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Automobile and Consumerism
The automobile has completely revolutionized consumer culture. From being a novel invention that very few could afford to own, to becoming the number one purchased product in the United States, the automobile has not only changed the way that individuals travel independently, it has also altered the advertising industry. Advertising is the mechanism by which consumers are able to become aware of the products that are being made and sold (Pricken, 2004). This has in turn created a culture based on materialism and consumerism. Individuals are now purchasing items that are not necessarily essential, but they are presented in a way that allows consumers to believe that their lives would not be able to function appropriately without them. When it comes to the automobile, the techniques are no different. In modern, developed countries, the automobile is as common as having a bicycle. It is heavily relied on…
References:
AAAA. (2013). Standards of Practice. American Association of Advertising Agencies. Retrieved from http://www.aaaa.org/about/association/pages/standardsofpractice.aspx .
BMWUSA. (Producer). (2012). Bmw 3 series - the close call. [Web Video]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOBU5dEUfVg
Cameronsfx. (Producer). (2008). Kate walsh extended cadillac cts commercial excel quality. [Web Video]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DfGknbfFYE
Horovitz, B. (2010, October 03). Marketers get creative targeting hard-to-reach college students . USA Today . Retrieved from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com /money/advertising/2010-10-03-marketing-to-college-students_N.htm' target='_blank' REL='NOFOLLOW'>
These force American car manufacturers to improve the quality of their products, to focus on developing more fuel-efficiency vehicles and to regain the population's loyalty to the national cars.
ibliography
Jones, R., quoting Lindland, R., American auto industry seen at a crossroads, MSNC, May 9, 2006, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/10642724/,last accessed on October 31, 2007
Environmental Implications of the Automobile, State of the Environment, Fact Sheet No. 93-1, published under the Authority of the Canadian Ministry of the Environment, 1993, http://www.ec.gc.ca/soer-ree/English/products/factsheets/93-1.cfm, last accessed on October 31, 2007
Carr, ., American vs. Japanese Fuel Economy for 2007 Cars, Daily Fuel Economy Tip, March 1, 2007, http://www.dailyfueleconomytip.com/?p=295,last accessed on October 31, 2007
Fuel Efficiency of American Cars Over the Past 32 Years, the Economist, October 3rd, 2007, http://www.economist.com/daily/chartgallery/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9891188,last accessed on October 31, 2007
Anderson, J., the Automobile Industry, Graduating Engineer, http://www.graduatingengineer.com/industryfocus/automotive2.html, last accessed on October 31, 2007
Lester, W., Poll hints of loyalty to American…
Bibliography
Jones, R., quoting Lindland, R., American auto industry seen at a crossroads, MSNBC, May 9, 2006, http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/10642724/,last accessed on October 31, 2007
Environmental Implications of the Automobile, State of the Environment, Fact Sheet No. 93-1, published under the Authority of the Canadian Ministry of the Environment, 1993, http://www.ec.gc.ca/soer-ree/English/products/factsheets/93-1.cfm , last accessed on October 31, 2007
Carr, B., American vs. Japanese Fuel Economy for 2007 Cars, Daily Fuel Economy Tip, March 1, 2007, http://www.dailyfueleconomytip.com/?p=295,last accessed on October 31, 2007
Fuel Efficiency of American Cars Over the Past 32 Years, the Economist, October 3rd, 2007, http://www.economist.com/daily/chartgallery/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9891188,last accessed on October 31, 2007
Automobile Industry
"the foreign market has surpassed quality over the U.S. Automobile Industry"
The automobile industry is one of the biggest manufacturing industries of the 20th century and puts a severe impact on the economy of the nation. In Japan, a largest auto manufacturer of the world, the expression 10% industry is frequently used which indicates that the auto industry is involved in 10% of the total employment. As automobiles comprises of a broad range of materials and components, the automobile manufacturer is not capable of managing every manufacturing processes on its own. As it is seen that the impact of this industry is far reaching, and due to its extensive effect, the industry has been positioned as a strategic industry in a lot of nations. (Characteristics of the Auto Industry at the end of 21st century)
The scope of the motor industry is global which saw the dominance of…
References
"Chairman' Message- Extracts" Retrieved from http://www.gm.com/company/gmability/sustainability/reports/04/100_message/111_exec_state_chair.html Accessed on 21 February, 2005
"CRR: Products- Efficiency and Emissions" (2004) Retrieved from http://www.gm.com/company/gmability/sustainability/reports/04/400_products/470_eff_ove.html Accessed on 21 February, 2005
"CRR: Products- Vehicle Safety" (2004) Retrieved from http://www.gm.com/company/gmability/sustainability/reports/04/400_products/460_vehs_ove.html Accessed on 21 February, 2005
Fujimoto, Takahiro; Takeishi, Akira. (June 2001) "Auto Strategy based on Lean Production" CIRJE Discussion Paper. Tokyo University. Retrieved from http://imvp.mit.edu/papers/0001/fujimoto1.pdf Accessed on 21 February, 2005
automobile industry and IT
Automobile Industry & Information Technology
The objective of this work is to discuss how three to five firms in the automobile industry and discuss how these firms utilize information technology for competitive advantage including the use of specific issues such as hardware, networks, software, CM, EP, and supply chains. Finally, this work will comment on the relative success or failure of the selected companies.
The work of W.C. Benton and Michael Maloni (2002) entitled "elationship Performance in the Automotive Supply Chain state that as globalization has increased which has been "ironically driven in part by ITZ, competition has increased at accelerated rates. Increased competition has led to firms focusing more on their core competencies becoming less and less on vertically integration. This focus has led to increased specialization within the firm, which drives the need for firms to outsource more of their non-core functions." (Benton and…
References
Ford Motor Company -- Case Study (nd) Mass Communication Study. Retrieved from: http://www.thecompanymarketing.com/masscommunication/ford-motor-company-case-study/
A Career in Ford Information Technology (2010) Ford.co.uk retrieved from: http://www.ford.co.uk/AboutFord/FordCareers/CareersTrainingAndApprenticeships/GraduateAndExperiencedProfessionals/InformationTechnology
Global Manufacturing Strategy Gives Ford Competitive Advantage (2010) Media.Ford.com. Retrieved from: http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=13633
GM Using Technology Enterprise -- Wide to Visualize Software Applications Before Development. 7 Oct 2008 IRISE. Retrieved from: http://www.irise.com/news/10_07_08.php
It was also during this time that more and more families were living in mobile home parks so, with their car, they could relocate at a much shorter notice. Harper's Magazine said of many of the new auto culture workers that their sense of community had been eroded somewhat by suburbia. When asked where their home was, some replied, "Do you mean where I was born, where I live now, where I lived a couple of years ago, where my folks live, or where I last voted?" (Schorr, 1958)
Greed and the Gas Pump (1976-1992) -- Automobiles changed with the time, the 1960s brought more and more imports from Europe and Japan, with the Volkswagon "Bug" even starring in its own movie series. As the Vietnam War ended, the Hippie generation faded, America faced a new, dual challenge with the automobile: imports were becoming even better and gas was getting…
Lovelock, J. (2000). Gaia: A New Look At Life on Earth. New York: Oxtord University Press.
Schorr, A. (1958, June). Families on Wheels. Harper's (216), pp. 71-5.
Seiler, C. (2008). Republic of Drivers: A Cultural History of Automobility in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Nation on heels: The Automobile Culture in America Since 1945, by Mark S. Foster. Specifically, it will contain a scholarly report on the book.
NATION ON HEELS
Nation on heels" is a comprehensive look at the varied history of the automobile in America. hile the book ostensibly covers the period in the auto's development from 1945 on, the author begins by "setting the stage" for the automobile's impressive history and impact on the United States by illustrating how horseless carriages came into being, and how the petroleum industry played such a large and lucrative part in the development of the first automobiles. He also includes other national and international developments that had important and lasting effects on the auto industry, from development of a national Interstate highway system, to orld ar II and the growth of suburbia and commuting after the war. Other influences on the automobile, such as mass…
Works Cited
Foster, Mark. S. A Nation on Wheels: The Automobile Culture in America Since 1945. Belmont, CA: 2003.
Marketing Techniques That the Automobile Industry Uses on the Internet
The purpose of this discussion is to provide an analysis of the various marketing techniques that the automobile industry uses on the Internet. We will explore sites of automobile manufacturers and seek to understand how car manufacturers use marketing strategies to attract customers. Our investigation will also reveal the best and worst Internet sites that the industry has to offer.
