In the scene where the Emperor and his aides argue about the language for the new opera, one of the aides notes, "Plain German for plain people," and "German is too brutal" ("Amadeus"). Underlying this conversation is the idea that the north could not possibly be civilized or educated, and only the elite and attuned listened to the classical music emanating from Italy. This also indicates how the culture was changing, and indicates the difference between the two composers. Mozart welcomed writing in German, but was open to any language, while Salieri plodded along in Italian. He was not open to change and innovation, while Mozart championed it in his music and his life.
Throughout the film, it is clear Salieri cannot grow to accept the changes in Classical music. He represents the old morals of the Renaissance, while Mozart represents the new morals of the Enlightenment that would forge the French Revolution and religious upheaval across Europe. His music represented this change as well. His music was classical,...
His music was special, and it was simply better than many other composers' compositions of the day. Mozart shows his contempt for the old ways when he mimics Salieri at the piano. He represented revolt and change, while Salieri always just tried to get along and please those in charge. Ultimately, the two composers and their music represent the change going on in Europe, as well as the changes classical music was undergoing as well.
Finally, the two men illustrate the division of culture that characterized Europe. Salieri came from an uneducated, peasant family, while Mozart came from the upper class that he always rebelled against. His music appealed to the masses, while Salieri's was only intended for the wealthy upper class. Again, they represent the changes facing Europe, as well as the changes music was undergoing.
References
Amadeus. Dir. Milos Forman. Perf. F. Murray Abraham, Tom Hulse. Orion Pictures, 1984.
