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Identification of the central focus and major principal of theory
Pender's Health Promotion Model incorporates nursing and behavioral science perspectives. ("Assumptions and Theoretical Propositions of the Health Promotion Model (HPM)" 2003, Source: Pender, 2002) it assumes a positive view of humanity, and states that while individuals attempt to achieve a personally acceptable balance between change and stability, persons also seek to create new conditions for healthy living through which they can express their unique potential. Patients are seen as being self-aware and in charge of their own health, and are capable of actively regulating their own behavior, and transforming their own environment as well as being capable of transformation themselves. Health professionals are responsible for exerting a positive influence to facilitate these changes. ("Assumptions and Theoretical Propositions of the Health Promotion Model (HPM)" 2003, Source: Pender, 2002)
The theoretical propositions of the HPM are based in the idea that prior behaviors, along with inherited and acquired characteristics all conspire to influence current health-promoting beliefs and actions. However, persons can commit to engaging in new behaviors that they perceive to be beneficial, although perceived barriers can constrain commitments to action. Perceived competence or self-efficacy to...
By increasing the patient's sense of self-efficacy, there are also fewer perceived barriers to achieving a desirable health behavior, effect, and achieving the positive emotions that result from such behaviors. Such a change must come from changes in the family and lifestyle; the individual must not assume the entire burden of change. The situational environment, families, peers, and health care providers are all sources of interpersonal influence that can increase or decrease commitment to and engagement in health-promoting behavior. ("Assumptions and Theoretical Propositions of the Health Promotion Model (HPM)" 2003, Source: Pender, 2002)
Application of the theory to nursing practice, education and research
It is not very hard to anticipate the use of this model in nursing practice. Imagine a woman coming to a clinic for advice from a nurse practitioner. The woman is overweight and having difficulty coping with her child's health problems. The child is also overweight and has been recently diagnosed with Type II Diabetes. The mother says she cannot do anything to improve her health, everyone in her family is big, and she works late and can't exercise. Plus, much of family togetherness revolves around consuming the high-fat, high-sugar foods
The theoretical propositions of the HPM are based in the idea that prior behaviors, along with inherited and acquired characteristics all conspire to influence current health-promoting beliefs and actions. However, persons can commit to engaging in new behaviors that they perceive to be beneficial, although perceived barriers can constrain commitments to action. Perceived competence or self-efficacy to execute a given behavior increases the likelihood of commitment to action and actual performance of a positive behavior. By increasing the patient's sense of self-efficacy, there are also fewer perceived barriers to achieving a desirable health behavior, effect, and achieving the positive emotions that result from such behaviors. Such a change must come from changes in the family and lifestyle; the individual must not assume the entire burden of change. The situational environment, families, peers, and health care providers are all sources of interpersonal influence that can increase or decrease commitment to and engagement in health-promoting behavior. ("Assumptions and Theoretical Propositions of the Health Promotion Model (HPM)" 2003, Source: Pender, 2002)
Application of the theory to nursing practice, education and research
It is not very hard to anticipate the use of this model in nursing practice. Imagine a woman coming to a clinic for advice from a nurse practitioner. The woman is overweight and having difficulty coping with her child's health problems. The child is also overweight and has been recently diagnosed with Type II Diabetes. The mother says she cannot do anything to improve her health, everyone in her family is big, and she works late and can't exercise. Plus, much of family togetherness revolves around consuming the high-fat, high-sugar foods
Nola Pender - Background and Overview Dr. Nola Pender is credited with developing the Health Promotion Model, which is internationally adopted for education, practice and research. In the course of her career as researcher, Dr. Pender tested the Health Promotion Model on adolescents and adults. She also formulated the "Girls on the Move" program with the aid of her research group, and started intervention studies into the Health Promotion Model's usefulness
Nursing Science Florence Nightingale (d.1910), founder of modern nursing is born. Florence Nightingale is widely credited for developing what has been called an 'environmental' theory of nursing. When Nightingale began to practice her craft during the Crimean War, there were no professional protocols for how nurses should behave, nor was nursing a standardized profession. Nightingale suggested the need for cleanliness and well-ventilated areas to facilitate the healing of patients. She also
Nursing Theory Madeleine Leininger's Theory of Cultural Care: Background. Leininger's Theory of Cultural Care began during the 1950s, when she developed a fascination with anthropology. While she was studying at the University of Cincinnati, she discussed this fascination and how it might influence her work as a professional nurse with visiting professor Margaret Mead (Munoz, 2012). Particularly, she was interested in acknowledging cultural differentiation factors in her nursing practice. She found many
Pender's is a theory of preventive medicine, for the healthy rather than the chronically ill. However, in an age where lifestyle-related disease are on the rise, it can provide an important function, particularly for nurses facing an epidemic of pre-diabetic and diabetic adolescents reared on poor diets and little physical activity. Some might protest that the genetic component to even Type II Diabetes, or obesity in general, might be
The company showed a global reach early, adding numerous language versions around the world. In 2000, the company reached 18 million search queries per day and officially became the world's largest search engine ("Google, Inc." paras. 11-14). The company now sought to address its need for income by introducing a keyword-targeted advertising program for another source of revenue. The company partnered with Yahoo! And with other partners, such as China's