The advent of the Internet has created a new breed of consumers who expect high quality service at very low prices. The automobile industry has recognized this trend and various manufacturers and dealers have opened up shop online. The websites of various manufacturers and dealers allow the consumer to see the makes and models available and the retail price of the car. This leads to a well-informed consumer that will not be taken advantage of when they arrive at the…
Bibliography
Bentley. http://www.bentleyboys.com/
BMW. http://www.bmwusa.com/
Daimler Chrysler. http://www.daimlerchrysler.com/
Daewoo. http://www.daewoo.com/
Market Segmentation Analysis
The automobile industry is the fastest growing sector in India. Growth in consumption patterns has encouraged tremendous improvement in manufacturing sector and the auto industry has been growing at a rapid pace recording "over 2.06 million four-wheelers (passenger cars, light, medium and heavy commercial vehicles, multi-utility vehicles such as jeeps), and over 9 million two-and-three wheelers (scooters, motorcycles, mopeds, and three wheelers) - in 2006-07." (SBH India, 2008)
But since there is no special segmentation technique, we can only segment the market on the basis of size and price of automobiles. There are yet to emerge more sophisticated techniques involving psychographics and other behavioral parameters. Following are some of the available segments in the automobile sector:
Utility cars and other off-road vehicles: examples: Maruti Gypsy, Mahindra Armada, Tata Sumo. Tata Nano
Economy segment is one where cars are priced at less than $13,000 and examples include Ambassador,…
References
India Automotive Industry Compiled by: SBH India New Delhi, April 2008
GAIL INDIA LIMITED Accessed online 28th March 2011 http://www.gailonline.com/gailnewsite/mediacenter/reportsautoindustry.html
automobile Market conversations and trend is often dominated by branding. Toyota as a brand, has redefined the automobile market. In the year 2010, Toyota's category has made it dominant of the world market commanding 11% of the market share (OICA, 2010). Toyota as a brand is well positioned in the market and perceived as the maker of fuel-efficient models, with Corolla becoming one of America's favorite compact cars. Toyota has continually built new product categories for newly discovered needs in the automobile market.
After World War II, Toyota was focused on making cars as opposed to war machinery and buses. It came up with model SA in 1947 (SoftNews NE, 2008). This model, referred to as "Toyopet" became popular and the name was later used to refer to all sedan models. This was one of the earliest communication strategies adopted by Toyota. Toyota built on this to launch a more…
References
Clive, M. a. (2003). Building Brand Loyalty by Improving the Customer Experience. Oracle Corporation online catalog, 33.
Duncan. (2011, October 20). Toyota Camry is Ready. Are You? Retrieved from http://theinspirationroom.com/daily/2011/toyota-camry-is-ready-are-you/
Ford Motor Company. (2011). Ford Launches New A Campaign Targeting African-Americans. Retrieved from www.ford.com: http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=33086
Jack Yan and Associates. (2002). Brand attittude of Automobiles. Retrieved from www.jyanet.com.
Automobile Risk Avoidance Aptitude
Studies of reaction times have been of interest to a wide variety of people for several centuries. Among one of the industries that stands to benefit the most from a more comprehensive understanding of reaction times is the automobile insurance industry, which charges customers premiums based on the risk that they might get into an accident. There is reason to believe that this propensity is directly correlated to reaction time. hereas in simple reaction time experiments, there is only one stimulus and one response, in choice reaction time experiments, the user must give a response that corresponds to the stimulus. This system most closely resembles that of driving. Insurers have found that reaction time is determined as the time required for a driver to perceive a hazard and apply the brakes or turn the steering wheel. As a result, reaction time tests used to measure driving…
Weiss, A.D. 1965. The locus of reaction time change with set, motivation, and age. Journal of Gerontology 20: 60-64.
Welford, A.T. 1980. Choice reaction time: Basic concepts. In A.T. Welford (Ed.), Reaction Times. Academic Press, New York, pp. 73-128.
Woodworth, R.S. And H. Schlosberg. 1954. Experimental Psychology. Henry Holt, New York.
Automobile Drivers be Prohibited from Using Cellular Telephones?
Although penalties vary according to jurisdiction, driving while intoxicated is against the law in all of the 50 states because the practice is known to be dangerous to the perpetrator as well as the general public. Similarly, studies have shown time and again that driving while talking on a cellular telephone or using these devices to text others is as dangerous as driving while intoxicated, but the practice remains legal throughout most of the United States. In response to these trends, though, the federal government along with a growing number of states, have enacted laws that prohibit drivers from using their cellular telephones for texting, but the regulation of cellular telephone use for other purposes largely remains unregulated. Although the case can be made that texting involves far more distraction than simply talking on a cellular phone, the fact remains that anything…
References
Gozzi, R. (2008). The cell phone zone. et Cetera, 65(4), 382-383.
Considering Cell Phone Bans. Contributors: Morgan O'Rourke - author. Magazine Title: Risk Management. Volume: 51. Issue: 10. Publication Date: October 2004. Page Number: 9
Owen, D.G. (1995). Philosophical foundations of tort law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Passen, S. (2010). Commercial drivers prohibited from using cell phones while driving. Passen Law Group. Retrieved from http://www.passenlaw.com/blog/brain-injury-law / commercial-drivers-prohibited-cell-phones-driving.
Industry Analysis Automobile and Motorcycle Manufacturers
A select few companies throughout the history of American capitalism have become iconic figures that are synonymous with the products they sell, and the Harley-Davidson Motor Company has successfully accomplished this rare feat, engraining the moniker "Harley" in the global lexicon as the emblem of premium motorcycles. While today's generation may consider Harley-Davidson to be a monolith without legitimate competition from domestic motorcycle manufacturers, a careful study of the company's history demonstrates the wide array of difficulties which were encountered over more than a century of operation. Harley-Davidson emerged from the Great Depression as one of only two American motorcycle manufactures to maintain operations, despite experiencing significant struggles during this era of forced fiscal restraint. After weathering the first of several intra-industry storms and surviving the Great Depression, in under two decades Harley-Davidson had become the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world, producing more…
References
Baye, M.R. (2010). Managerial economics and business strategy. 7th ed. New York:
McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Elci, C. (2012). Managerial economics: Topic briefs. 3rd ed. London: London South Bank
"Harley-Davidson History Timeline." (2013). Harley-Davidson Motorcycle Company.
1920s / Automobile & Modern Advertising
Perhaps the most famous American novel of the 1920s, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, contains two memorable images. One is the vast billboard by a car repair shop, with a pair of "blue and gigantic" eyes looking through eyeglasses -- it is an advertisement for a professional optometrist, Dr. T.J. Eckleburg. The other is the yellow car that leads to the novel's tragic climax -- when the car strikes and kills the wife of the owner of the auto repair shop, he takes revenge by killing the car's owner, Gatsby, even though he was not the driver. Although the giant advertisement and the fatal automobile are central to the plot of Fitzgerald's 1925 novel, what is astonishing to recollect is how new and revolutionary both advertising and automobiles were for American life in that decade. It is worth considering how these two…
References
Norton, MB; Kamensky, J; Sherriff, C; et al. (2014). A people and a nation: A history of the United States. Independence: Cengage Advantage Books.
Automobile on American Society
There is perhaps no other invention during the twentieth century that had such a profound impact on American society than the automobile. It has become an intricate part of American culture. For many, it is a status symbol of wealth. For others, they believe that the car they drive defines their personality. While for still others, it is simply a means of getting from one location to another. However, no matter how one defines what the automobile symbolizes, it has become an important part of American society and culture.
Before the automobile, people traveled across land by horse or by train, thus living within distance of a train station was important, and the livery stable was one of the most important businesses, much as gas stations are today.
Livery stables often served as an inn for travelers to rest and provided a place to rest or…
Kay, Jane Holtz. "Hell on wheels." Planning. January 01, 1994. Retrieved October 28
Kay, Jane Holtz. "Hell on wheels." Planning. January 01, 1994. Retrieved October 28
Kay, Jane Holtz. "Hell on wheels." Planning. January 01, 1994. Retrieved October 28
Employment rates in the AUTOMOBILE industry from 2007 to 2011
The automobile industry is one of the largest employers of labor in the United Sates employing approximately 880,000 workers, which is about 6.6% of U.S. manufacturing workforce. Overall workforce in the automobile industry includes those working in the assembly plants and motor vehicle manufacturing sectors. Despite the job contribution of the U.S. automobile industry, recent economic decline in the United States has led to the decline in the auto market shares making the major automobile companies working below capacities. Since the beginning of the decade, the automobile industry has laid off approximately 435,000 workers which amount to the 3.3% of all manufacturing jobs in 2008. (Platzer, & Harrison, 2009).
