Management Course Essays (Examples)

Business Management -- Annotated Bibliography

Eisenberg, J., Lee, H.J., Bruck, F., Brenner, B., Claes, M.T., Mironski, J., and Bell, R. "Can

Business chools Make tudents Culturally Competent? Effects of Cross-Cultural

Management Courses on Cultural Intelligence." Academy of Management Learning & Education. 12.4 (2013): 603-621. Web. 25 July 2014.

Because of the ongoing globalization for businesses and the need to develop management policies and strategies that help the workforce understand and relate to diversity, business schools need to teach management courses on "cultural intelligence"

(CU) Eisenberg and colleagues explain. This article is valuable and the recommendations for business schools should be incorporated because managers working for international firms need skills that allow them to interact with people from a variety of cultures. For students pursuing a business career, the development of cultural intelligence is vital.

Hence, taking courses in cross-cultural management brings knowledge and benefits.

Espedal, B. Gooderham, P.N., and tensaker,…

Scherer, A., Palazzo, G., and Matten, D. "Introduction to the Special Issue: Globalization as a Challenge for Business Responsibilities." Business Ethics Quarterly, 19.3 (2009): 317-

347. Web. 25 July 2014.

This is an article that deals with the ethics of international business relationships. Because national borders are not as politically significant as they once were, global business organizations enter into markets with "ill-defined rules" of conduct (Scherer, et al., 327). Thus, corporations become "political actors" because they make up their own rules as they enter each new market, Scherer points out. The article asserts that global businesses must become accountable democratically and incorruptible as well. The value of this article is in part because it insists that corporate social responsibility (CSR) goes to deeper levels when a firm is operating in a variety of diverse cultures. Also this piece is important to today's business major because ethical behavior in the international market place isn't just recommended, it is imperative for success in terms of profits and accountability as well.

Managing Human esources

Change and conflict are some of the manager's current challenges. This thesis tries to inquire into the change processes and managers response to conflicts that arise as a result of change resistance. The manifestation of conflict and the impact of conflict are also discussed. The thesis also looks into the different theories formulated to explain change process and their relationship to conflict management. Also covered is the way decision makers can mitigate conflict and bring sanity in their organizations.

Today's managers are faced with the trade off between change and conflict. Change has become an irresistible part of organization and managers must therefore come up withy strategies and policies of managing change in an order to reduce conflict that may hinder the performance and also to reduce performance gap.

Introduction

Conflict is bound to occur when different individuals have different perception, opinion, ideas and thought. Change and…

References

Knudsen T.(2003).Human Capital Management: New Possibilities in People Management. Journal of Business Ethics, 21(2),42-45.

Humphreys, M. (2005). Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution: Uncovering the Mechanisms. The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49 (4), 23-36.

Kindler, H.S. (2005). Conflict Management: Resolving Disagreements in the Workplace. London: Thomson/Course Technology.

Kotter, J. (1995, march-april). Leading Change:Why Transformation Efforts Fail. Havard Business School Review, 59-67.

The two basics to keep in mind is that managerial accounting should be used early and often and not just internal stakeholders should be heeded and listened to (Tutor2U.net, 2013).

Conclusion

In conclusion, Thai Airlines would benefit greatly from an entrenched and well-managed managerial accounting framework. It should supplement and complement both the financial accounting mechanisms of Thai Airlines as well as general process management, general product management, marketing, other accounting matters and general business decision making for Thai Airlines. Part and parcel of all of that is integrating stakeholder's expectations and conversely managing the expectations and perceptions of those same stakeholders is also vital on a number of levels. However, if all of the above is managed and managed well, then the outcomes for firms like Thai Airlines that use managerial accounting effectively will tend to be very good.

eferences

Holtzman, M. (2013, May 12). Managerial Accounting for Dummies…

References

Holtzman, M. (2013, May 12). Managerial Accounting for Dummies Cheat Sheet - for Dummies . How-to Help and Videos - for Dummies. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from  http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/managerial-accounting-for-dummies-cheat-sheet.html 

Money-Zine.com. (2013, May 12). Financial vs. Managerial Accounting. Money-zine.com Home Page. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from  http://www.money-zine.com/investing/investing/financial-versus-managerial-accounting/ 

Singha Beer International. (2013, May 14). Singha Beer International. Singha Beer International. Retrieved May 14, 2013, from  http://www.singhabeer.com/ 

Tutor2u.net. (2013, May 12). Accounting - Introduction to Stakeholders. tutor2u | Economics | Business Studies | Politics | Sociology | History | Law | Marketing | Accounting | Business Strategy. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from  http://www.tutor2u.net/business/accounts/stakeholder_theory.htm

The Improve Phase of the DMAIC process is also essential for managing the piloting and testing of the Six Sigma solutions discovered. It is also essential during the new product development process for measuring and quantifying the unique value proposition of the product or service being produced as well. The final phase, Control, is essential in both a Six Sigma and new product introduction process as well (Pestorius, 2007).

