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"For sets with a large number of options...a disorganized assortment can make it more difficult for consumers to recognize and appreciate the full extent of the variety," with arrangements of food and non-food objects (Kahn & Wansink 2004: 526). The more the appearance of variety, the higher the level of consumption of food and non-food items.
In terms of taste, variety can influence consumption, even if color and 'packaging' is altered, and no variation of taste is present. Thus, in one study, M&Ms were deliberately selected as a 'test case' candy, because they all taste the same, still: "Those who had been given the high variety-asymmetric assortments (10 color -- 30% dark brown) rated their assortments as more fun to eat than those who had been given the high variety- symmetric assortments (Kahn & Wansink 2004: 526). In short, the abundance of variety as well as volume of American society can give rise to factors than increase poor choices, in terms of high-volume consumption of unhealthy food items.
This literature review should not be cause for despair. Rather, with awareness, people can...
By simply asking one's self, 'why am I eating' -- because of hunger or some external factors unrelated to hunger, such as mood, environmental pressures, or a desire for novelty, a consumer can match his or her caloric needs with his or her consumption patterns.
Works Cited
Garg, Nina Brian Wansink, & Jeffrey Inman. (2007, January). "The influence of incidental affect on consumers' food intake." Journal of Marketing 71: 194- 206. Retrieved 18 Sept 2007 at http://www.foodpsychology.cornell.edu/pdf/permission/MoodFood-JM_2007.pdf
Kahn, Barbara E. And Brian Wansink (2004). "The Influence of Assortment Structure on Perceived Variety and Consumption Quantities," Journal of Consumer Research, 30:4 (March), 519-533. Retrieved 18 Sept 2007 at http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/JCR/home.html
Wansink, Brian. (2004). "Environmental Factors that Increase the food intake and consumption volume of unknowing consumers." Annual Review of Nutrition. 24:455-79. Retrieved 18 Sept 2007 at http://www.foodpsychology.cornell.edu/workcenter/2004_pdfs/Consumption-ARN_2004.pdf
Works Cited
Garg, Nina Brian Wansink, & Jeffrey Inman. (2007, January). "The influence of incidental affect on consumers' food intake." Journal of Marketing 71: 194- 206. Retrieved 18 Sept 2007 at http://www.foodpsychology.cornell.edu/pdf/permission/MoodFood-JM_2007.pdf
Kahn, Barbara E. And Brian Wansink (2004). "The Influence of Assortment Structure on Perceived Variety and Consumption Quantities," Journal of Consumer Research, 30:4 (March), 519-533. Retrieved 18 Sept 2007 at http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/JCR/home.html
Wansink, Brian. (2004). "Environmental Factors that Increase the food intake and consumption volume of unknowing consumers." Annual Review of Nutrition. 24:455-79. Retrieved 18 Sept 2007 at http://www.foodpsychology.cornell.edu/workcenter/2004_pdfs/Consumption-ARN_2004.pdf
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