The objective of this paper is to discuss the U.S. employment rates of automobile industry from the second quarter of 2007 to second quarter 2011.
Employment rates in AUTOMOBILE industry from…
References
Bureau of Labor Statistics, (2011). Automotive Industry: Employment, Earnings, and Hours. U.S. Department of labor.
International Trade administration (2010). On the Road: U.S. Automotive Parts Industry Annual Assessment. Office of Transportation and Machinery U.S. Department of Commerce.
Platzer, M.D. & Harrison, G.J. (2009). The U.S. Automotive Industry: National and State Trends in Manufacturing Employment. Congressional Research Service
Thompson, M.F. & Merchant, A.A. (2010). Employment and Economic Growth in the U.S. Automotive Manufacturing Industry: Indiana Business Review: 10-17
growth of the Korean automobile industry in the Unites tates from a trade and finance perspective.
Use eight sources of information.
Korean Auto Industry
Red
To begin an investigation into the Korean automobile industry, we first have to start with some basic facts about the Korean Passenger car Industry. The outh Korean auto industry is the second largest in Asia and has been one of the key growth industries, along with construction, shipping and electronics.
Passenger cars and multi-purpose vehicles (MVPs) are the main transportation mode in outh Korea and is a very competitive industry. Domestic sales of cars and MVPs accounted for over one million units sold last year. In 1944, Kia Motors set up the first assembly plant. Today, there are two main players in this industry -- Hyundai Motor Company and Daewoo Motors. amsung Motors entered the playing field in 2000. The only foreign presence in the…
Sources
http://www.frost.com ."Snapshot of the Korean Passenger Car Industry. August 2002. Http://www.autoindustry.co.uk."South Korea: Market Overview." Trade Partners UK. June, 2001.
American and Korean Interests in the Emerging World Trading System." Alan Wolff. November, 1995.
Korean Automakers Mature and Internationalize." Jong-Yu Ha. Korean Business Review
http://www.in.news.yahoo.com,2003
hybrid automobile will be the focus of research into the motives consumers have for purchasing hybrids. Issues that will be reviewed include psychological and social factors, attitudes, personalities, family, socioeconomic factors and other issues.
History of Hybrid and Electric Autos in the U.S.
The first known electric vehicle was built by Robert Anderson in Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1839. The first known hybrid car was designed in 1898 by Ferdinand Porsche; called the Lohner-Porsche Elektromobil, it could travel 38 miles in electricity alone (Berman, 2007).
Meanwhile in the United States, when the government and consumer advocacy groups began to realize that lead emissions from the exhaust of automobiles contributed a deadly dose of pollution into the air, steps were taken to reduce lead emissions. In 1973, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued new standards that called for "…a gradual reduction of lead emissions from gasoline," according to Curtis and Judy Anderson…
Works Cited
Anderson, Curtis Darrel, Anderson Judy. (2010). Electric and Hybrid Cars: A History. Jefferson,
NC: McFarland Publishing.
Berman, Bradley. (2007). When Old Things Turn Into New Again. The New York Times.
Retrieved December 22, 2012, from http://www.nytimes.com .
microeconomic analysis automobile industry. Eassy:Show favoritism Trade Income Give relationship trade income distribution countries car industry. Give findings suggestions.
Project Plan -- Trade and Income
In the era of globalization, countries strive to capitalize on the opening of boundaries by operating in other regions to benefit from their comparative advantage, but also by selling their products onto various global regions in order to enhance revenues. The economic role of exports is often perceived as positive. Governments and economic agents seek to produce and export as many commodities as possible in order to enhance their competitive positions within the international market, but also to generate more profits. Through this, it is expected that the incomes of the citizens in the respective firms and countries increase.
At a wider scale nonetheless, the relationship between trade and income is more controversial. Carol Letwin (1998) for instance found that trade and exports reduce the…
References:
Cole, D., McAlinden, S., Dziczek, K., Menk, D.M., 2008, CAR research memorandum: the impact on the U.S. economy of a major contraction of the Detroit three automakers, Car Group, http://www.cargroup.org/documents/FINALDetroitThreeContractionImpact_3__001.pdf last accessed on April 28, 2011
Davis, D.R., Trade liberalization and income distribution, Harvard Kennedy School, http://www.cid.harvard.edu/hiid/551.pdf last accessed on April 28, 2011
Freeman, R.B., Katz, L.F., 1995, Differences and changes in wage structures, University of Chicago Press
Letwin, C., 1998, Trade and income distribution in developing countries, http://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/gunwpe/0009.html last accessed on April 28, 2011
Automotive: Reading Log
Adams, B.A., Mercedes-Benz Club of America Fifty Years of History 1956-2006. Nashville, Tenn: Turner Publishing Company, 2007; page 4-107 (103 pages read).
If there is any car that has a rich history in as far as progressive look is concerned, it has to be Daimler’s Mercedes Benz. Like Bentley, Mercedes Benz also remains one of my all-time favorite automobiles. From the onset, it is important to note that the first thing that jumped at me when I started reading the text was that the author is more of a story teller. This is more so the case given that this does not feel like a technical book despite the incorporation of diverse details about the make and build of various models over the last 50 years, as well as the inclusion of sections on the chief officers of the firm and its affiliates and clubs over the…
globalization and a global economy, accompanied by a certain commercial liberalization, allows for something which influences not only the automobile industry, but most industries as well: outsourcing. The example presented in the case study was quite eloquent: in Canada, workers in the automobile industry are more efficient for a lower salary. The example is remarkable, because it refers to another industrialist, strong economy and not to a third world economy. So, as a first pointer for management practices, we need to refer to the outsourcing solution as one of the best ways to decrease overall costs and, possibly, to realize scale economies.
On the other hand, globalization brings about a concerning issue in terms of human resource: cultural differences. The decision to move production to a facility in Canada is less problematic: Canada has similar behaviors and cultural traditions, while English is widely spoken throughout the country. What happens, if,…
Cars and driving are emblems of American culture, and have defined American lifestyle and identity. American cities are built around the car, and so is the urban and suburban sprawl. It is no small coincidence, therefore, that both Flannery O'Connor and Dagoberto Gilb use a car as a central symbol in their short stories. In O'Connor's "A Good Man is Hard to Find," a road trip turns deadly when the family runs into a group of escaped convicts on their way to Florida. Florida makes a brief appearance in Gilb's short story, "Love in L.A.," too, as protagonist Jake mistakes Mariana's heritage for being Cuban since her license plates are from Florida. Like "A Good Man is Hard to Find," "Love in L.A." centers around cars and driving as the central motifs, but in Gilb's story, the ending is not gruesome. Although "Love in L.A." And "A Good Man is…
Works Cited
Gilb, Dagoberto. "Love in L.A."
O'Connor, Flannery. "A Good Man is Hard to Find." Retrieved online: http://pegasus.cc.ucf.edu/~surette/goodman.html
CARS Data Criteria and the Literature Review
All of the data was taken from professional, peer reviewed journals, or scholarly dissertations that have been submitted in the pursuit of doctorate in nursing. All of these sites fulfill the CARS criteria regarding the data points.
However, this is not enough in graduate school. While the CARS research mostly surrounds Online sites, professional journals, theses, or dissertations can also be biased. The authors can also have hidden agendas. In addition, they can also have more subtle biases and defects. For instance, they can have faults in their research that are subtle and unintended. This is known as selection bias. In the professional literature about healthcare interventions do the following: "selection bias refers to systematic differences between comparison groups in prognosis or responsiveness to treatment." In outfield, unlike many others in academia is especially critical because it can result in the death or…
Liberty Mutual.
Evaluate their product mix, features, prices, distribution and financial performance information
• Identify 2 strengths and two weaknesses for each brand
• Recommend at least two ways that Liberty Mutual can improve sales and profitability for its car insurance business.
Please could you add another weakness for Geico
Expand more in Liberty Mutual
Add and compare prices for both.
