Cannibalism Essays (Examples)

.. The next day, I whipped his bare behind till the blood ran from his legs. I cut off his ears, his nose, slit his mouth... gouged his eyes out... I then stuck a knife in his belly and drank his blood... I put strips of bacon on each cheek of his behind and put them in the oven. At certain intervals, I basted his ass cheeks with a wooden spoon so the meat would be nice and juicy" ("Albert Fish," 2007, Internet). Here is an example of extreme madness, supported by the overwhelming desire to eat human flesh. One wonders why such cannibals as Fish, Kroll and Dahmer did not realize what they were doing was morally wrong. Perhaps the answer lies in what Fish once said to the police -- "I felt sure that an angel would stop me if I did anything wrong" (amsland, 2005, 215).

eferences…

Economic model of crime suggests that crime is driven by rational self-interest. Thus, any penalties incurred for crimes such as insider trading must exceed the potential economic gains for the subject. This is based upon a rational concept of cost-benefit analysis on the part of the defendant. Crime must be ensured not to 'pay' because of the penalties extracted by the legal system. The theory was first advanced by Gary Becker in a seminal 1968 paper. "Becker's paper, 'Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach,' looks at criminals as rational individuals, just like anyone else. Criminals, like ordinary citizens, seek to maximize their own well-being, but through illegal instead of legal means" (Bahrani 2012). Just like you and I seek out the most advantageous jobs and the best prices to maximize our utility, so do criminals.

egarding criminal cases, the economic model suggests that criminals will weigh the potential negatives against…

obinson Crusoe has a fear of being eaten. For him cannibalism is the farthest thing from European civilization. His fear of being eaten develops at a young age when he decides to embark on sea adventures and is dissuaded by family and friends. However his lust to gain more adventure is a reflection of his acute luster to acquire which involves appropriation, exploitation and accumulation. This appropriation and acquiring often also involves compete domination and overpowering of humans. While Crusoe justifies his acquiring and appropriation to his distressed state from being a cast away, this also instills the fear of being eaten. These fears in Crusoe returns back to him when he encounters cannibals and witnesses the cultures and ways of cannibalism.

This fear of being eaten also naturally creates a biological revulsion to cannibalism which manifests in the Crusoe imagining attacking, overpowering and eliminating the cannibals. However things and…

Food

Describe cannibalism as a system among the ari according to Beth Conklin. hat are their practices and beliefs? hat are their motivations? How do they fit and not fit into the major world patterns identified for anthropophagy by anthropologies around the world and by Conklin?

The ari are an indigenous population with a population of about 1,500 people who live in the Brazilian rainforests and until roughly the 1960s the disposed of nearly all their corpses through mortuary cannibalism (Conklin, 1995). The reasons for eating members of your tribe can be much different for eating enemies. They ari did not have to eat their dead for sustenance and there was adequate food in their region. The ari chose to eat their family members as a passage of mourning and their enemies as a show of disrespect. The fact that they practiced both forms of mortuary cannibalism separates them from…

Aztec Human Sacrifice

It may be a startling fact for us to know some of the unusual ways that the people of the olden times lived their lives, particularly with respect to their beliefs, rituals, and practices. The Aztecs, considered as one of the most controversial groups of people that we can find in our history had lived in Mesoamerica. Their practice of human sacrifice and cannibalism, which according to their culture are part of their religion and belief, would make even the historians find it difficult to comprehend the rationales behind such practices. The Aztec practice of human sacrifice can be regarded as a history of violence.

It was estimated that there were approximately 20,000 lives that are being offered and sacrificed by the Aztecs to their gods. To have a continuous supply of human lives as sacrifices, the Aztecs were in constant war with other tribal groups (MNSU.com).…

One of the fundamental taboos that has characterized the human condition since time immemorial is eating human flesh. Although some primitive societies have engaged in the practice – and some purportedly still do – the proscription against cannibalism is so ubiquitous and powerful that national governments have not felt compelled to enact legislation outlawing the practice because existing laws concerning murder and the longstanding natural prohibitions against eating other people are regarded as being sufficient. Indeed, even in extreme cases such as the stranded Donner party where survival was at stake, cannibalism is universally regarded as morally and legally wrong. It was against this backdrop that the gruesome circumstances that involved Armin Meiwes, a middle-aged German man was convicted by German courts of recruiting a consensual volunteer on a fetish Web site strictly for the purposes of butchering and eating him. To gain some insights into this event, this paper…

Tradition and Modernity in "A Madman's Diary"

During Lu Xun's time, China was witnessing a landmark political and economic change. This was the time for the popular May Fourth Movement in 1919 following the announcement of the terms of the Versailles Treaty that concluded WWI. At this time, the Chinese society was oppressive and feudalistic. The elite fed off the labors of those below them thus destroying their souls. Those in leadership took advantage of the led that lived in abject poverty and without a political voice. The author seems to associate cannibalism with such prevalent social conditions. As much as the madman's reasoning is flawed, his lunacy points at the social, economic as well as political reality of the time. First, the story begins with different mode where the narrator introduces the diary. It appears as though this is a preface and the point at which the narrator distances…

Although the circularity of the logic of insanity as demonstrated by the very fact that a man desires to be eaten (because he is insane, because he wants to be eaten, because he is insane…) loses credibility due to the redundancy of such thinking, the implicit conclusion that the author comes to regarding this matter, "if every person with emotional problems were denied the right to determine what is in his own interest, none of us would be self-determining in the eyes of the law, except those of us who had no emotions to have problems with," may very well be inductive. It certainly seems to be a considerable assumption to say that people with mental (or "emotional") problems, should not be restrained from their actions, because in doing so virtually everyone -- who is at least half-crazy, if not further along on his or her way to being crazy…

Speech: Museum's Bid For Bodies

Good evening ladies -- and yes, good evening gentleman as well.

