¶ … Richard Franke Chapter
why does Franke believe traditional West African cultures have adapted better to their environments than later influences vis-a-vis Western cultures?
First of all, Franke believes that apart from Western influence and outside the influence of ruling power classes, production systems that are environmentally and ecologically sustaining were developed between farmers and herders. They learned from each other, Franke writes on page 259. They were in "intensive contact" and as a result farmers exchanged knowledge about plants that herders needed to know and herders shared knowledge that farmers needed to know. There was no one dictating how things should be developed; it was an evolution of ecology based on communication and interactions. Franke calls this "traditional knowledge," and the fertility of soil was vitally important to sustenance and survival. But when African countries became colonies of European ruling classes, the interlopers introduced "…excessive use of the soils" and exploited "local labor" to increase production at the cost of environmentally responsible practices (Franke, p. 259).
Secondly,...
The second method forces agriculture to manage wastes and develop rural employment. ( Lichtfouse 1-10) All-in-all, there are numerous ways in which to make sustainable agriculture, from simple management adjustments to fundamental changes in the farming system. One course calls for the substitution of products used in agriculture. For instance, toxic chemicals and fertilizers could be substituted for less pollutant alternatives. Many persons suggest the use of Genetically Modified organisms
Sustainable Sustainability in Australian Food Exporting Sustainability is an increasingly important consideration in both built and natural environments, as human endeavors are revealed to be increasingly fragile and enormously dependent on natural resources that could potentially be eradicated through overuse and unsustainable practices. This affects almost all areas of human activity, including many that might seem not directly related to sustainability issues such as import and export levels. When considered from a
According to Cook and Murray, "In a sustainable society resources are used fairly and efficiently in order to meet basic human needs globally. Within rural sociology, sustainable agriculture is frequently considered to be a mutually exclusive "competing paradigm" that challenges conventional agriculture on environmental, economic and ideological grounds. As a result, much of the research on identifying sustainable agricultural practices has been focused on understanding the characteristics which differentiate conventional
But despite its registered success in the United States, the countries in the European Union, mostly Italy, France or Greece, but also others, have become affirmed as strong discailmers of GM. They mostly reacted in such a manner due to their ongoing battle against fast food, originating primarily from the U.S. And leading to unfavourable outcomes for the individual's health. Italy has even subscribed to the Slow Food Movement, promoting
Agriculture and New Technologies Agriculture and New Technology Agricultural techniques and technologies have changed vastly over the last several decades contributing to significant improvements in productivity. Today, farming has become a knowledge intensive practice with more than 90% of the farmers across the world using scientific farming methods to minimize their cost and improve their yield. . The cost savings effected in terms of efficient use of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides under
Agriculture defines Georgia's character and way of life, and has throughout the history of the state. "With a contribution of more than $72.5 billion annually to Georgia's $786.5 billion economy, agriculture is the main driver of the state's economic engine," (University of Georgia Cooperative Extension). Since the days where plantation owners capitalized on slave labor to 21st century advancements in agriculture technology, Georgia has been an American agricultural leader. Agriculture
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now