And include features
Auto insurance isn't the easiest thing to understand and when choosing which insurance to go to, it is hard to find which company is best suited for you. Geico and Liberty Mutual are two of the biggest names in insurance. Both companies are widely trusted. In order for one to pick an insurance to go with you must evaluate their features, product mix, discounts, services and customer rating that benefits and matters most to you.
Geico
GEICO was founded in 1936 and is the second-largest private…
People's Car Tata Nano
Financial, political and marketing/business commentators alike seem to agree that the Tata Nano, the planet's cheapest car, was a perfect match between an idea and a need when it was introduced -- or at least as a manufacturing idea. Making the smallest of small cars could happen because the timing was right for pairing just such an idea with the quickly emerging appreciation of frugal engineering innovations, or using sophisticated technologies and motivations to make a product that is affordable and helpful to the global economy and ecology. [1: "Stuck in low gear." The Economist. Aug. 20, 2011. http://www.economist.com/node/21526374 accessed January 15, 2012. ] [2: Sadanad Dhume. "Unloved at any speed." Foreign Policy. October 7, 2011. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/07/tata_nano_unloved_at_any_speed accessed January 15, 2012. ]
It was for this reason that the project came to life as quickly as it did. It seemed to be the perfect mix of…
promoting fuel efficient cars, establishing green spaces or forestry, random emission testing, and encouraging alternative transportation, walking, and bicycle use. The total cost is $15.5 M.
Fuel efficient cars
Fuel efficient cars not only reduces pollution but I chose it due to the fact that it is also a good option given today's rising gas prices.
Fuel efficient cars come in 2 categories -- electric and water. What this means is that these cars substitute gas -- which pollutes the atmosphere -- with either electricity or water or hydroxyl.
Hybrid cars are healthier for the environment since they combine gas and water (or electricity) producing lower emissions. They also reduce dependence on fossil fuel which is the main source of fuel today.(Future-Method.com)
The trade-offs of fuel efficient cars are first and foremost price. That, however, can be overcome by compelling distributors to lower the price by making it a more…
Sources
Future-Method. Fuel Efficient Hybrid Cars -- Initiatives to Reduce Pollution. http://www.futuremethod.org/418/fuel-efficient-hybrid-cars-initiatives-to-reduce-pollution
The benefits of alternative transportation http://www.scdhec.gov/administration/library/CR-007047.pdf
Supnithadnaporn, (2007), Do Vehicles Passing Emission Test Pollute Less-Georgia Institute of Technology http://www.spp.gatech.edu/faculty/WOPRpapers/AnupitWOPRFinal.pdf
Hot Rod
Car Enthusiasts
hat will future hold for the hot rod and all those who love them so dearly?
The car has been long an emblem or icon of freedom. ith the invention of automobile and later the mass production of the car, the lifestyle for the average American definitely changed. No longer was anyone tethered to the location in which they were raised. People were now free to explore, in comfort, the world at large. It didn't take long at all for the car to become integrated with all facets of popular culture. However, various subcultures also developed right along with the automobile. One of these subcultures also found another form of freedom -- freedom of expression.
After II, the United States developed a strong middle class. In fact, this was arguably the strongest middle class in all of history. As a result of this development there were…
Works Cited
Hardin, D. "Can They Outlaw Hot Rodding?" 10 December 2010. Hot Rod Magazine. Web. 1 May 2012.
IBIS World. "Auto Customization Shops in the U.S. - Industry Market Research Report." 1 February 2012. Market Research. Web. 1 May 2012.
SAN. "Promoting Legislative Solutions for the Automotive Hobby." 2012. SEMA Action Network. Web. 1 May 2012.
SEMA. "Leading Manufactures Pitch in Parts for Charity Mustang GT." 2010. SEMA. Web. 1 May 2012.
Car Culture: How and Why "Ricers" Came into The Scene
Since the advent of cars, people have always wanted to play around with them and make modifications of their own preferences. Car modification has been taking place ever since we started manufacturing vehicles and the reason has been varied. There are some who did it for prowess or just for some mischief. For example, NASCAR evolved from the building of super-fast cars that were mostly a result of bootlegging. The initial modifications that people would perform on their vehicles were mainly conducted due to criminal activities. In the old cars, there was no matching of cars to engine numbers, transmission, or body frame. This made it possible for thieves to change engines and repaint a vehicle, which in turn meant they have a new car. This car modification was referred to as hot rodding. However, all this changed when the…
Lotus ental Car's CFO feasibility adding alternative fuel vehicles fleet
The problem of switching to a more fuel efficient car, especially ones that are considered non-polluting will arise for all tourist and individual car owners. The reason is the rising cost of fossil fuels and the actions of environmentalists and other powers that try and curb the use of fossil fuels and cars in many places. While the operators have some more breathing time, it can be predicted that in the near future there will be a forced shift to hybrid cars, electric vehicles and non-fuel-based vehicles in all sectors of the world. The automotive industry is itself gearing up for the change. One factor that has made the automobile producers take to producing hybrid vehicles and electric and other fuel vehicles is primarily the costs of fuel as is obtained now. The rising cost in fuel has made automobile…
References
Baker, Linda. (2006) "The Service Economy: Car Sharing Is the New Consumer Model." E
Magazine, vol. 17, no. 2, pp: 16-18.
Becker, Helmut. (2006) "High noon in the automotive industry"
Springer.
New Car Rental Property Proposal
Despite the proliferation of ride-sharing services such as Lyft and Uber, the rental car industry continues to thrive, with average fleet sizes and revenues experiencing significant increases since 2015 (2016 U.S. car rental market, 2017). One market location that is well positioned for a new non-franchise car rental enterprise is Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (OKC) which hosts a world-class international airport, the Will Rogers World Airport, located just 6 miles from the city's downtown. This paper provides an overview of the U.S. car rental market and a description of the basic business model that will be used by the new car rental enterprise which will be known as Stardust Car Rentals. In addition, a description of four performance measures, data collection methods and how the data will be used is followed by an outline and analysis of two cost-benefit decisions that will have to be considered.…
Use of electricity a d heat production is to systemize this process (.Nurettin Demirdoven, 13 Aug. 2004)
In contract Hybrid and fuel vehicles are efficient plus its engine is conventional with internal combustion. Fuel vehicles which consume hydrogen from fossil fuels dose not offer efficient energy with an advantage to operate an urban drive cycle used by hybrid vehicles. However, priority is mostly given to hybrid vehicles by government and various industries. In Addition, One of a famous company, Honda has released its Honda hybrid car in 2007 namely Honda Civic Compact Sedan. This car is made on the basis of new technology for saving gas. This car generally operates with three features including battery pack, gas powered engine and an electric motor to save its energy. There is also a full hybrid car which consists of the same major features mentioned above. Honda's hybrid car can easily be powered…
Because of its hip European style, its environmentally-conscious image, its fuel economy, and its novelty, the Smart Car will appeal to a large segment of American consumers.
Proposals for marketing the Smart Car in the United States:
The Smart Car will appeal mostly to consumers in urban and semi-suburban areas. Therefore, marketing should be targeted at that segment of the population.
I have no recommendations for product adaptations to the two-seater Smart Car. However, I strongly recommend that Daimler-Chrysler introduce the SUV model of the Smart Car because of the American obsession with the SUV. The SUV Smart Car will appeal to Americans who don't want the stigma of driving an SUV but who at the same time need the extra space.
The Smart Car will appeal to all ages and genders but will be best marketed toward well-educated consumers, college students, and persons of a liberal political philosophy.
The…
Works Cited
Llanos, Miguel. "Europe's 'smart' cars coming to U.S. -- in 2 sizes." MSNBC. Aug 31, 2004. Retrieved Nov. 8, 2005 at http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5217861/
Smart USA. Retrieved Nov. 8, 2005 at http://www.usa.smart.com/brand/index.html
Auto epair
Car repair is the process of diagnosing the car problem to identify the fault within the car. While the cars manufactured before 2000 requires special tools to be repaired, however, the computer technology has been increasingly used to diagnose and repair many newly manufactured cars. Before mechanics start the repairing of cars, they often quote the prices for customers before starting the repairing work. To repair the car, mechanic uses both electronic methods to gather data in order to replace the faulty materials in the vehicle. A mechanic diagnoses the car and identifies the problem within the car before starting the repairing work. There are two approaches used to diagnose a faulty car:
Use of a repair manual
elying on one's analysis
Use of computer technology
A repair manual is a book that assists an auto mechanic to identify the problems within a car. The repair manual consists…
References
Alberta Canada (2012). General Practitioners and Family Physicians. Government of Alberta. Canada.