Conclusion

The DMAIC process aligns very well to the new product development and introduction process and is used extensively for that purpose in applying Six Sigma to marketing. Six Sigma can change an entire company's culture and make the many processes synchronized and in unison in making new product introductions more profitable and capable of gaining market share as a result.

eferences

Brian Cocolicchio (2007). Sales and Marketing the Six Sigma Way. Quality Progress, 40(9), 79. Link: http://www.sixsigmaselling.com/six_sigma_selling/2006/07/about_sales_and.html

Fundin, a.P., &…

References

Brian Cocolicchio (2007). Sales and Marketing the Six Sigma Way. Quality Progress, 40(9), 79. Link:  http://www.sixsigmaselling.com/six_sigma_selling/2006/07/about_sales_and.html 

Fundin, a.P., & Cronemyr, P. (2003). Use customer feedback to choose six sigma projects. ASQ Six Sigma Forum Magazine, 3(1), 17-21. Retrieved from  http://asq.org/sixsigma/2005/03/use-customer-feedback-to-choose-six-sigma-projects-en.pdf 

Hasan, M., & Kerr, R.M. (2003). The relationship between total quality management practices and organisational performance in service organisations. TQM Journal, 15(4), 286-286.

 http://www.ijbmss-ng.com/vol1no1_ijbmss/ijbmss-ng-vol1-no1-pp113-128.pdf

Management of Work-elated Stress

Who is responsible for the management of work-related stress? While there are those who are convinced that the responsibility of managing work-related stress lies primarily with the management of an organization, others are of the opinion that individual employees have the primary responsibility for managing work-related stress. In this text, I not only state but also substantiate my position on these divergent points-of-view.

The Management of Work elated Stress

In basic terms, "stress is the experience of opportunities or threats that people perceive as important and also perceive they might not be able to handle or deal with effectively" (George & Jones, 2010, p. 245). It is important to note from the onset that although stress related to work is somewhat normal, excessive stress on this front could be counterproductive. This is more so the case in those instances where it affects both the emotional and…

References

George, J.M. & Jones, G.R. (2010). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior (6th ed.). New York: PH Professional Business.

Hawkins, L. (Ed.). (2003). Tolley's Guide to Managing Employee Health. Ohio: LexisNexis Group.

This would allow IM to find individuals from other countries and also to take a more global approach to training and staff development. Hire the "best and the brightest" to rapidly reenergize the organization and product line.

Grow existing lines and existing customers -- Instead of trying to grow rapidly, IM could target its current user base and simply solidify their needs by using market research to contact them and find ways to improve and maintain market share while retaining talent in the current geographical model. This model would be more conservative about hiring and wages, and would of course allow for some expansion, but keeping most of the &D in Waterloo, Canada. This would also retain more control over the design and marketing of the product for those in the organization who prefer to manage each instance and aspect of the organization from a Central --( field mentality.

Aggressively…

REFERENCES

Research in Motion: Managing Explosive Growth. (2008). Ivey Management Services. Cited in:

Patel, N. (January 22, 2010). Motorola Asks ITC to Ban Blackberry Imports. Endgaget.

Cited in:  http://www.engadget.com/2010/01/22/motorola-asks-itc-to-ban-blackberry-imports/ 

Sweeney, a. (2009). Blackberry Planet: The Story of Research in Motion and the Little Device

S. DHS "Strategic Plan," 2008, http://www.dhs.gov/xabout/strategicplan/) ealistically acts of terrorism, domestic or foreign are exceedingly rare, though slightly more common than they have been in the past and at least marginally more violent in nature, they occur very, very rarely. (Lewis, 2000, p. 201) Though maintaining serious preparedness the mitigation of natural disasters, most which cannot be avoided is an issue needed to be addressed almost yearly, on both small and large scales, across the nation and is much more likely to directly effect people and resources on an intimate level and should be the Emergency Management system's first and primary concern! Though worst possible case scenarios, regarding the use of WMDs is important it is not where all the resources should go.

(5. In the course, you have been introduced to the various responsibilities of different levels of government in the homeland security effort. What level of government do…

References

Daniels, R.S. (2007). Revitalizing Emergency Management after Katrina: A Recent Survey of Emergency Managers Urges Improved Response, Planning, and Leadership and a Reinvigorated FEMA -- the Federal Government Has Responded by Making Most of the Recommended Changes. The Public Manager, 36(3), 16.

Department of Homeland Security Website www.dhs.gov

Depoorter, B. (2006). Horizontal Political Externalities: The Supply and Demand of Disaster Management. Duke Law Journal, 56(1), 101.