Well, where should we begin? Ahhhh yes -- Are any of you aware of what a cadaver parade is? Have any of you ever actually heard of a cadaver parade?

Let me read to you a recent headline that I discovered: "Anatomy of competition: 2 museums bid for bodies -- what is a bid -- it is an offer or a proposal of a price."

What do you think about that? (Pause) My initial thoughts after reading those words were: "This is unbelievable, no, it is downright shocking, shameful, and certainly very offensive.

When was the last time a price was hung on us human beings? You probably already know, that's right -- During the days of Slavery. (Pause) Am I right?

I believe that the practice attaching a price to the human body…

Art Critique

Critique of Surreal and Post-Impressionist Works of Art

Dali's Autumn Cannibalism (1936) http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/dali_retrospective/dali_pma_05_07.htm

Salvador Dali is one of the great and mercurial figures in art history. The surrealistic Spanish painter was influenced heavily by the tumultuous period of history in which he lived and by the haunting images in his own psyche. Both are on dramatic display in the 1936 piece, "Autumn Cannibalism." Here, Dali paints a depiction of the military conflict tearing his motherland apart from within, offering us this terrifying rendering of civil war as seen through the eyes of one consumed by it.

In the confrontation between the social commentary and the internal reflection that comprise this piece, Dali creates a piece that is decidedly representative of the surrealist movement both in aesthetic and motif. In spite of Dali's incredible influence, surrealism was ultimately a short-lived movement, leaving its impression on the art world through…

Europeans call upon Christendom to "applaud their courage and justice" as they persecute the natives for merely defending themselves. This simple, human response of self-defense is seen as evidence of barbarism by the Europeans. Of course, when the natives have accommodated the Europeans and treated them in a friendly fashion, this is likewise seen as a weakness and portrayed as evidence of the people's fitness for servitude.

Tom's identification with the Polynesians might seem to be unrealistic, given that he is supposed to be a simple sailor. However, Melville implies that he may be liable to be very sympathetic to the people of Typee because he has been persecuted and treated unjustly by his captain. Tom, under the influence of Polynesian life, decides to cast off his miserable existence on the Dolly and desert. In contrast to the miserable life on the ship, the native people of Typee are able…

Question 5:

Since the events of September 11th, terrorism has been a crucial concern for Americans specifically, and the global society in general.

As Wilkins (2005) notes, although it is generally agreed to be justifiable to commit violence in the act of self-defense against aggressors, many of the victims of terrorism are innocent of any crime, and that the question of "collective guilt" must come into play when determining the justification for terrorism. There is a "distinction between moral guilt and metaphysical guilt (which) can be explained partially in terms of the difference between the failure to do one's duty and the failure to perform a supererogatory act. We have a duty to mutla aid to other human beings" (p. 340).

Therefore, it is justifiable to inflict violence upon innocent individuals when this guilt is apparent, such as the case of the plight of the Jews and the aggression of…

Greek Concept to Movie Troy

Ancient mythology as never ceased to amaze and fascinate its readers and followers. Especially Egyptian and Greek mythology, having followers everywhere; in the current times it has found a new fan, that is the movie making business, with a special interest in Greek mythology. Nothing is better than watching your favorite characters brought up to life and actually see them doing all the things we had previously only imagined them doing. One such captivating movie is 'troy' based on the Greek Trojan war starring Brad Pitt. Various Greek concepts were shed light in this movie, which will be discussed, in relation to the movie.

The first concept is Fate, since in Greek mythology fate does not just happen. The gods make things happen, in their own engineered ways, and interfere to make things happen on their own account. Then there is MOIA, which means that…

Never mind that most of the group members were not Donners; or that the family itself camped about six miles away from most of the other families; or that the chosen route that had led to the party's despair was not selected by the Donners, but by James F. Reed, who, coincidentally, survived the tragedy.

Cannibalism accepted as fact

For a century and a half, the American public has essentially labeled the Donner Party, and, by extension the Donner family, as cannibals. The sensationalized media reports that first emerged after the rescue of the Donner Party became widely accepted with time, although they were based mostly on unreliable first-person reports and gossip (Donner cannibalism, 2006). In fact, Eliza Poor Donner Houghton, a member of the party, recalls how Donner Party members would read supposed first-person accounts in newspapers and become shocked with how remarkably accurate information was interspersed with wild…

Tarsila Do Amaral

One of the most important razilian artists of the 20th century, Tarsila do Amaral, was born in Sao Paulo in 1886. She had a privileged childhood as the grandchild of a rich farmer. This brought with it various advantages, including an education that taught her to read, write, embroider and speak French (Damian, 1999). Finishing her studies in France and returning to razil, this artist left an impression on the Modernist movement in the country that remains to this day. With her husband Oswald de Andrade, Tarsila worked towards creating a unique artistic perspective for the razilian people. This perspective would not reject the European forms and images that had ruled the country's art world until the 1920s. Instead, these would be used and incorporated into traditional forms to create an entirely new and more inclusive perspective.

