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Additionally, within a school setting, parental consent must be obtained if a child is assessed. The results of testing a minor for learning disability can impact the child's education for many years and carries an additional weighty responsibility for the assessor: the child's parents must be made fully aware of what types of treatment are available for the child and the pros and cons of assessment.
In all settings, the tests must be validated, reliable, and accepted by the psychological community as appropriate for that setting. An obvious example of appropriateness is the need to use the correct version of the MMPI Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-A) when testing adolescents, and using tests 'normed' on a representative population. Some tests are normed on individuals who are already identified as pathological, while others upon the general population.
Cultural sensitivity is also an issue: on a very basic level, when testing a student's IQ whose primary language is not English, the assessment must be performed in the student's first language, or not be a verbally-focused test. Even...
The administrator of projective tests must also be highly trained in interpretation and administration, to reduce subjective bias.
Testing has become ubiquitous in modern culture -- even many jobs use computerized versions of the MMPI to assess candidates. However, psychological assessment is at best a blunt instrument. The less trained the interpreter, and the more generic the format, the less reliable the test. Testing should be used as a guide, and must never function as the sole diagnostic determinant when creating a course of treatment.
References
Richmond, Raymond Lloyd. (2009). Confidentiality. A guide to psychology and its practice.
Retrieved January 14, 2010 at http://www.guidetopsychology.com/confid.htm
Give me that which I want, and you shall have this which you want, is the meaning of every such offer" (Smith, 1776, p. 118-119). The unintentional consequence is thee same as it was before: an increasingly respectable and thriving nation, one so much so that it is as if shaped by what Smith deems the "invisible hand," from which Smith thus concludes that "it is the necessary, certain propensity
Criminal Law and Psychopathy I. Introduction Various studies have in the past indicated that there is a high correlation between violence/criminal behavior and psychopathy. This would largely be expected given that psychological studies into the character and disposition of psychopaths has demonstrated that the need for control (or power) as well as egocentrism, which also happen to be the dominant character traits of psychopaths, are predictors for deviant or antisocial behavior. The
If human behavior can be loosely predicted, then so too can criminal behavior. 4. Criminal profiling is not one hundred percent accurate or valid. It is an inexact science. Results of profiling are close to chance, which is one reason why the process is criticized and used cautiously. Officers of the law may be misled by an inaccurate or hasty profile, and in some cases might even apprehend innocent persons
" (Weiss, Goebel, Page, Wilson and Warda, 1998) However, it is stated that 7% of the children in the study "had scores indicating risk for mental health problems and 14$ showed enough symptoms to warrant substantial clinical concern." (Weiss, Goebel, Page, Wilson and Warda, 1998) it is reported that the study was focused on the determination of the degree to which behavioral and emotional problems may be related to the family's
For a fifty-seven-year-old man with a fairly unremarkable past medical history, surgery was recommended. Also, performing the surgery could have a positive impact upon his diverticulosis, urinary hesitation, Gerd, BPH (benign prostrate hyperplasia, or enlarged prostate) and mild anemia. A surgery to correct the inguinal hernia had been successfully performed in 1998 without incident, as did the patient's other surgeries, including his varicose vein stripping done in 1987 and
Another essential teaching strategy is the use of targeting specific behaviors. Once a teacher becomes familiar with a student's problem behaviors through daily interaction and observations, the teacher should spend time determining which specific behavior or behaviors need to be attended to. Typically the most disruptive or dangerous behaviors are targeted, as often times these are the causes of other, more minor problems. Next, the teacher should work individually with