Western Civilization the Old Persian Road Ran

Western Civilization

The old Persian road ran from Sardis to Susa. What was the approximate distance from Sardis to Susa? In Miles?

It was approximately 1,500 miles from Sardis to Susa.

In what 20th century countries did the Greeks have the most colonies?

The Greeks possessed the largest number of colonies in the modern countries of Italy and Spain, with some in France and North Africa.

In what 20th century countries were the following cities located?

Byzantium b. Pergamum c. Ephesus d. Delphi e. Corinth

Turkey

Greece

In what present-day countries were Roman Narbonensis? Dalmatia? Bithynia and Pontus? Mesopotamia? Baetica? Carthage? Locate the approximate longitude and latitude of Valentia.

Narbonensis: France

Dalmatia: Croatia

Bithnya and Pontus: Turkey

Mesopotamia: Iraq

Baetica: Spain

Carthage: Tunisia

Valentia was the Ancient Roman name for the modern French city of Valence: Lat. 44 23' N

Long. 004 58' E

If a Roman Legion could march 20 miles, about how long would it take a Legion to reach Florida from Rome? If you left Rome by the Via Appia which direction would you be traveling?

At the rate of 20 miles a day, and assuming a could march directly across the sea, a Roman legion would take approximately 260 days to travel from Rome to Miami, Florida.

If one left Rome by way of the Via Appia, one would be traveling Southeastwards.

6. Note the divisions of the Roman Empire around 400 A.D. Which Barbarian group attacked Rome by the sea? In 451 Attila the Hun was defeated by the Romans at Chalons. In what present day country did this battle occur?

The Vandals attacked Rome by sea from their base in North Africa.

Chalons is in France.

7. What significant event occurred on Christmas Day in the year 800? What linguistic division do you think are reflected in the division between the East and the West Frankish Kingdoms? Shortly after the death of Charlemagne his empire was divided. When was another empire of this expanse constructed again and by whom?

Charlemagne was crowned Emperor by the Pope on Christmas Day in the year 800.

In the east, French is spoken, and in the west, German.

The next time another European empire of similar size was created, it was created by Napoleon.

8. What area of Spain was under Moslem control in 1140?

It was primarily the southern portion of Spain, Andalusia, that was under Moslem control in 1140.

9. Compare and contrast Europe in 814 A.D., 1140 A.D., and 1360 A.D.

814: Much of Western Europe was a part of Charlemagne's empire, while the Eastern part of the continent was under Byzantine control in the south, and had not yet coalesced into any real states in the north and Russia.

1140: A much smaller France than we see today lay to the north of the Spanish Christian kingdoms. The southern part of the Iberian Peninsula was under Moorish control. The Holy Roman Empire spread over Germany, the Low Countries, and Eastern France.

1360: France was approaching its modern size. Spain had almost wholly been reconquered by the Christian kingdoms of Castile and Aragon. Russia was in the grip of the Tatars. While in the Balkans, the Ottoman Turks had already seized much of the Byzantine Empire.

10. What were the main divisions of Italy around 1454?

Northern Italy featured the states of Florence (Tuscany), Milan (Lombardy), Venice, Mantua, Modena, Ferrara, and others. Central Italy was part of the "Patrimony of St. Peter" and was under the control of the Popes in the form of the Papal States. And the south was in the hands of the Kingdom of Naples, or as it was later known, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

11. The people of Brazil speak Portuguese. Why? Where did Columbus land on his first voyage? What is the approximate location in longitude and latitude of Santiago?

Brazil was settled by Portugal.

Columbus landed in the Bahamas.

Santiago, Chile: 33 28' S. Lat. And 70 45' W. Long.

12. a. Why did the King of France consider the Hapsburg a greater threat than the Ottoman Turks?

b. What was the largest Kingdom in Europe in 1560?

c. What does this map tell you about the possible difficulties a leader might have in unifying Germany?

a. The Hapsburg Empire virtually surrounded France with Hapsburgs in Spain, Germany and the Netherlands, while the Ottoman Empire was comparatively remote.

b. The largest kingdom was the combined kingdom of Spain and Portugal.

c. Germany was sharply divided along religious lines with the North being mostly Protestant, and the South Roman Catholic.

13. How many miles did the troops of Napoleon have to march (Vilna-Moscow-Vilna)? What great Empire was abolished by Napoleon?

Measured as the crow flies, the trip from Vilna to Moscow and back again is 982 miles.

Napoleon abolished the Holy Roman Empire.

14. What clues do the maps provide in regards to the ethnic problems that faced the Austrian Empire?

The Austrians ruled over a multiethnic state composed of Germans (Austrians), Slovenians, Croatians, Hungarians, Poles, and other smaller groups, each of which spoke its own language.

15. Discuss the demographic (population) changes that took place as a result of the Industrialization.

The countries of Western Europe became heavily urbanized, with cities such as London and Paris growing to include millions of inhabitants. In England, large cities grew up in the northern industrial areas.

16. Which countries had the greatest colonial empires in 1900? Where were their empires?

The greatest colonial empires were the following:

United Kingdom: India, Africa, Canada, Australia, Malaya, etc.;

France: Africa, Indochina

Germany: Africa, and some possessions in the Far East

17. Compare Europe in 1914 with Europe 1922-40.

The map of Europe in 1914 was dominated by the United Kingdom, France, the German Empire, The Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and a handful of smaller, mostly monarchical states. By the period 1922-40, the German, Austro-Hungarian, Russian and Ottoman Empires had all disappeared, being replaced by collections of independent states (in the case of Russia, the Ottomans, and Austria-Hungary), and by a communist regime in the Soviet Union, and in Germany, the Weimar Republic and afterwards the fascist dictatorship of Adolf Hitler. By the end of the period fascists governments also held sway in Italy and Spain, as well as other nations.