The Modernist movement came in the midst of a razil…

Kuru Sorcery: Disease and Danger in the New Guinea Highlands

In her book, "Kuru Sorcery: Disease and Danger in the New Guinea Highlands," Shirley Lindenbaum tells of the Fore people of New Guinea and their changing lifestyles when faced with the encroachment of modern society.

However, the focus of her book is the disease of the local indiginous people that was prevalent during the early 1960s, called kuru.

Those afflicted with kuru tremble. This is one of the reasons the Fore people of New Guinea believed those with kuru were possessed. Since the Fore had no analytic data inherent to their culture, they tried to solve and understand their afflictions in the customs of their culture, including the belief in sorcery.

Kuru has been proven to be a 100% fatal degenerative disease, believed to be brought on, Lindenbaum says from lack of protein in the food eaten by the Fore…

Ethics - Deviance

"Eating your Friends is the Hardest: The Survivors of the F-227" by James M. Henslin discusses the ways in which reality is created by society and groups within it. The unique life-or-death situation of the Andes Mountain plane crash survivors shows how a group can be compelled to redefine deviant behavior to make it acceptable and even holy. By examining this group's situation, Henslin is able to define a number of lessons about social reality.

"Eating your Friends is the Hardest: The Survivors of the F-227" by James M. Henslin discusses the ways in which reality is created by examining a unique but disturbing situation. This situation, in which some humans survived a plane crash in the Andes Mountains, were stranded in the Mountains for more than 2 months and were literally starving to death with no food source except human corpses, gave Henslin a unique opportunity…

Joyce's Ulysses

Claude Rawson is best known as a scholar of Jonathan Swift and the eighteenth century, but Rawson's has also used the savage irony of Swift's modest proposal for a series of essays which consider Swift's invocation of cannibalism in light of a longer tradition (in Anglo-Irish relations) of imputing cannibalism literally to the native Irish as a way of demonizing their "savagery" or else to implying a metaphorical cannibalism to describe the British Imperial exploitation of those native Irish. Rawson reapproaches these Swiftian subjects in a more recent essay entitled "Killing the Poor: An Anglo-Irish Theme" which examines what Rawson calls the "velleities of extermination" in a text like Swift's "Modest Proposal" (Rawson, 300). Rawson examines how Swift's ironic solution of what to do with the poor of Ireland (eat them as food) undergoes, in various later iterations by Anglo-Irish writers including Shaw and ilde, transformation into a…

Kuru Sorcery in New Guinea

Introduction to Shirley indenbaum

The author of Kuru Sorcery: Disease and Danger in the New Guinea Highlands, Shirley indenbaum, is a cultural anthropologist and professor in the Ph.D. Program in the Department of Anthropology at the Graduate Center, City University of New York. In addition to her ground-breaking research in Papua New Guinea - studying the prion ailment called "kuru" (explored in depth in this paper) and linking cannibalism to kuru - indenbaum has conducted extensive research (and published books and scholarly articles) on cholera in Bangladesh, and on AIDS and HIV in the U.S. And elsewhere. She also has published books titled The Education of Women and the Mortality of Children in Bangladesh, and Knowledge, Power and Practice: the Anthropology of Medicine and Everyday ife, according to her bibliography in the City University of New York Web pages for faculty members (www.gc.cuny.edu/anthropology/fac_lindenbaum.html).

The Kuru…

He has no ethical qualms about killing or consuming his victims. His mind is acute. His decisions are not as much immoral as they are amoral; Lecter does not believe in right vs. wrong in terms of his own behavior. He is far more concerned with his own personal victories in outsmarting a system he is familiar with, of proving himself to be a superior human being with greater intelligence than the mass of humanity he belittles by his cannibalistic behavior. He mocks humanity, he self-aggrandizes, and he makes no excuse for his actions except as a form of self-indulgence. Neither Lector nor Starling change dramatically during the course of the movie, but Starling does become wiser after her encounters with Lecter. Her innocence is all but absent toward the end of the film, but she is nevertheless as optimistic and as professionally driven as she was when she first…

Lu Xun's a Madman's Diary

Story references taken from Norton's Anthology, Expanded Edition

No page numbers listed as requested, chapters listed instead riters are often influenced by their circumstances and, as a result, inspired to write about the things they feel passionately about as well as the things they witness. riters sometimes use fiction as a tool to express their emotions and opinions and the most successful of writers are able to shape their situations and surroundings just as much as situations shape their literature. That certainly can be said of the Chinese writer, poet, and essayist Lu Xun, who is considered by many of his contemporaries to be the founder of modern Chinese literature. (Chinese Cultural Studies)

From his writings, it is clear that Lu Xun was heavily influenced by the Chinese culture and the politics of the day. It is also obvious that if Lu Xun had any…

Meantime, on page 107 (Chapter 2) a good character description of Ah Q. is provided by the narrator: "There was only a single instance when anyone had ever praised him," and that happened to be when Ah Q. was actually the butt of a joke. Ah Q. was looking "scrawny and worn out" so when the old many said "That Ah Q's some worker!" It could only be interpreted as folly, irony, and even though Ah Q. was "pleased as punch" he had been set up to be the fool. as China, in Xun's estimation, also the fool, the butt of international jokes? It seems likely in a literary way.

hile his adversaries taunted him, and he kept losing his fights, he turned to giving dirty looks. And when dirty looks didn't do it for him, he tried "snappy comebacks" and that didn't work either as the villagers continued to…

The author points out that there were more commoners than nobles but the commoners were often at the mercy of nobles and were expected to serve them. Although this was the case, it was also true that commoners had a great deal of control over their lives and in most cases they had enough to meet their basic needs and the needs of their family.

eligion

One of the most interesting aspects of Aztec civilization is Aztec religious practices. According to an article found in the Journal of the Southwest, the Aztec religious system dominated the way of life for the Aztec people. The research indicates that the religious system of the Aztec people was very much associated with the Aztec Calendar. This calendar was based on the yearly agricultural cycle.