Armenia Development Agency (2010). Jewelry and Gemstone Overview. Armenia.
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People are typically inclined to think that a product becomes less expensive once it enters mass production. However, this is not the case with hydrogen powered cars, as it will still be expensive to produce the fuel and to make cars capable to run on it. Gasoline burning-vehicles are likely to be replaced with cars using alternative sources of energy in the near future, only that hydrogen is improbable to become widespread in the coming years (in contrast to other alternative fuels) (Behar).
Hydrogen fuel cells are less effective in terms of space, given that they are much larger than an ordinary gas tank ("Hydrogen Car Gears Up" 23).
Most people are unaware that hydrogen is not found on earth in a normal form and that it has to be extracted from other sources. A great amount of energy is used when hydrogen is extracted from other sources and the…
Steinbugler, Margaret M. And Williams, Robert H. "Beyond Combustion: Fuel Cell Cars for the 21st Century," Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy 13.4 (1998)
"How Soon for Hydrogen?," Issues in Science and Technology Summer 2004
"Hydrogen Car Gears Up," Daily Post (Liverpool, England) 18 July 2007: 23
Banning Smoking in Cars With Children: Moral and Legal Issues
Five states in America, Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Maine and Oregon, and also Puerto ico -- have made it a crime to smoke in cars when children are there, and more states are considering the adoption of this legislation as well. For instance, other nations such as Canada, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates are also leaning towards such a ban. The ban is viewed as beneficial in the sense that it not only protects children but it also minimizes the amount of accidents which will be derived from cigarette-related distractions, such as lighting, ashing or dropping them while driving (ash.org). However, the biggest impetus for this legislation is the desire to protect all innocent children from exposure to the hazards which are inherently connected to cigarettes and cigarette smoke. One of the inherent necessities of this issue is in…
References
Ash.org. (n.d.). Smoking Should be Banned in Cars Whenever Children are Present. Retrieved from Ash.org: http://ash.org/carsmoking
Brown, A. (2014, Jan 29). Banning smoking in cars is wrong: where would it end? Retrieved from telegraph.co.uk: http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/andrewmcfbrown/100257222/banning-smoking-in - cars-is-wrong-where-would-it-end/
Healthday. (2013, July 23). Poll: U.S. Adults Support Smoking Ban in Cars With Kids. Retrieved from usnews.com: http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2013/07/23/poll- us-adults-support-smoking-ban-in-cars-with-kids
Jarvie, J., & Malone, R. (2008). Children's Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Private Homes and Cars: An Ethical Analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 2140 -- 2145.
Various smart vehicle and smart highway technologies and systems offer tremendous potential for improving road and vehicular safety. Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) have already been developed in the United States and Japan, also called Road Transport Informatics (RTI) in Europe (Collier and Weiland, 1994, p. 27). Smart highways are also referred to as Automated Vehicle Highway Systems (AVHS) or Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The lack of global consensus on what to call smart driving and smart highways reflects the burgeoning nature and broad gamut of technologies that need to be further developed and integrated into standardized systems. The most important of the IVHS systems involve both vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) technologies. Both V2V and V2I technologies capitalize on software and hardware systems that have already been integrated into many newer automobiles, such as GPS and WiFi. Some systems also require Dedicated Short Range Communication…
emotional positioning stategies. Maketing Intelligence & Planning, 23(1), 9-29.
Philip Kotle, & David Getne. (2002). County as band, poduct, and beyond: A place maketing and band management pespective. Jounal of Band Management, 9(4/5), 249-261.
Matin, Bidget, & Simintias, Antonis C. (1995). The impact of geen poduct lines on the envionment: Does what they know affect how they feel? Maketing Intelligence & Planning, 13(4), 16.
Keith Naughton. (2007, Octobe). An Electic Deam: THE $98,000 Tesla Roadste aims to be the ultimate geen ca. Will it succeed?. Newsweek, 150(18), E6.
Jason D. Olive, & Seung-Hee Lee. (2010). Hybid ca puchase intentions: a coss-cultual analysis. The Jounal of Consume Maketing, 27(2), 96-103.
Potheo, A., McDonagh, P., & Dobscha, S.. (2010). Is Geen the New Black? Reflections on a Geen Commodity Discouse. Jounal of Macomaketing, 30(2), 147.
Sangkapichai, M., & Saphoes, J.. (2009). Why ae Califonians inteested in hybid cas? Jounal of Envionmental Planning…
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Furlow, N.. (2010). Greenwashing in the New Millennium. The Journal of Applied Business and Economics: Special Issue, 10(6), 22-25.
Patrick Hartmann, Vanessa Apoalaza Ibanez, & F. Javier Forcada Sainz. (2005). Green branding effects on attitude: functional vs. emotional positioning strategies. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 23(1), 9-29.
Philip Kotler, & David Gertner. (2002). Country as brand, product, and beyond: A place marketing and brand management perspective. Journal of Brand Management, 9(4/5), 249-261.
A In this example, the equilibrium price and quantity is $6 and 81 pizzas.
b. If the price was above $6, there would be too much supply and not enough demand. The market for pizzas would move towards equilibrium, however. Pizza suppliers would have excess capacity. They would address this issue two ways. First, they would take steps to reduce capacity, for example a pizza maker could go out of business. Second, the pizza makers would lower their prices in order to stimulate demand and fill out the excess capacity. In this way, the price of pizza would be reduced through competition, and the supply of pizza would also be reduced as inefficient operators lose money and quit the business. As the price of pizza comes down, more buyers will enter the market. This will result in an increase in demand for pizzas. The total result of this is that…
Alternative Fuel cars
The best way that we can approach this complex subject is by differentiating the different types of fuels that the cars use since each fuel requires a different type of car and each fuel, accordingly, has its particular advantages and disadvantage.
Biodiesel cars-
Biodiesal vehicles combine petroleum gasoline with vegetable oils. Their benefits lie in the fact that these fuels produce fewer carbon emissions and reduced harmful particulates than does regular fuel. Biodiesel is more cost-effective for drivers than is standard fuel and is also more energy-efficient in its production.
On the other hand, biodiesel fuel is more expensive than standard gasoline aside from the fact that its production would take up vast tracts of land, and farmers may be encouraged to replace food crop planting with biodiesel plants.
Ethanol cars
Ethanol-fueled cars are driven by a combination f gasoline and a grain-based propellant. There are various…
Air Bags in Cars
The Politics of Air Bags
Air bags weren't always in cars. They have come about as a fairly recent development, and the rise of the air bag was due to politics. hile this may sound strange, many things that individuals take for granted today have come about because special interest groups were concerned about a specific aspect of public policy or public safety. These individuals or groups then worked to change laws or to have laws enacted that made the world, in their opinion, a better place.
The purpose of this paper is to examine air bags from a political standpoint. In other words, the goal of this paper is not to make a judgment as to whether air bags in cars are good or bad, but rather to look at the political changes that caused them to come about in the first place.
In order…
Works Cited
Carter, Craig C. "Politics & Policy: Air Bags Puff On. Carmakers are installing them as federal rules requiring passive restraints look certain." Fortune 9 December 1985: 135.
Healey, James R & Jayne O'Donnell. "Air bag fatalities shock backers into soul-searching." USA Today 8 July 1996: 02B.
Lambrecht, Bill. "Who is He? Ashcroft gets hard questions, some jokes about obscurity on New Hampshire swing." St. Louis Post-Dispatch 12 August 1997: 01A.
Leavitt, Paul. "Air bags save lives." USA Today 5 November 1996: 14A.
Electric and Self-Driving Cars
Both the electric car trend and the self-driving car initiative may be considered fads that in the long run are simply untenable. Autonomous cars present numerous safety obstacles that are currently not being addressed, and the electric car phenomenon presents numerous obstacles as well. Currently it is a niche market: increasing power to the electric car and making it equal to gas-powered vehicles is a substantial obstacle, and a solution—expanding the number of electric vehicle charge points—needs to become part of the infrastructural horizon. In the UK, this solution is already being applied, as Murray (2016) shows: charge points are set to outnumber petrol stations in the United Kingdom by 2020.
