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Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major public health concerns since they contribute to 7 million hospitalizations annually and death. As a result, the identification of suitable treatment options for the diseases is important in order to enhance patient outcomes. Advanced practice nurses play a critical role in recommending appropriate treatment options for patients with these disorders. This process entails examining aspects that could influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic procedures. For this paper, I have selected Patient AO who has gained 9 pounds, has a history of obesity, and suffers from hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Arcangelo & Peterson (2013) classify hypertension as a disorder that affects one in three American adults and hyperlipidemia as increase in the levels of blood cholesterol. These two conditions are regarded as foundations for serious health conditions like heart failure.
The selected patient factor for this case is ethnicity, which influences the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases among different groups of people. Epidemiological studies have shown that African Americans are at high risks of developing hypertension and have mortality rates in comparison to whites or other races (Ortega, Sedki & Nayer, 2015). According to Saab et al. (2015), African Americans...
African Americans are at high risks of developing these conditions because of inactivity and physiological attributes that enhances the likelihood of low levels of circulating renin and excess angiotensin II levels.
One of the factors that could have contributed to Patient AO’s obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia is ethnicity. The patient’s weight gain is a major concern since it increases his/her hypertension by between 5mm and 20mm. Treatment for these conditions involve a combination of medication and lifestyle changes or therapy. Some of these lifestyle changes include maintaining a healthy diet, increased physical activity and exercise, stress management, maintaining a healthy weight, reducing alcohol consumption, and avoiding smoking. Patient AO is currently under the maximum dosage of doxazosin i.e. 8mg daily though the reason for the high dosage is not specified in the case. On the other hand, the patient is on an extremely low dosage of atenolol whose normal daily dose is 50mg while the maximum daily dose is 200mg, which is administered orally. The extremely low dosage of this medication could be attributable to the fact that the patient is under increased dosage of doxazosin.…
References
Arcangelo, V.P. & Peterson, A.M. (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Ortega, L.M., Sedki, E. & Nayer, A. (2015, March-April). Hypertension in the African American Population: A Succinct Look at its Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Therapy. Nefrologia, 35(2), 139-145.
Saab et al. (2015, February). New Insights on the Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in African Americans: The Role of Added Sugars. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 26(2), 247-257.
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