For instance when the winter solstice occurred the Aztec people would participate in fire festivals. The purpose of such…

By the second night, a group of men had mutinied and attempted to kill the officers and destroy the raft, and by the third day, "those whom death had spared in the disastrous night […] fell upon the dead bodies with which the raft was covered, and cut off pieces, which some instantly devoured" (Savigny & Correard 192). Ultimately, the survivors were reduced to throwing the wounded overboard, and only after they had been reduced to fifteen men, "almost naked; their bodies and faces disfigured by the scorching beams of the sun," were they finally rescued by the Argus, which had set sail six days earlier to search for the raft and the wreck of the Medusa (Savigny & Correard 203).

Theodore Gericault's the Raft of the Medusa captures the moment on the 17th of July when the Argus first became visible to the survivors, and his choice to reflect…

However, this made Andrei use physical torture as means of controlling her which later lead to him killing her by hitting her head constantly. His aim was not to have a casual sex with the victim but to kill her and satisfy his physical needs, which he discovered during his previous thrilling encounter.

He also showed abnormal behaviors after sexual assault when he chewed and swallowed away one of the victim's nipples. The dead body of Larissa was found the next day with no clue of the murderer. His second victim was a thirteen-year-old girl named Liyuba Biryuk, which was followed on from a bus stop. The killing took place in June 1982 by introducing several stabs to the body including the eyes. The body was found two weeks later with no sign or clue. Two more youths were victimized in July, two in September and one in December (Jenkins,…

wartime responses and subjective feelings of interned Japanese-Americans to demand that they prove their loyalty to the United States? n answering, this question relies primarily upon the novel, No-no Boy, the relevant class lectures, and the video "Conscience and the Constitution."

The novel No-No boy has a different approach on the suburbia issue one closer to the look of an outsider in contrast to internal entrapment feelings of Yates. The novel talks about chiro who comes out of jail feeling confused and insecure about his place in post war settings. He did not serve the war, and his survival serves as a commentary as a non-white American living around suburban America. He leaves in the city, and all he wants is to be part of the American Dream taking place around him. For some reason, he does not fit in and spends the rest of the time persecuting and blaming…

Deviant Conduct

An individual's behavior is labeled as "deviant" when the behavior goes against the prevailing norms that govern social life. These norms are generally unspoken rules designed to promote patterns in the social interactions between people. This gives rise to expectations about how people must act and behave. Those who do not conform to these expectations are therefore considered "deviant."

Generally, there are three main areas covered by unspoken social norms. The first area concerns appearance - one's clothing, hairstyle, personal grooming. This also extends to material possessions. In Western society, in particular, people reveal much about themselves by their choice of cars, houses and jewelry.

The second area of social norms concern manners. These include how we relate to others on an interpersonal as well as a group level. Personal manner norms concern areas like proxemics, the typical distances people maintain during face-to-face interactions. Group style norms are…

Strauss and Nature

Strauss is contending that the "self-evident" natural rights of man are no more apparent because of a creeping relativism in thought and an increasing dependence on legalism. Thus, "the legislators and the courts" decide what is "right" and what is not. In a sense, the lament of Strauss for the loss of common sense, especially regarding what is naturally good and lawful is appreciable. It is just. On the other hand, it could be argued that the "natural right" that Jefferson believed in was not as "self-evident" as imagined but rather more imaginary than "self-evident." Strauss asserts that this line of argumentation is the result of the subjectivist attitude and perspective of modern philosophy. hile subjectivism is a deadly form of philosophy and kills all sense of truth, as Plato shows in Euthyphro, it is the natural consequence of what Strauss identifies in his last sentence of…

It was also at
this period in his life that the alleged acts of molestation which may have
occurred during his childhood began to manifest in psychosexual
dysfunction.
According to Odom, "in an interview Jeffrey once stated, 'it started
at the age of 14 or 15. I started having excessive fantasies of violence
intermingled with sex and it just got worse and worse. I didn't know how to
tell anyone, so I didn't. I just kept it all inside.'" (Odom, 1) Indeed,
the Odom article contends that Dahmer's drinking became a coping mechanism
but that his control over his violent sexual fantasies was dashed apart in
1978. Perhaps by no coincidence, the year that he graduated from high
school and his parents got divorced would be the same in which he committed
his first murder. Indications are also that Dahmer was exposed to violence
between his parents during the dissolution…

he has lived through violence, rape, slavery, and betrayal and seen the ravages of war and greed. The old woman's story also functions as a criticism of religious hypocrisy. he is the daughter of the Pope, the most prominent member of the Catholic Church. The Pope has not only violated his vow of celibacy, but has also proven unable and unwilling to protect his daughter from the misfortunes that befell her.