However, much of the rest of global society is affected by the autonomous car in only a marginal way: if they are ever allowed to proceed into the mass market it will be a different…
There are more BMW's and Porches being driven than Maserati. Position as a unique and superb driving machine, and extension of personality. Never call it a car.
Brand leadership -- Emphasize hand crafted and unmatched quality. Brand has been known for decades as unmatchable.
Head on positioning -- Emphasis on not really an apples-to-apples comparison; emphasize specs and luxury differences. FOCUS on innovation. Use statistics of the number of BMW and Porche's sold, then compare with that special person -- make user believe they are purchasing an investment worthy of a King.
Lifestyle Positioning -- Use purchase to boost image and exert success
Cost -- Not really as much of an issue at this range; but simply indicate that only special people can handle this vehicle; all routine maintenance will be covered in full for 5-years. Treat client like VIP.
Positioning venues -- Purchase list of high-end executives and send…
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IX. Plan of implementation
The implementation plan should have several different parts. The first part is the analysis. The decision has been made to relocate some of the plants from locations with high labor and production costs to countries where these costs are lower. The analysis will need to show which each of these countries are. The idea is that the new countries will need to have some of the characteristics that serve company interest. These would include being close to markets where the products are sod or, if it is the same country, a sufficient purchasing power for the customers in the new locations.
The action plan or actual implementation plan should follow. The implementation plan will include dates and times when things are being moved, prices, for goods that are being auctioned and no longer retained in the new locations, personnel that will need to move to the…
Enterprise Car ental
What practices at Enterprise ent-a-Car demonstrate that they value their employees?
The founder of the company, Jack Taylor started out with the simple yet powerful motto "take care of your customers and your employees first and growth and profits will follow." (EAC, 2012) The company when started in 1957 was predicted to be a failure because leasing cars did not exist then as a business. The CEO then took the initiative in leasing cars, which has become common now. In the decades that followed cars began to be rented even on a day-to-day basis and today the CEO and president is Pam Nicholson who is a person not from the Taylor family. She has been declared one of the most powerful women in the world by Forbes. While the motto of the founder is carefully nurtured even today, additionally the company provides an inclusive workplace and better…
References
ERAC. (2012) "Enterprise company website" Retrieved 7 April, 2012 from http://www.erac.com/our-culture/diversity.aspx
Fairholm, Gilbert W. (2001) "Mastering Inner Leadership."
Quorum Books: Westport, CT.
Kossek, Ellen Ernst; Lambert, Susan J. (2005) "Work and Life Integration: Organizational,
CARS WERE BANNED IN U.S.
Physical mobility is perhaps one of the most-crucial components in sociology; it defines what happens when people of a different culture interacts. In ideal circumstances, our personal movement is limited, and the scope of interaction will be limited to our community thanks to the discovery of automobiles. In the wake of modern automobiles, people from all walks of lives have interacted at higher and lower level; the result has been an incredible national cohesion and social acceptance. In addition, the governance, commerce and other spheres of lives have been facilitated by the diverse modes of transport. It would be unimaginable to live without automobiles; their absence will have profound effects on social, cultural and economic aspects of life.
Firstly, without automobiles, social interaction will be greatly hampered, multicultural interaction, and sociological progress of U.S. society will remain behind. Certainly, transport is a crucial tool for…
S. market. Instead of purchasing millions of dollars in research, Japanese manufacturers will often send their engineering and development teams to a foreign nation to study not just market conditions, but also the nuances of a given customer base as well (Aldridge, 1990). This will allow for greater insights into unmet needs, including the need to see the foreign manufacturers as being a contributor, not detractor, to national welfare. Toyota and Honda did this exceptionally well, as does Panasonic and Samsung with Google Android smartphones today.
2. Do you feel that there is really any difference, in a consumer's mind, between a Toyota Camry manufactured in the United States and an identical Camry that was manufactured in Japan but sold in the United States?
The indirect answer is that it depends on the individual consumer and their perceptual biases. From those consumers with a high level of ethnocentric mindsets, then…
References
Aldridge, D.N. (1990). Marketing strategy: The Japanese Approach. Marketing and Research Today, 18(4), 239.
Genestre, a., Herbig, P., & Shao, a.T. (1995). What does marketing really mean to the Japanese? Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 13(9), 16.
Halfhill, D.S. (1980). Multinational marketing strategy: Implications of attitudes toward country of origin. Management International Review, 20(4), 26.
hour car ride; regarding whom I would choose and why.
I have been extremely interested in the functionalities and technicalities inherent to the world of business ever since the time that I came to realize the essentiality that businesses have in regard to the world that we live in. One of the things that has become most apparent to me regarding my idea of an ideally effectual degree of business know-how has been the concept that only in so much as absolutely understanding the characteristics of the marketing within it is operating can a particular business ensure any degree of market success.
This is the primary reason due to which I would prefer to select Jack Welch and Bill Gates as two of my companions to accompany me upon a hypothetical car ride lasting for 72 hours. Both of the men are monumental names in the business sector; in fact…
Customer oles
At least three customer roles are needed for a marketplace transaction: (Ibid)
1. Buying, choosing a particular product or service;
2. Closing sale by paying for product or service;
3. Consuming or using product or service.
Subsequently, one customer may be a buyer, a payer, or a user; or each of these roles may be filled by an organization; various individuals; or different departments. During the process of transforming a showroom visitor to a used car buyer, it is vital to note that if a seller does not cater to each of these three roles, he may loose the customer.
Insuring a used car's features are the ones the potential customer has in mind and that the vehicle will best satisfy the user's want or need has to be a primary goal of a seller.
The payer role is equally important as without a payer a sale will…
References
Allen & Unwin. Dividends of Fear: America's $94 Billion Arab Market Export Loss. (2003, July/August). Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, 22, IM1+.
Ambah, Faiza Saleh. "Saudi women recall a day of driving; Women who protested in 1990 reunite as debate over women drivers returns.(WORLD)," The Christian Science Monitor, December 7, 2005.
AUTO PARTS AND SERVICE EQUIPMENT (APS)." (2006). U.S. Commercial Service. Retrieved 22 August 2006. from: https://www.buyusa.gov/saudiarabia/en/120.html.
Boorstinm, Daniel J. (1996). The Columbia World of Quotations. New York: ColumbiaUniversity Press. Retrieved 23 August 2006 at http://www.bartleby.com/66/81/7781.html .
2007 Economic Crisis on American Car market
Effect of the 2008 global economic crisis on automotive industries
Crisis in the United States
Crisis in Canada
Crisis in ussia
Crisis in European markets
Crisis in Asian markets
Effects by other related crisis events
In this paper, we will review the effects of 2008 global automotive crisis. Our main focus will be on the American car manufacturers and the negative impact they suffered due to the crisis. We will also have a look at how this crisis had affected car manufacturers in other major markets around the world notably Europe, Canada and the prominent Asian markets such as China and India. Finally, we will look at some of the other factors which were important to this event namely the energy crisis since the cost of fuel is directly related to the car industry.
Introduction
The automobile industry is a very important part…
References
Lee, C. (2003). Financial Liberalization and Economic Crisis in Asia. New York: Routledge.
Pempel, T.J. (1999). The Politics of Asian Economic Crisis. New York: Cornell University Press.
Arestis, P. (2001). What Global Economic Crisis? New York: Palgrave.
Liou, K.T. (2002). Managing Economic Development in Asia. Westport, CT: Praeger.
The process would then need to continue so that the changes that can be seen in the environment can also affect the changes in entry strategies.
Environmental factors, economic factors, political/legal factors, social/cultural factors and also technological factors should all be considered. The legal factors that need to be addressed include issues in employee law, monopolies and mergers legislation, environmental protection laws, and wider issues such as foreign trade regulations. The political factors refer to the stability of the government. The taxation policy, the government spending, the relationship that the government has with other countries, and the industrial policy and all issues should be considered.
The economic factors that need to be addressed refer to inflation, disposable income, unemployment, business cycles, GNP growth rates, interest rates, exchange rates, energy, and the basic prices for raw materials. Factors from cultural and social standpoints include population demographics, the income distribution, what levels…
Bibliography
Altman, E. & Kao, D.L. (1991). Corporate Bond Rating Drift: An Examination of Rating Agency Credit Quality Changes Over Time. New York University-Salomon Brothers Working Paper S-91-40.
