121+ documents containing “bone marrow”.
Bone Marrow Advocacy
Bethematch.org is the website for the National Bone Marrow Donor Program. Through the website and the Be the Match organization, people can register to become potential bone marrow donors. Be the Match is the central bone marrow donation registry for the United States. It is a non-profit organization, and it works with doctors, patients, and donors to help match recipients. It does not provide compensation to donors and does not require payment from patients in order to provide matches. Becoming a potential donor registered with Be the Match is an easy process, which requires little initial commitment from potential donors, though any person signing up as a potential donor should be prepared for a high level of commitment is chosen as a match for a patient.
Bone marrow transplants can be used to treat a variety of different medical functions, and the concept of marrow donation has been around….
Ethical considerations and implication to medical practice for physicians when using the new technology of OnControl power bone marrow biopsy systems
The OnControl power bone marrow biopsy has been found to be significantly less painful than other forms of bone marrow biopsies and also more accurate which raises significant ethical questions regarding the impetus to use the product. The OnControl Bone Marrow (OBM) Biopsy System achieves this result by using a battery-powered drill to penetrate the bone, thus reducing trauma (eed et al. 2011). Not only is OBM less traumatic; it is also more accurate, given that "the mean length of the marrow biopsy specimens," is significantly longer with the use of ONM and comparatively, side effects are no greater with the use of OBM than that of a conventional control group (eed et al. 2011). The greater accuracy of OBM also meant that there was less of a need for….
The two types of chronic leukemia must be discussed separately. In CML, "the leukemia cell that starts the disease makes blood cells (red cells, white cells and platelets) that function almost like normal cells" (Leukemia and Lymphoma, 2010). Moreover, the number of red cells usually declines in CML, which causes anemia (Leukemia and Lymphoma, 2010). CML does not tend to reduce the number of white cells or platelets, and their performance remains somewhat normal, however their counts are high and can continue to rise, causing health complications (Leukemia and Lymphoma, 2010). If white blood counts rise too high, blood flow can slow down, causing severe anemia (Leukemia and Lymphoma, 2010).
In CLL, the leukemia cell makes lymphocytes that do not function properly, instead, "the leukemia cell that starts the disease makes too many lymphocytes that do not function. These cells replace normal cells in the marrow and lymph nodes. They interfere….
Cartilage epairing Techniques
Both cartilage and bone are critical components of the human skeleton although cartilage is more flexible and resistant to breakage than bone. Both bone and cartilage are capable of growth and remodeling as they are living tissues but cartilage has generally proven to be more challenging to repair than bone until recently. One of the most common methods of cartilage repair is shaving or debridement in which the surgeon uses an arthroscope inserted into the knee through a small incision to shaves and smooth cartilage that has shredded or frayed due to damage and wear. However, shaving is often not a permanent solution as it does not fix underlying problems such as gait abnormalities ("Techniques for repairing knee cartilage," 2007).
For some patients, shaving is not appropriate because the damage has penetrated all the way to the bone. In these cases, the use of microfracture or abrasion is preferred.….
Scientists have been aware of the existence of these stem cells for many years but have only recently realized the potential medical applications of the cells. More than a decade ago, scientists discovered that if the normal connections between the early cellular progeny of the fertilized egg were disrupted, the cells would fall apart into a single cell progeny that could be maintained in a culture. These dissociated cells, otherwise known as embryonic stem cell lines, continue to divide in culture, producing large numbers of cells at a fast pace. However, these early embryonic cells would lose the coordinated activity.
Scientists quickly discovered that these cells retain the ability to generate a great number of mature cell types in culture if they are provided with appropriate molecular signals (Reaves, 2001). Scientists have made significant progress in discovering these signals and are still working on it. hile it is a difficult task,….
Pre-Medications
Current practices in the Blood Marrow Transplant Unit (BMTU) are to administer Tylenol and/or Benadryl as pre-medications prior to the administration of blood products before a transplant takes place. This paper will study whether such pre-medicating actions are detrimental to the patient due to the masking effects of the medicines and the occurrence(s) of mostly mild reactions to the blood transfusions that are normal occurrences before BMTU surgery. The paper will seek to discern whether the practice of pre-medicating patients is a viable practice or one that needs to be changed or terminated.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether a change can be made to improve the care of patients undergoing bone marrow transplants. The improvement could take a number of different forms; two of those forms include; first a fewer number of reactions to the blood transfusions that take place before and during the transplant, and second….
Ethics of Embryo Design
Selecting the Perfect Baby
With all the recent advances in science and technology, there are new options for couples looking to get pregnant. This includes not only first time couples who have had trouble getting pregnant, but also couple looking to design their perfect baby using science to pick out the most desired genetic markers. This is the choice given to the Shannons, who are looking to have certain genetic markers in their next child to avoid a diagnosis of fanconi anemia that their older child has, as well as to provide a potential future match for a bone marrow donor for their current daughter, Sally.
Thus, the Shannons are looking into the pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) procedure. According to the research, this procedure is "a technique that enables people with a specific inherited condition in their family to avoid passing it on to their children. It involves checking….
