Means-end chain
Vibram FiveFingers
Concrete attributes
Vibram FiveFingers are minimalist 'shoes' that look like five-fingered 'gloves' for the feet.
Abstract attributes
The shoes communicate to gazers that the runner is serious about barefoot running and wants shoes that mimic barefoot running as much as possible.
Functional benefits
The shoes allow the wearer to effectively run barefoot without running the risk of scraping the skin of the foot on pavement or getting cut by rocks or broken glass.
Psycho-social implication
More so than an ordinary lightweight shoe, the Vibrams convey to the world that the wearer is a hardcore barefoot runner.
Instrumental values
The sensation of running barefoot.
Terminal values
The supposed benefits of fewer injuries and greater leg strength conveyed by running barefoot.
New Balance (the Minimus)
Concrete attributes
A slipper-like shoe which comes in a variety of sizes and styles (including shoes for trail running).
Abstract attributes
With a more 'shoe-like' appearance than the Vibrams, the Minimus looks like a serious running shoe while still offers the benefits of barefoot running.
Functional benefits
A barefoot running shoe designed to meet the specific needs of the wearer, including trail vs. road running; a desire for more or less shoe structure, and different widths
Psycho-social implication
Runners who need more specialized shoes for support and foot health can still enjoy the benefits and social cache of being a barefoot runner.
Instrumental values
The sensation of running barefoot even for runners with hard-to-fit feet.
Terminal values
The physiological benefits of barefoot running, even...
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