Candide also displays this sense of hope in light of his many hardships. He honors his commitment to marry Cunegonde at the end of the story despite the physical abnormalities that have plagued her. Cunegonde is a young and beautiful woman at the beginning of Candide. Mirroring Candide's naive optimism, their love plays out in unrealistic romantic cliches: a blush, a dropped handkerchief, a surreptitious kiss behind a screen. However, this romance in the shelter of the Baron's estate…

Histories of the Pacific

The real Pacific is not a static place as the Pacifics of the mind tend to be; and nor are the peoples who have acted upon it and within it the simple ciphers of exploiter and victim, powerless and powerful that some depictions would suggest. Nor can straightforward interpretations of linear progress towards "civilization" suffice, with their emphasis on great events as stepping-stones in the march towards modernity -- what one historian of Hawaii has called "narratives that chronicle Hawaiian history after Western great men reached Hawai'i's shores, foregrounding events and actors that, to Western observers, marked the evolution of Hawaii from primitiveness to progressing civilization" (uck, 13). The key to avoiding such caricatures is in understanding the significance of the act of representation: "Native and stranger each possessed the other in their interpretations of the other" (Dening, 281). The events and encounters that have played…

As Diaz states:

some fifty of us soldiers clambered up and overturned the idols, which rolled down the steps and were smashed to pieces. Some of them were in the form of fearsome dragons as big as calves and others half-man half-dog and hideously ugly. When thy saw their idols shattered the Caciques and the papas who were with them wept and covered their eyes; and they prayed to their gods for pardon. (From

The Conquest of New Spain 1560s)

In "Of Cannibals," on the other hand, Michel de Montaigne suggests instead that travelers to foreign places might do well to suspend automatic negative judgment of native peoples, and seek instead, to regard them from within their own indigenous geographical, social, and economic contexts, instead of their own. As Montaigne further observes:

every one gives the title of barbarism to everything that is not in use in his own country.…

Accounting

Operating income it typically defined to include all operating expenses other than depreciation and taxes (Investopedia, 2011). Because the airplanes are leased, there is no depreciation for West Coast Airlines to take into consideration anyway. The operating income is as follows:

evenue

AVG Passengers

Variable fuel

evenue/pass

Food & Beverage

F&B/pass

Fixed Lease

Ground Services

Flight Crew

Operating Income

The company right now is losing $31,012.50 on every one-way flight to Fiji.

If the company lowers the cost of the flight in order to generate an increase in volume, the operating income figures will look as follows:

evenue

Avg Passengers

Variable fuel

14000

evenue/pass

Food & Beverage

F&B/pass

Commission

Fixed Lease

53000

Ground Services

Flight Crew

Operating Income

-28924

By these figures, Fiji Air loses $28,924 per one-way flight with the lower ticket price and the higher average number of passengers. The bigger issue is that even under this…

Death of oman ang

Earthquakes, droughts, famine, cannibalism, bandits, a huge tax burden, and a social system which was strictly hierarchical and repressive; T'an Ch'eng was a Chinese county that suffered great hardships during the 17th century. Jonathon Spence, in his "The Death of oman ang" creates a snapshot of the difficulties and hardships endured by the Chinese peasants at that time. By using both historical and non-historical sources, Spence is able to allow the reader a glimpse into the lives of people long since dead, and a way of life that no longer exists. The author captures the extremely difficult life these people had to endure, their problems, threats, hardships, and social conventions which all led to a miserable existence. hile the book is titled after the oman ang, a character that does not play a role of importance until well into the book, it really describes the everyday…

Psychology

Analysis of the crime scene

After Jeffrey Dahmer was sentenced, he was taken to the Correctional Institution of Columbia, located in Portage; a town in Wisconsin. During his first incarceration year, Dahmer was confined separately in order to keep him physically safe in case he interacted with other prisoners. With his consent, when the first solitary confinement year was over, Dahmer was taken to a unit that was less secure. Here, he was made to work for two hours each day; he used to clean the ablution block.

Apparently, Dahmer adapted well to life in prison, although he had at first been separated from the other inmates. He ultimately managed to convince the authorities to let him interact more with his fellow prisoners. Dahmer learnt religion from photos and books he received from his father. The Correctional Institution of Columbia even allowed him to go through baptism; it was…

At this point a strong conflict occurs between their own beliefs. On the one hand they believe that they are doing a good thing. The ethic dimension of their actions derives mainly from the approval that god gives them. On the other hand everything in the new land is against them.

Therefore they reach the conclusion that god is not with them and they do not have his approval. Only two possible explanations come to mind. One is that god is not completely good, but can show himself as completely lacking mercy. The other one is that god is good and wise and those who are making a mistake are themselves. The latter hypothesis is the more acceptable one.

God is omniscient and omnipotent. The famine and all the other negative things that are happening to them are nothing else but a proof that what they were doing was not…

The authentic morals behind what are genuinely considered justice, also symbolized by the Tao, are shifting. Man consumes himself here by selfishly yet blindly carrying on as a conqueror mindlessly on a mission as opposed to a team-player. Men are falling away from the standard of justice, the Tao, to a new class of man, one that has claimed everything and will conquer himself.

Man has found ways to defy gravity, generate specific life, and try to conquer death; this is what leads man to strive toward conquering nature, and trying to conquer nature is what makes man conquer himself. Lewis explains this, accordingly, as man deceiving himself. With these scientific advances over nature becomes a "power exercised by some men over other men with nature as their instrument." This is leading to man's domination of some men over other men. These attitudes result in a loss of values and…

Lastly, the company can improve its image. Although within Harrington the firm believes that it has a strong brand, this brand is supposed to allow it to charge high prices for its goods. Yet, margins are slipping; this could indicate an erosion of brand power at Harrington. Activewear could restore some of this brand power by showing consumers that Harrington was up-to-date with modern fashion sense.

