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Coping with Change
There are several different models for organizational change. One of the older models is Lewin's Change Management Model, which is simplified as unfreeze, change, refreeze (MindTools, 2018). This model basically outlines what needs to happen on a very high level. It does not recognize change as a fluid process to be influenced, but rather three concrete steps, ending with a completed change and a return to the status quo. The weakness in this theory is that most modern organizations do not accept the idea of the base state, which can be exited in anticipation of the organization returning to a new base state at a later point. Fluidity is more the accepted norm, given the rapid pace of change in today's world relative to when Lewin developed his theory.
Kotter's 8-step change model to some extent builds on the Lewin model, in that it begins with ending the prevailing status quo and ends with the establishment of a new one. The difference is that Kotter elaborates a series of steps, providing more guidance for leaders and managers as to what they actually have to do in order to implement organizational change (MindTools, 2018). Having the different steps explained represents an improved model,...
There are other philosophies of change that are built into models. Both the Kubler-Ross and Satir models are rooted in emotional response to change, for example, providing some guidance to managers as to what they might expect, and maybe helping them figure out in advance of how to deal with it (Mulholland, 2017).
When change fails, one of the challenges if you are thinking about organizational change models is to identify if the model could have helped make that change work. A classic example of a failed organizational change is the FedEx/Kinko's purchase, which failed largely because FedEx underestimated – by a lot, apparently – the differences in Kinko's organizational culture and its own (Traub, 2008). This example highlights a gap in organizational change models. None of the models could have properly…
References
MindTools (2018) Kotter's 8-Step change model. MindTools. Retrieved May 15, 2018 from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_82.htm
MindTools (2018). Lewin's change management model. MindTools. Retrieved May 15, 2018 from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_94.htm
Mulholland, B. (2017). 8 critical change management models to evolve and survive. Process.st. Retrieved May 15, 2018 from https://www.process.st/change-management-models/
Traub, S. (2008) FedEx removes Kinkos with a write-off. CFO Magazine. Retrieved May 15, 2018 from http://ww2.cfo.com/accounting-tax/2008/06/fedex-removes-the-kinkos-with-a-write-off/
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