Billet, M. (1996). Targeting Capital Structure: The Relationship Between Risky Debt and the Firm's Likelihood of Being Acquired. Journal of Business.
Ederington, L., Yawitz, J., & Roberts, B. (1987). The Information Content of Bond Ratings. Journal of Financial Research 10, 3 (fall): 211-26.
Kaplan, R. & Urwitz, G. (1979). Statistical Models of Bond Ratings: A Methodological Inquiry. Journal of Business 52, 2: 231-61.
These include:
Used car sales
Increasing trend of car sharing
Weakened U.S. tourism industry ("Enterprise")
The sale of used cars by other organizations is a significant threat to Enterprise. Many of the world's largest car manufacturers, like Daimler Chrysler, General Motors, and Ford, are offering large incentives and low interest financing through their dealers on new vehicle purchases. For this reason, it makes owning a new vehicle more affordable for more consumers and conversely weakens used car pricing industry wide. This could be devastating for Enterprise with their traditional procedure of acquiring new vehicles and then disposing of them through their used car outlets. To date, Enterprise has enjoyed higher resale values on their vehicles, when compared to standard residual value, due to their consistent level of maintenance service. However, in recent years this margin between the vehicle sale price and the residual value has narrowed considerably, especially as used…
References
1957. 2006. Enterprise Rent-A-Car. November 13, 2006 http://aboutus.enterprise.com/who_we_are/milestones.html.
1962. 2006. Enterprise Rent-A-Car. November 13, 2006 http://aboutus.enterprise.com/who_we_are/milestones.html.
1969. 2006. Enterprise Rent-A-Car. November 13, 2006 http://aboutus.enterprise.com/who_we_are/milestones.html.
1970. 2006. Enterprise Rent-A-Car. November 13, 2006 http://aboutus.enterprise.com/who_we_are/milestones.html.
Values and the Automobile Market
In the last decade, the luxury car segment became one of the most competitive in the automobile market. Many American consumers who purchase luxury cars prefer imports from Germany and Japan.
A marketing vice president with General Motors once commented, "Import-committed buyers have been frustrating to us." This type of thinking has led industry analysts to argue that to successfully compete in the luxury car segment, U, S, carmakers need to develop better understanding of the consumers so that they can better segment the market and better position their products via more effective advertising. Insight into the foreign-domestic luxury car choice may result from examining owners' personal values in addition to their evaluations of car attributes, because luxury cars, like many other conspicuously consumed luxury products, may be purchased mainly for value-expressive reasons.
Industry analysts believe it would be important to assess whether personal values…
Management of a Mini
Management in the Car Industry
Assume you are a senior manager at Ford. Your boss has just asked you this question: "That Mini is doing so well-why didn't we think of it?" How might you respond?
The shift to small cars in the automobile industry is a concern. Additionally, given the current trends in the rising cost of fuel demand for small cars will outstrip demand for big cars. The U.S. Automobile industry has been over the years characterized by a preference for big cars. This preference is highly attached to the American consumer culture. This situation makes a sudden switch by an automobile company to small cars somewhat like a wild-goose-chase (Kohler and Keller 710). Because motor vehicle production needs to be reflective of consumer needs, Ford could not have taken a sudden switch to small car manufacture.
The shift towards the new models for…
Works Cited
George, S.D. "The Capabilities of Market-Driven Organizations." Journal of Marketing 58.1 (2004): 36-41. Print.
Kohler, P., and K. Keller. Marketing Management. (14th Ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ: Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012. Print.
uy a Care
Analyze uy a Car
For millions of people, the chance to buy a new car is an opportunity to experience the latest in automotive technology, with that sense of excitement. However, the different economic challenges have meant that auto sales would go into a four-year downtrend until last year. As sales increased by 11% in 2010, the highest number in 16 months. (Spenser, 2011)This is important, because it is showing how buying a new car will often depend upon the underlying economic conditions. As a result, this means that many consumers are unaware of how to effectively find the right automobile. Part of the reason for this is because of: a lack of experience in buying new cars over the last several years and a host of innovations in technology. As a result, all consumers must use proven tactics, to find the right new car that will…
Bibliography
10 Steps to Buying a New Car. (2002). Edmunds. Retrieved from: http://www.edmunds.com/car-buying/10-steps-to-buying-a-new-car.html
Buying a New Car. (2010). Auto Trader. Retrieved from: http://www.autotrader.co.uk/advice/2010/07/buying/buying-a-new-car
Buying a New Car. (2010). Guardian. Retrieved from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2008/jun/16/motoring.consumeraffairs
Car Buying Advice. (2011). Consumer Reports. Retrieved from: http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/cars/car-buying-advice/guide-to-new-car-buying/pricing/getting-the-best-price/
In retrospect, the argument could have been made that the Chevrolet Cavalier was very old and was not worth $3,000, even with a brand-new windshield, horn and the maintenance agreement worth $300. A counter-offer a $2,500 could have been proposed and negotiations could have continued until Archie conceded a few more dollars or the deal broke down. As noted above, though, a secondary objective was to successfully complete the negotiations in an efficient fashion, and this knock-down, dragged-out approach was not deemed appropriate or even potentially effective since Archie had made some valid points concerning the expenses involved in repairing the vehicle to my satisfaction. In sum, both parties to this negotiation received most of what they wanted and the car has performed admirably to this day.
Reflective Analysis
Both of my previous cars had been purchased from friends or relatives, and this was my first experience with a real,…
The final outcome that resulted from the above-described negotiations was the purchase of a 1996 Chevrolet Cavalier with a repaired horn and brand-new windshield from Archie's Used Cars and Trucks for $3,000 cash, a price that also included a 6-month maintenance warranty and, as it turned out, a new set of jumper cables the dealer threw in for free (the schmoozing about Archie's football days paid off it seems). In retrospect, the argument could have been made that the Chevrolet Cavalier was very old and was not worth $3,000, even with a brand-new windshield, horn and the maintenance agreement worth $300. A counter-offer a $2,500 could have been proposed and negotiations could have continued until Archie conceded a few more dollars or the deal broke down. As noted above, though, a secondary objective was to successfully complete the negotiations in an efficient fashion, and this knock-down, dragged-out approach was not deemed appropriate or even potentially effective since Archie had made some valid points concerning the expenses involved in repairing the vehicle to my satisfaction. In sum, both parties to this negotiation received most of what they wanted and the car has performed admirably to this day.
Reflective Analysis
Both of my previous cars had been purchased from friends or relatives, and this was my first experience with a real, live used car dealer, a profession that has been vilified time and again in the mainstream media and by stand-up comics. Indeed, Richard Nixon was a used car salesman before he became the first president to resign, and the image endures. Therefore, perhaps the most important lesson learned from this car-purchasing experience was that not all used car salespeople are deceptive monsters that are only out to gouge the unsuspecting consumer, but that forewarned is forearmed when it comes to buying any used vehicle. The research that was conducted preparatory to the negotiations was highly useful in persuading the dealer to throw in a maintenance contract for free, for example, and despite some isolated consumer reports concerning poor experiences with these vehicles, the preponderance of such reports were positive. These steps helped to improve my negotiating position, but they were not sufficient to overcome the legitimate counterpoints that were made by the dealer. A significant weakness that was discerned during these negotiations, though, was just how uncomfortable the whole process can be for the novice and that the concepts that have been learned in class can be used to keep the "eye on the prize" in many cases, people can become so angry or frustrated during the negotiating process that they lose sight of what they are really after, but by focusing on the best alternative to a negotiated agreement, even novice car buyers can achieve their primary objectives, including being treated fairly and honestly.
Bias Critique
Thackery, John. "ybrid autos REV up: but will SUV-addicted buyers opt for an environmentally friendly car that saves on gas but commands a premium price?" Electronic Business: Automotive Electronics. Oct 2002 v28 i10 pp. 64(5)
Even before reading the article, "ybrid autos REV up" an informed consumer of the media should know that quite often automobile and electronics magazines are highly favorable of the industries they chronicle. The industry is essentially their 'bread and butter' of such magazines -- i.e. without cars, fancy car gadgets, and car aficiandos, there would be no audiences for such segmented magazines. The credentials of John Thackery, the article's author, are not immediately obvious, but the article's title "ybrid autos REV up: but will SUV-addicted buyers opt for an environmentally friendly car that saves on gas but commands a premium price?" suggests a highly positive slant is being given to the vehicles, for…
However, the article does provide credible statistical evidence to suggest the car's popularity, noting "Toyota has sold a total of 100,000 of all types of HEVs worldwide in the last five years and boasts that it will crank out 300,000 HEVs annually by 2005, as more car buyers show a preference for lower emissions and better mileage." As further testimony to the likely future popularity of the cars it also notes as well that in addition to Toyota, Honda and Nissan have also begun to offer hybrid cars. Other automotive manufacturers plan to introduce electric cars in the next few years, including Ford, General Motors and Daimler Chrysler. All of these manufactures, incidentally, have linked advertisements to this article on the World Wide Web.