There are a number of threats, however, associated with entry into the activewear market. While the brand could be enhanced, it could also be diluted if a large number of existing Harrington customers do not approve of the activewear trend. Moving into activewear, even if successful, could result in cannibalization of existing sales. For example, marketing money will likely be shuffled from older lines to promote the new activewear line. Shelf space and inventory space in the distribution channel will also need to be…

They were zigzagging through the sugar cane field, a truly bizarre scene.

Also in Mendoza, it is a dark and evil scene as Mendoza's body is tied to the back of a donkey but the body kept sliding down under the donkey ("ass"). There is no respect for the dead here in this scene, and to take his bloody, muddy, and wet body to his wife's house, and throw it down in the threshold -- that is profoundly evil. He never had a chance, and now his family has to pay the price. The evil and "horrible grimace" that was on the face of the dead Mendoza must have been a terrible shock to his family and his children. His son (who had found what he thought was a corpse) now saw a real corpse, ironically the person he had seen earlier and mistaken for a corpse -- his own…

Blackness was not an unremittingly negative quality, as it would be seen later on, but the associations of blackness and other stereotypes that would be attached to 'Negroes' began fairly early.

The development of colonies based upon cash crops, including those in the Southern United States, necessitated a large enslaved labor force, larger than whites could provide. As the economic need for slave labor increased, so did negatively expressed views of Africans and blackness in general. Indentured servitude of whites grew more controversial, thus replacing then with Africans who were justified as being 'natural' slaves became an accepted solution. Even Thomas Jefferson would eventually see 'Negros' as existing at the end of a chain of being, the beginning phase of a kind of evolutionary 'erasure' of color, and erasure of the 'mark of Cain' of blackness, as Christian missionaries used to think the Africans possessed.

Jordan believes if there had…

Crude, twisted justifications were offered during this period of time that both upheld family values yet reflected the desperation of the era -- such as the defense that it was better to eat one's relatives, than to let the whole family starve, or the idea that if one consumed one's relations, then they lived on, at least a little longer.

Spence admits that he is operating with certain difficulties regarding the sources of his chronicles, given that few documents remain behind of the Chinese peasantry of this period. However, he says to give voice to the voiceless was one of his primary motivations in writing the text. The lack of documentary evidence, rather than being perceived as a hindrance, as might be the case with some historians, merely spurred him on to reveal what was left for posterity. He deploys a variety of sources including a Confucian civil servant and…

The man and his son are so demonstrably complex in this story, even if their survival motives are simple and clear. Particularly, even as they endure a world of cannibalism and tribalism, the two struggle mightily to maintain a sense of moral turpitude, even to the point of impracticality.

This is perhaps the most tangibly real element of McCarthy's text, which focuses significant attention to the scorched landscape and its implications. In the passage where McCarthy introduces us to this landscape, he describes the man in a state of observation, telling that "when it was light enough to use the binoculars he glassed the valley below. Everything paling away into thte murk. The soft ask blowing in loose swirls over the blacktop. He studied what he could see. The segments of road down there among the dead trees. Looking for anything of color. Any movement. Any trace of standing smoke."…

Individuals who never come into contact with other societies may live their entire lives without the slightest idea that other societies exist, much less that other social norms and practices besides the ones to which they are accustomed as their reality are possible.

This element of human reality is also responsible for some of the worst recorded human behavior. On one hand, certain parts of human moral thinking is inherent as a natural part of us (Kluger 2007). On the other hand, so much of human morality is determined by subjective social constructs, that practically anything is acceptable to us, even to those of us who are inherently inclined to be good people.

History has shown many times that if the social construct within a given society presents cannibalism, or slavery, or the sacrifice of virgins to volcanoes, or even the systematic mechanized mass-murder of millions as acceptable, few individuals…

Too often in history, Spence continues, the Chinese Muslim communities and their role in the rebel armies that helped topple the Ming dynasty, have been "slighted." On pages 170-172, essayist Morris Rossabi writes that Muslim leader Li Tzu-ch'eng and his rebel armies were crushed by the Ming dynasty in 1638 in Szechwan. But together with Chang Hsien-chung Li built a new army, and their "participation in the revolts of the 1630s and 1640s was the culmination of a large number of Muslim border incursions...provoked by economic factors rather than ethnic or religious issues."

One of the ways in which warriors like Li (who worked with and organized Muslim rebels but is not definitely established as a Muslim) were able to remain powerful is that they "often joined the Chinese rebels" and not very often did they fight battles as a separate Muslim force. This fact has made it difficult for…

He carefully dismantled the story through diligent research into declassified court proceedings as well as many first person narratives. This level of research successfully captures the tension and emotions of the POWs' experience, which is the primary narrative storyline that drives the overall progression. Although Bradley professes a completely unbiased perspective in looking at this narrative, this was not completely the case within the structure of the narrative. Bradley appears to be heavily sympathetic to the Japanese, who he portrays in many cases as the victims of the second World War. The actions committed by the Japanese are attributed to their allegiance to tradition and reactionary measures taken in the wake of U.S. committed atrocities such as the Doolittle bombings. Overall however this book is an extremely worthwhile read. The actual book is a very "tough read," because Bradley chooses not to hold back on the details of the POWs…

Although standards may be infinitely more flexible than they may appear to be, this does not mean that all standards are equally life-sustaining. A cannibalistic society would literally consume itself, even though Montaigne grapples with the innate disgust of cannibalism in the essay where he muses about the possibilities of relativism as an ideology. A society founded upon genocide or warlike violence must be contained, lest it threaten the existences and equally valid perspectives of neighboring cultures.

