The reluctance of going to the school assumed to lie at home. It is assumed that the child has an inclination to stay at home where the well being of the parent is guaranteed. In turn the parents visualize the problem of intimidation of their children to prevalent in schools. The psychologists however find that the inclination towards avoidance of the schools is the consequence of various elements with their reaction to both home and school stressors. The contemporary thought on school phobia depicts that there are some children who denies attending school as a result of separation anxiety. (School Phobia) Most of the children reluctant to go to school are between the ages 8-13 years. In case of some the reluctance is as an effort to avoid uncomfortable feelings associated with school. The phobia is associated with the fear of being criticized or evaluated. Sometimes the particular activities like boarding a school bus or attending an assembly creates intense fear to some children. Studies made at National Center for the Study of Corporal Punishment, as published in the Monitor, the newspaper of the American Psychological Association indicate that most of the children find the school events as stressful enough to generate characteristics of withdrawal tendencies, aggressive behavior, moodiness or anxiety. Such events according to the studies are associated with disciplinary methods those are punitive in nature and assault the self-esteem of the child. It is evident that some children are adaptive and capable of being adjustable to a considerable amount of challenge while in some other cases they are confined. (School Phobia)

Most of the children find the school phobia as a result of bullying, intimidation, threats, taunting, and violence. Presently, there has been much enhanced understanding of bullying in schools and it is evident that the bullying is persistently increasing. The children bully normally due to varied causes. The deficiency of the child like deafness,...

The child is anticipated to demonstrate the desired performance at the standard required by the school not withstanding the identification of his deficiencies. Bullying normally indicates to a pattern of activity of a child with a lot of internal anger, resentment and aggression and being deficient of interpersonal skills that prefers to shift their aggression to another child. Such activities include the tactics of "constant criticism, nit-picking, exclusion, isolation, teasing etc. with verbal psychological emotional and physical violence." (Bullying in schools)
The school environment should be such that the children find the campus from very moment they initiate schooling to be not acceptable to the bullying, aggression and violence. Lack of such atmosphere leads the prospective bullies to perceive their bullying behavior as an acceptance by the school. It is suggested that the school environment is required to be one of 'exclusion' rather than 'inclusion'. Children are free to create their own groups or gangs. The children should show dignity and respect at the very beginning to other students which go a long way in entailing a positive environment in the campus. (Bullying in schools)

References

Anandalakshmy. S. The child at school. Retrieved at http://www.doctorndtv.com/children/detailtopics.asp?id=31. Accessed on 16 February, 2005

Bullying in schools. Retrieved at http://www.bullyonline.org/schoolbully/school.htm. Accessed on 16 February, 2005

Hogan, Maureen. School Phobia. Nassau County Psychologist. Retrieved at http://www.fenichel.com/schoolphobia.html. Accessed on 16 February, 2005

Starting School. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Retrieved at http://www.aacap.org/publications/factsfam/82.htm. Accessed on 16 February, 2005