The intended audience of this article, however, is clearly more interested in the car's purported power than environmental impact. Although the article does quote a director of alternative power technologies at J.D. Power & Associates, Westlake Village, who notes "the total HEV industry could be as large as one-half-million units by 2007," instead the author is more keen to emphasizes that forward-thinking car makers are "building a new breed of HEVs with smaller sticker premiums and more modest emission-reduction and mileage-enhancement targets." Thackery gently mocks the Toyota Prius, for example, stating that the car "sells on its appeal as a statement of the driver's environmental piety," but the more revved up HEVs, of the future, which are incidentally are more likely to be made by American car manufacturers, "are more attuned to market realities in a country where gas guzzling is an accepted addiction. 'If you do the math, you can see that we can actually save significantly more fuel converting a 20-mpg vehicle into a hybrid than a 30-mpg vehicle, especially if it's a vehicle that sells in high volumes, not a niche vehicle,'" one GM executive is quoted as saying, in defense of GM's future, more modest emissions standards for its electronic vehicles, in contrast to the Toyota Prius.
Thus, the article overall presents solid and credible information about how hybrid cars work, and their burgeoning popularity. But this American car and electronic niche magazine, aimed at car and gadget aficionados rather than the average cost-conscious middle class American car consumer may be too quick to sneer at the petite and cost-conscious hybrids such as the Prius, and too quick to endorse the more mildly conservationist and conserving 'mild-HEVs' that American manufactures plan to make in the future. Although its information its solid, its tone must be regarded with a pinch of proverbial (electrically charged) salt.
Newell's Simplified Car-Following Model
Drivers tend to display oscillatory paths that are characterized with cycles of regular acceleration or deceleration because of traffic oscillations. The term traffic oscillations are used to describe the stop-and-go driving situations that are common in overcrowded traffic. Generally, conventional wisdom postulates that traffic oscillations are brought by instabilities in longitudinal car interactions. As a result of increased traffic oscillations, especially in congested traffic, numerous car-following models have been developed and proposed in the recent past. These models have been developed to duplicate oscillations through assumption of probabilistic headways during accelerations. In addition, car following models are the most significant reflections of traffic flow dynamics based on single vehicles. An example of the recently proposed or developed car-following model is the Simplified Car-Following Model by Newell.
The Model's Assumptions
Newell's car-following model is arguably the simplest model that was recently developed as part of the microscopic…
References
Ahn, S., Cassidy, M. J. & Laval, J. (2004). Verification of a Simplified Car-Following Theory.
Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 38(5), 431-440.
Chen, D., Laval, J., Zheng, Z. & Ahn, S. (2012). A Behavioral Car-Following Model that
Captures Traffic Oscillations. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 46(6), 744-761.
external environment facing TOYOTA, the global car manufacturer. This paper discusses impacts of the company's internal organizational strategy (structures and management). The work is divided into two tasks. Task 1: Critically evaluates key factors (e.g. environmental, global, competition, technology) impact TOYOTA performance. Task 2: Provides strategic recommendations for senior managers of the TOYOTA.
Examine the external environment of TOYOTA and how this impacts on the internal organizational strategy (structures and management). Critically evaluate the key factors (e.g. environmental, global, competition, technology) that impact on TOYOTA performance. Findings are drawn from use of analysis tools (e.g. PESTLE, Porter's five forces, SWOT).
Strategic Analysis
We begin our analysis of Toyota by looking at the company through three analytical prisms: Porter's Five Forces Analysis, SWOT Analysis, and PESTLE. It is necessary to define what these analytical prisms are, initially, i.e., define terms, before beginning the analysis in earnest.
Porter 5 Forces Analysis
Porter's…
REFERENCES
1. Toyota seeks 15% of global car market: Japanese automaker targeting Russia, India, China and Brazil, MSNBC.com, November 13, 2006
2. Global Economic Research: Global Auto Report: Strengthening Car Sales Drive Global Vehicle Output To Record High -- Production increase will support global economic activity, Feb. 25, 2011, Scotiabank Group
3. Toyota Motor Corporation Global Web site, http://www.toyota-global.com / (Accessed on March 10, 2011)
4. European car makers and their suppliers: changes at the interface, RT McIvor, PK Humphreys… - European Business & #8230;, 1998 - emeraldinsight.com
That means the car does not have to be recharged after going only short distances. The electric motor can also help recharge the batteries if necessary. The gasoline engine recharges the bank of batteries, and the car just keeps going. Most hybrids can get between 55 and 60 mpg on the highway, although some owners do report less.
Most of the cars also use a generator that actually produces the electric power that drives the electric motor, and most use conventional transmissions, although the Toyota Prius uses a new, radically different transmission. The cars also combine a gasoline gas tank with a bank of batteries to power both engines. This is called a "parallel hybrid." Another type of hybrid engine, the "series hybrid" uses the gasoline engine to power a generator that creates the power for the electric engine or can recharge the batteries (Nice).
There's another advantage to hybrid…
References
Bamber, Taylor. "All about the Hybrid Car." Searchwarp.com. 2005. 30 Sept. 2005. http://searchwarp.com/swa14037.htm
Brotman, Steve. "Hybrid Cars." University of Florida. 2005. 30 Sept. 2005. http://plaza.ufl.edu/triplest/
Nice, Karim. "How Hybrid Cars Work." HowStuffWorks.com. 2005. 30 Sept. 2005. http://www.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car.htm
People seeking to make a fundamental change in the way they transport themselves will likely need a great deal of information, some of which may provide greater clarity while others may provide confusion and resort in them seeking out another alternative product. The consumer may then look for information that will support their inquiry into a commitment to a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle as opposed to one of many alternatives.
a. Choosing a lower cost option, or in this case an option that best fits into their personal budget;
b. Choosing an alternative with greater support and/or greater available review data, i.e. something that has already been tried and embraced by consumers;
c. Choosing a product that offers the least resistance in the way of lifestyle change, where to fuel, how to fuel, easier to drive, and/or service.
2. Consulting an expert, such as the lease agent, dealer manufacturer or…
Resources
Al-Muslim, a. (2011, March 29). Hempstead adds three hydrogen-powered cars. Newsday, (Melville, NY). Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Katzanek, J. (2005). Hybrid car buyers willing to wait in line -- and pay more. Press-Enterprise, the (Riverside, CA), Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Lenderman, a. (2007). Hybrids, concept cars generate buzz. Santa Fe New Mexican, the (NM), Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Strahan, D. (Nov 29-Dec 5, 2008) Hydrogen's long road to nowhere. New Scientist (200) 2684, 40-44.
For the Chinese, cars represent both freedom and affluence. Despite its flagging fortunes at home, General Motors doubled its sales in China during the third quarter of 2009, compared with the same period in 2008 (Stoll 2009). Although GM may be associated with government bailouts and failure in the U.S., in China GM has been able to successful craft an attractive and affluent image for China's emerging financial elite. Significantly, when GM was forced to sell off its 'uber-luxury' brand, the massive Hummer, a Chinese firm was the first to 'bite.'
Marketing in China, GM's example suggests, requires a two-pronged strategy. To the affluent, the attractiveness of a foreign vehicle that can give the driver the luxury experience he or she has long desired but never possessed will be compelling. Driving a foreign vehicle connotes wealth and prosperity. To the rural population, who may desire more moderately-priced vehicles, the ideal…
Works Cited
Bradsher, Keith. "China's economy takes a sharp domestic turn." June 12, 2009. The New York
Times. November 21, 2009.
http://www.nytimes.com /2009/06/12/business/global/12yuan.html
Stoll, John. "GM turnaround strategy gets lift in China." The Wall Street Journal. November 15, 2009. November 21, 2009.