And there is the paradox that although cultural tolerance of diverse practices may be a new ideal, and itself a cultural product, such tolerance as a universal value is necessary to create a world of multicultural lands living side-by-side in a state of peace. There may be no unchanging world values, but values that enable the world to function and remain in a state of peace and homeostasis must be judged superior to…

Justice Keen's Reasoning

Seemingly going against the rulings of both Foster and Tatting, Justice Keen gave a resounding guilty verdict for a very simple reason- the law of the land is the law of the land, murder is murder, and no grey areas in regard to this should be allowed to exist. Either the defendants are guilty or not guilty, and in the viewpoint of Keen, the defendants are guilty without question.

Justice Handy's Reasoning

Justice Handy's rendering of a not guilty verdict is based on a rather simple set of criteria- the polls of public opinion. Using public opinion polls about the guilt or innocence of the defendants as a benchmark, Handy decided that because the polls overwhelmingly ruled that the defendants were not guilty, so too Justice Handy would rule in the same way. Coming to be known as the Public Poll Theory, Handy let the voice of…

Science fiction and horror both offer narrative closure and "the restoration of the social order," as does Repo Men, only in this case the social order being preserved is completely amoral and evil (Grant 21). It does not end with the monster or alien menace defeated, like Independence Day, Star ars, Terminator or The ar of the orlds, but just a literal return to the

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status quo and business as usual. Repo Men is definitely not an adolescent or 'infantilized' film, with heavy reliance on special effects and light and magic shows, nor do the good guys win in the end -- insofar as there are any good guys at all. It has no real hope or comport to offer, and n this absolutely dehumanized world of the future that lacks redeeming features of any kind, Remy's fantasy existence might actually be preferable to 'reality'. Thus the film is…

"Oh, brave new world indeed," she concludes (11).

Improving Online Education Programs

The growth of "distance education" offerings, also called online education, has been dramatic over the past few years. "Online education has experienced tremendous growth" as colleges and universities -- and private companies that offer training services -- convert "face-to-face classes to online courses" (Revere, et al., 2011, p. 114). riting in the Quarterly Review of Distance Education, the authors review the advantages of learning online, especially for adults and for students employed full time that cannot attend classes. Also, the authors note that online courses can be boring and even tedious when existing eb-based technologies are not put to use (Revere, 117).

"Because communication within online text-based systems does not always flow as naturally as in face-to-face settings," there is a need to embrace technologies to make the class work more interesting and vital (Revere, 120). The authors…

Natureview has, to this point, been successful operating within the natural foods channel. The company has expanded its product range over the years and has become one of the industry leaders in the natural foods segment. Natureview has attained within ten years of startup national distribution in its segment. The company has captured a 24% share in the natural foods market. While this equates to just a 0.7% share of the total yoghurt market, it is a strong starting position. Given the expected growth of the natural foods channel, maintaining this market share in that channel would give Natureview total sales of $26.6 million by 2003. Thus, its objective of increasing sales to $20 million by 2001 is not unrealistic at all. It equates to a 25% revenue increase in each of the next two years. The company has enjoyed a compound average growth rate of 62.5%, while the natural…

controversial than a person could ever imagine. Historical interpretations must be questioned so that faulty historical thinking can be identified. One of the most complicated aspects in historical interpretations is that they are precisely that -- interpretations. This means that people cannot help but look back at history through the lens of today's history; this affects interpretation and today's interpretation will be different than yesterday or tomorrow's interpretation because it will be a completely different time. Historians have a very difficult job because they must be able to take in information and interpret it in responsible ways. Historians need the humility to listen and trust others and the courage to interpret (Cathcart 1995, p. 16)

In studying the past, historians use primary and secondary sources as well as oral history. A primary source is considered to be something that is created by a person who witnessed an event. Examples of…

Delta/N Merger

On April 15, 2008, Delta Air Lines and Northwest Airlines formally announced a merger agreement forming the largest commercial airline in the world; a fleet of almost 800 aircraft. This combined airline, still known as Delta, would have a value of $17.7 billion. In addition, due to the merger and the proposed benefits and synergisms, the company stated that it had come to an agreement with its pilot union to extend the collective bargaining agreement through the end of 2012; providing Delta pilots a 3.5% equity stake in the newly created organization (Rhoades 2008).

On September 26, 2008 the shareholders of both companies approved the merger, with only a Federal antitrust review board's approval. As expected from most analysts, the merger was approved by all requisite Federal agencies, largely due to the minimal overlap between the two carriers' routes and very little threat to competitive industry pressures. A…

Even though the Gypsies in prewar Germany consisted of a very limited per capita population they received massive amounts of attention from the Regime and were left ripe for further marginalization and destruction.

