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¶ … Colin Woodward's book Ocean's End: Travels Through Endangered Seas describes the seas around Belize including those of Caye Caulker. Many of these are tourist areas, but with a low development footprint. As Woodward points out, most people walk and there are no cars anywhere on Caye Caulker. Although the author underestimates the intelligence and geographic awareness of Americans by stating that most of them have "never heard of this little nation," Woodward does do Belize justice in showing that increased rates of tourism to the island are wreaking havoc on the reefs, even though the type of tourism Belize attracts is "ecotourism."
Yet not all is idyllic on this stretch of paradise. As Woodward first points out, Caulker used to have a glut of spiny lobsters, so common that the locals were able to simply coax them ashore using palm fronds (p. 132). Tourism has increased the demand for fresh seafood, and instead of waiting for the lobsters to reach full size, they are being illegally captured at a smaller size and younger age. Not only has the practice diminished the lobster population, it has also had repercussions on the social justice issues associated with ecotourism development. Whereas the locals enjoyed a more diverse labor system,...
Interestingly, there are even sadder stories in Belize about overdevelopment causing destruction of coral reefs, ocean species, and the traditional lives of fishermen.
In Chapter 6 of Ocean's End, "Paradise Lost," Woodward proceeds to discuss one of the poster children of climate change, the Marshall Islands. This Pacific Island chain is tiny and completely spread out. They are coral and sand islands, interspersed with volcanic atolls, and only just above sea level. According to the author, the Marshall Islands will not exist in a hundred years because of rising sea levels. In addition to the changes from climate change, Marshall Islanders suffer from high rates of illnesses caused by a poor diet dependent on junk food that has been imported. Garbage is also becoming a problem but ironically, the Marshall Islands has actually agreed to import garbage.
Woodward discusses several marine organisms affected by climate change and tourism. The most important of these organisms is coral. Coral has a unique anatomy. Their basic form is called a "polyp." Polyps are multicellular with highly specialized cells, making corals more complex creatures than they may appear. Corals have a ring…
References
NOAA (2015). Coral anatomy and structure. Retrieved online: http://coralreef.noaa.gov/aboutcorals/coral101/anatomy/
Palumbi, et al. (2014). Mechanisms of reef coral resistance to future climate change. Science 344(6186): 895-898
Woodward, C. (2000). Ocean's End. Basic Books.
" Beyond that, another 26,000 tons of "plastic packaging material" is dumped by the fishing industry each year, Sverdrup's text maintains. Why is plastic trash so bad? First, there are over 50 million tons of plastics produced in the U.S. annually, and secondly, a good deal of that plastic is responsible "for crippling and killing tens of thousands of marine animals yearly." The Depleted Fisheries: There are plenty of existing threats
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At the time, the industry sought to examine both oil pollution in general and ocean dumping as well as land-based sources of ocean pollution. According to Wang, "More significant was the rapid technological development in the design of large-sized oil tankers which required constant rule changes. By 1973 it was evident that the 1954 convention provisions were inadequate or outdated, and by then the likelihood of the 1954 convention
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Nabokov: Ch. 4 "My English Education": In the fourth chapter of Nabokov's book, he discusses his upbringing and the English governess who took care of him when he was a small child. The particular qualities of Britain seemed to all have been within this one governess and it instilled in Nabokov and his other family members a form of Anglophilia. They came to appreciate other British things either because she introduced it
The Gold Coast area has a reputation as a flood prone area, even without considering the effects of global climate change. The Gold Coast area comprises seven major catchment areas including the Tallebudgera, Currumbin, Nerang River, Coomera River, Pimpama River, South Moreton Bay, Sandy Creek and Broadwater area (Mirfenderesk, 2009). The Nerang River catchment is adjacent to the Tallebudgers catchment to the South. It is bordered by the Broadwater and