Krabbe Disease
Genetic Components of the Disease
Metabolic Components of the Disease
Causes of the disease
Symptoms of the disease
Diagnosis of the disease
Treatment of the disease
Cord lood Transfusion
Treatment for Late on-set Form
Gene Therapy
Incidence and Longevity of the disease
Socioeconomic Factors
Krabbe disease, also referred as globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD), causes a deficiency in galactocerebrosidase (GALC), the enzyme responsible for preventing a build-up of galactolipids in the brain. Without the regulation of galactolipids, the growth of the myelin sheath around the nerve cells is severely impaired. Krabbe disease usually presents in first 6 months of the life. A child in the last stages of Krabbe disease is immobilized and has decreased level of responsiveness. Most of them die at the age of 2. (Lantos, 2011)
Genetic Components of the Disease
GLD is one of the subgroup of metabolic disorders called leukodystrophies. The leukodystrophies are caused by a variety of gene mutations. Gene carries an inherited code of instructions that….
Osteomyelitis in the Diabetic Patient
Management OF OSTEOMYELITIS IN THE DIABETIC PATIENT
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone or bone marrow which is typically categorized as acute, subacute or chronic.1 It is characteristically defined according to the basis of the causative organism (pyogenic bacteria or mycobacteria) and the route, duration and physical location of the infection site.2 Infection modes usually take one of three forms: direct bone contamination from an open fracture, puncture wound, bone surgery, total joint replacement, or traumatic injury; extension of a soft tissue infection such as a vascular ulcer; or hematogenous (blood borne) spread from other infected areas of the body such as the tonsils, teeth or the upper respiratory system.2(p807) Bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli are the most common causative agents of the disease, although viruses, parasites and fungi may also lead to the development of osteomyelitis.3
Patients most at risk….
(Kirchner, 2000)
Summary and Conclusion
However, even in the developed world, rickets is not as rare as one would hope. Mothers who breastfeed must be aware that, despite the rhetoric about breastfeeding being the best way to feed a baby, they must still give their children supplements. Children must have adequate supplementation, nutritionally dense diets, and adequate exposure to sunlight. The balance between covering up with sun protection and getting sunlight, between breastfeeding and vitamin supplements may prove difficult to communicate to the public -- as well as the fact that what are widely-regarded as 'healthy diets' such as vegan, vegetarian, and macrobiotic diets may not be appropriate for children, or even for many adults, espeically if they have absorption complaints.
orks Cited
American Dietetic Association (ADA) (2004) "Promoting and Supporting Breastfeeding, Positon Paper on Maternal Health. Article accessed on Internet database of ADA on 22 Oct 2005 at http://www.eatright.org/cps/rde/xchg/SID-5303FFEA-E7B53036/ada/hs.xsl/advocacy_1728_ENU_HTML.htm
Goldenring, John. (14 Jul….
The investigators noted that because patients who have skip metastases and negative pelvic lymph nodes have been found to later develop distant metastases, ProstaScint imagine was instrumental in detecting metastatic disease and prompting further investigation." (2004)
The work of Murphy and Troychak (2000) entitled: "Follow-Up Prostascint Scans Verify Detection of Occult Soft-Tissue Recurrence After Failure of Primary Prostate Cancer Therapy" published in the Prostrate Journal reports a study conducted for the evaluation of the ability of ProstaScint scan in the detection of prostatic bed recurrent and metastases to regional or distant lymph nodes. The study reported is of one hundred sequential patients who were evaluated with repeated ProstaScint scans due to evidence of recurrence during the disease course. These patients were followed from November 1994 and April 1999 and had "concurrent bone scans and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) evaluations. They have had hormone therapy (n = 53) and/or experienced a….
Calcium is needed in blood clotting, stability and permeability of the membrane, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, cellular secretion, enzyme activity, and cell growth. Magnesium is needed for the metabolism of potassium and calcium and for the mobilization of calcium from bones. Phosphorus plays and important role in the development and maturation of the bone. Its chief role in bone resorption, mineralization and collagen synthesis makes it essential in calcium homeostasis (Michael's).
Diseases and disorders of the skeletal system include leukemia, bursitis, osteoporosis, sprains, fractures, spina bifida, scurvy, arthritis, scoliosis, talipes equinovarus or clubfoot, tendonitis, kyphosis and poliomyelitis (Family Shock 2001). Leukemia is also called cancer of the blood where abnormally large numbers of white blood cells multiply at an uncontrolled manner so that they interfere with the body's production of red blood cells. The cause is still unknown. ursitis is a painful condition, which most commonly affects the hips and….
Footwear
Partly because anatomical variation contributes to the development of metatarsal fractures, footwear is particularly important to mitigating any existing predisposing factors to the condition. While conflicting data as to the effect of hard surfaces call into question the assumption that surface density is directly related to metatarsal problems (Laker, Saint-Phard, Tyburski, et al., 2007), the insufficient cushioning properties of athletic footwear likely increases the overall risk nevertheless.