Though they made up less than 0.1% of the German population (between 20,000 and 30,000), Gypsies, like Jews, received disproportionate attention from the authorities as the various agencies of the state sought to transform Germany into a racially pure society. etween 1934 and the outbreak of World War II, a series of laws and regulations created a web of restrictions that set Gypsies apart and severely restricted their ability, individually and collectively, to survive. In July 1934, a decree forbade intermarriage between Germans and Gypsies. 4 the same year, the law permitting the deportation of aliens was extended to foreign Gypsies. 5 in September 1935, the Nuremberg Laws declared the Gypsies "an alien People" 6 and restricted…

Legendary figure, he is one of the charismatic characters of the account. So, in this sense, the author attempts to draw brief characterization of the main characters he is referring to.

One of the tragedies that have happened on the Oregon Trail is the notorious Donner Party incident, when 89 travelers passing through Sierra Nevada in late October were forced to resort to cannibalism until they were saved by rescuers from Sacramento. Tragically, only half of them had survived. The way David Dary describes this in his book seems to bring about, besides a certain eeriness, an appalling perspective that something like this can actually happen between people. Extrapolating this, the author manifests a dislike towards the fact that the Oregon Trail adventure could come along with something quite different and tragic than the profits that the gold and fur brought about.

However, the author manifests his strong admiration for…

Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Maria Tatar, a professor of German at Harvard, is partial to the Tales of the Brothers Grimm, who she claims purged the collection of references to sexuality but left in "lurid portrayals of child abuse, starvation, and exposure and fastidious descriptions of cruel and unusual punishments, including cannibalism" (Showalter Pp). Says Tatar, "Giants, ogres, stepmothers, cooks, witches, and evil mothers-in-law are driven by a ravenous appetite for human fare" (Showalter Pp). Indeed fairy tales always possess the elements of evil, whether in the form of monsters, step-mothers, or sorcerers. The list of how evil is presented in fairy tales is endless. However, one thing is for certain and that is there is always a duel between good and evil within the fairy tale motif.

Mark Twain's "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" possesses many elements of the fairy tale motif. However Stanley Brodwin sees it as an…

Roman view of Christianity

Early Christianity did not develop in isolation, but within a complex landscape already occupied by belief systems, social networks, systems of identity, and political institutions, and it is essential not to regard it 'as somehow independent, as if the church were an entity existing apart from Christians living in particular times and places. Such a treatment neglects how the history of Christianity was influenced and shaped by its cultural environment.'

Foremost among the factors making up that environment was the Roman Empire, itself an amalgam of peoples, creeds and societies. The relationship between Christianity and pagan Rome was a complex and evolving one. This paper will examine Roman hostility to Christianity during this period, and aspects of Roman criticism of Christian belief.

In the earliest period of the Christian church's existence within the Roman Empire, Christians were commonly referred to as troublemakers, offending against Roman order…

Consequently, the social distinctions were not as static as their European counterparts.

Religion was also a major aspect of Aztec life and it has become, perhaps, what they are best known for:

The Great Temple was a place for human sacrifice. Prisoners captured in battle were led up the steps to the platform on top. Here, the prisoners were stretched on their backs over a stone block. That an Aztec priest cut out their hearts with a stone knife. The hearts were burned as offerings to Huitzilopochtli, god of war and the sun, and the bodies were thrown down the steps (Chrisp 2000:16).

This practice was clearly what the conquistadores found most deplorable, most barbaric, and the most incongruous with the rest of Aztec society. The obvious monuments to Aztec achievement -- the towering temples of the sun and the moon -- were used for bloody and horrific shows on…

The main characteristics of the product are (1) its revolutionary concept and (2) the benefits it can bring to the industry and the persons directly involved. The company needs to keep in mind these two characteristics and relate to them as they are presented to the public.

There are several marketing means that can be used for an efficient propagation of the concept and product. The first one would be advertising in the poultry industry publications. Although the case study mentions advertising in magazines as a marketing tool, in my opinion, the company should go a little further than this and attempt to publish articles on the subject, including the research that has shown the hierarchical issues in the chicken pen are less traumatic with the use of the contact lenses. The effectiveness of the research articles would probably surpass simple advertising campaigns in the magazines and are more likely…

There is also an inability to distinguish the product lines from that of the competitors, although the company has succeeded effectively in creating brand recognition for their products. Customer loyalty and brand loyalty of the past cannot always be counted upon to create the necessary profitability for the company.

This is obvious in the case of P & G. that the marketing strategy that the organization uses for different products differ considerably. The financial culture within an organization also affects the marketing culture in any market. Many established companies in the market spend considerable amount of time identifying the best mediums that can be used to market the products to the customer. Peter Drucker stated that markets are not passive entities beyond the control of the entrepreneur or organization. ather, they are interlinked. They can also be influenced. (Drucker, 1954)

G when establishing manufacturing plants for its products in regional…

Homo Erectus: ho was the earliest modern ancestor of today's homo sapiens?

Homo Erectus was a species of mammal that was, in form and function, a modern foreshadower of today's human being. Homo Erectus lived from about 1,900,000 years to about 400,000 years ago. "The Latin word Homo means human being. The term erectus means upright and refers to the creature's upright posture. Homo erectus differed from modern human beings in having a large, projecting face; a low, sloping forehead; and a large brow ridge, a raised strip of bone across the lower forehead. Homo erectus also possessed a large jaw that lacked a chin." (Mann, 2005) The brain of Homo erectus was smaller than the brain of modern human beings, even though this species was able to manipulate simple tools, contain fire, walk in migrating tribes over long distances, and engage in other, modern humanlike behaviors.

Homo erectus is…