Proper fitting, particularly in the lateral dimension (i.e. width) is directly related to increased susceptibility to metatarsal problems because it further (artificially) contracts the overall surface areas available to dissipate and absorb dynamic forces by squeezing the metatarsals closer to each other as well (Cullen & Hadded, 2004). Finally, excessive roominess in athletic footwear can also contribute to stress fractures and other debilitating foot problems by allowing the foot to develop momentum within the shoe and resulting in momentarily high loads when the foot….
Fibrous connective tissue is also found in ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and bone (CliffsNotes.com, 2009, What are the four types of tissue found in the human body).
4: In Chapter 2 we discussed the importance polarity as it related to electron distribution around some molecules, such as water. In Chapter 4, however, polarity takes on a slightly different meaning. What does polarity refer to in this chapter? Please provide a specific cellular example of this form of polarity other than the epithelial example given in the text.
Cell polarity is involved in the "differentiation, proliferation and morphogenesis of unicellular and multicellular organisms. Cell polarity relies on the asymmetric organization of cellular components and structures, and the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity involves many processes including signaling cascades, membrane trafficking events and cytoskeletal dynamics, all of which need to be coordinated in a highly regulated manner" (Cell polarity, 2009, Nature.com).
5: Identify the….
Pressure on the superior vena cava may produce SVC syndrome, a swelling of the head and arms. SVC syndrome involving the brain can be fatal and must be treated immediately. But enlarged lymphatic tissue in the chest cavity generally tends to displace -- rather than press upon or encase -- adjacent structures. Therefore, compromised breathing and SVC syndrome are relatively uncommon signs of lymphoma. (Hodgkin's Disease, 1998-2008)
Effects on Bone Marrow
Night sweats, fevers or anemia (a low red-blood-cell count), fevers may indicate Hodgkin's disease has spread to an individual's bone marrow. In these scenarios, a physician may order bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. In biopsy, medical staff uses a large needle to remove a narrow, cylindrical piece of the patient's bone. In another option, medical staff performs an aspiration, a process utilizing a needle to remove small bits of bone marrow. Generally, in both instances, to help determine cancer spread,….
Disease
Bone Marrow Advocacy Bethematch.org is the website for the National Bone Marrow Donor Program. Through the website and the Be the Match organization, people can register to become potential bone…
Read Full Paper ❯Healthcare
Ethical considerations and implication to medical practice for physicians when using the new technology of OnControl power bone marrow biopsy systems The OnControl power bone marrow biopsy has been found…
Read Full Paper ❯Disease
The two types of chronic leukemia must be discussed separately. In CML, "the leukemia cell that starts the disease makes blood cells (red cells, white cells and platelets) that…
Read Full Paper ❯Health - Nursing
Cartilage epairing Techniques Both cartilage and bone are critical components of the human skeleton although cartilage is more flexible and resistant to breakage than bone. Both bone and cartilage are…
Read Full Paper ❯Anatomy
Scientists have been aware of the existence of these stem cells for many years but have only recently realized the potential medical applications of the cells. More than a…
Read Full Paper ❯Medicine
Pre-Medications Current practices in the Blood Marrow Transplant Unit (BMTU) are to administer Tylenol and/or Benadryl as pre-medications prior to the administration of blood products before a transplant takes place.…
Read Full Paper ❯Genetics
Ethics of Embryo Design Selecting the Perfect Baby With all the recent advances in science and technology, there are new options for couples looking to get pregnant. This includes not only…
Read Full Paper ❯Disease
Krabbe Disease Genetic Components of the Disease Metabolic Components of the Disease Causes of the disease Symptoms of the disease Diagnosis of the disease Treatment of the disease Cord lood Transfusion Treatment for Late on-set Form Gene Therapy Incidence…
Read Full Paper ❯Disease
Osteomyelitis in the Diabetic Patient Management OF OSTEOMYELITIS IN THE DIABETIC PATIENT Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone or bone marrow which is typically categorized as acute, subacute or chronic.1…
Read Full Paper ❯Health - Nutrition
(Kirchner, 2000) Summary and Conclusion However, even in the developed world, rickets is not as rare as one would hope. Mothers who breastfeed must be aware that, despite the rhetoric…
Read Full Paper ❯Disease
The investigators noted that because patients who have skip metastases and negative pelvic lymph nodes have been found to later develop distant metastases, ProstaScint imagine was instrumental in…
Read Full Paper ❯Anatomy
Calcium is needed in blood clotting, stability and permeability of the membrane, nerve conduction, muscle contraction, cellular secretion, enzyme activity, and cell growth. Magnesium is needed for the…
Read Full Paper ❯Sports
Footwear Partly because anatomical variation contributes to the development of metatarsal fractures, footwear is particularly important to mitigating any existing predisposing factors to the condition. While conflicting data as to…
Read Full Paper ❯Anatomy
Fibrous connective tissue is also found in ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and bone (CliffsNotes.com, 2009, What are the four types of tissue found in the human body). 4: In Chapter…
Read Full Paper ❯Disease
Pressure on the superior vena cava may produce SVC syndrome, a swelling of the head and arms. SVC syndrome involving the brain can be fatal and must be…
Read Full Paper ❯