Hulnick, a.S. (2004). Keeping Us Safe: Secret Intelligence and Homeland Security. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Management

Joseph

Leadership styles: Switching from authoritarian to participatory leadership

Leadership styles: Switching from authoritarian to participatory leadership

There is no singular style of leadership that is appropriate for all situations. The type of leadership that is required to command soldiers in the field of battle is very different than the type of leadership demanded at an advertising agency. The latter situation requires soliciting creative input from all employees, not reflexive obedience like a wartime scenario. At the organization in question, the manager is deploying an authoritarian style of leadership at a company where individuals believe they can make a positive contribution to the organization's growth and development. ather than effectively keeping people in line, the manager's style is merely causing anger and resentment. Also, through manipulating the staff, the manager is 'playing' certain staff members 'off' against one another, rather than creating an effective and united team dynamic. This…

References

Bartle, Phil. (2007, May 17). Participatory management. CMC (Community Empowerment

Collective). Retrieved December 23, 2010 at  http://www.scn.org/cmp/modules/pm-pm.htm

Management Approach That Offers the Best Outcomes

for Knowledge Development

Understanding business, and what that process contains, is extremely complex. It takes years of study and focus to gain even a rudimentary idea of all a company has to do to remain viable. A company has to have employees who understand their jobs, clear work goals for all concerned in the business, accounting practices that tell the actual financial workings of the company and keep government agencies happy, along with many other processes among the strata. Threads run through all of the working practices of an organization which tend to bind it together. These can be tangible communication channels (email, phone lines, other forms of information technology), or they can be intangible. These intangible communication lines are another layer of complexity which the organizations managers have to control and mold. How people deal with one another is the way an…

Works Cited

Cohen, Debra J. "Knowledge Development -- Future Focus: Emerging Issues -- in Human Resource Management." HR Magazine (2003). Web.

de Dreu, Carsten K.W., and Evert van de Vliert. Using Conflict in Organizations. New York: Sage Publications, 1997. Print.

Fischler, Michael L. "From Crisis to Growth…Race, Culture, Ethnicity, Conflict and Change." Education 124.2 (2003): 396-398. Print.

"Knowledge." Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2011.

He wished to build the happiest place on the planet and this message continues to be handed over to the new recruits who join the organization presently also. Disney exists to give a guarantee to the Americans that are there for real. Disneyland is not just unreal, rather it is hyper-real. As a result it is possible to express of the corporate culture of Disney as being created. ("eading Organizations from behavior and experience to representation and experience," n. d.)

4) Explain how the four functions of management support the creation and maintenance of a healthy organizational culture

The four functions of management support the creation and maintenance of a healthy organizational culture as it leads to planning, organizing, leading and coordinating of resources and it is these 4 activities which recur across the institution and are extremely unified. Present features relating to management cover claims leading are distinct from…

References

Arnold, Paul. V. (2002) "Fixing manufacturing" MRO Today Magazine, Retrieved at  http://www.progressivedistributor.com/mro/archives/mro%20coach/Lynch/FixingJJ02.htm 

Bryman, Alan. (1995) "Disney and His World"

Routledge.

N.A. (2007) "Disney Institute Homepage" Retrieved at  http://www.disneyinstitute.com/index.cfm

Management - Is it an Art or a Science?

Management is Art

Management has a lot more closely attached to art than it is to science. usiness management is about working with, as well as influencing other people to fulfill the goals of both the corporations and its associates (2).

Managing in the New Era

Quick transformations that are far-reaching all through each and every feature of business today prompts the corporations to reorganize the method they do things. Even though the customary management replica has developed quite a bit, it is still geared to an unbending composition and command -- and manage state of mind (3). This replica is well modified to an atmosphere where transformation is sluggish and evolutionary rather than fast and radical. It helps put in order procedures and promote a sense of responsibility, order, and discipline (4).

What it is short of is elasticity making…

Bibliography

1) Bjrn Bjerke. Business Leadership and Culture: National Management Styles in the Global. Edward Elgar, 1999.

2) Floyd Norris. A Climb to Riches, One Merger at a Time. New York Times. 2003.

3) Hal R. Varian. Can markets be used to help people make nonmarket decisions? New York Times. 2003.

4) Jeff Madrick. Looking beyond free trade as a solution to helping the developing world. New York Times. 2003.

Management

As organizations become larger in both scope and scale, the need for both management and leadership compounds. Many organization problems today, correlate heavily to a lack of true management. Aspects such as fraud, high employee turnover, product recalls, and strikes, all have origins with management. To better combat many of these negative influences, companies must hire, attract and retain talented management. In order to do so, many companies use the administrative management theory of management. This theory emphasizes the use of planned procedures, job specialization, and merit pay to help facilitate business objectives. I believe this theory to be the most useful in regards to managing an organization. For one, specialization of labor helps increase operational efficiencies with a business. In addition, planned procedures allow both employees and management to have clearly defined goals and job expectations. Finally pay based on merit provides incentive for employee and management to…

References:

1) Manfred F.R. Kets de Vries The Dark Side of Leadership - Business Strategy Review 14(3), Autumn Page 26 (2003).

2) Stroh, L.K., Northcraft, G.B., & Neale, M.A. (2002). Organizational behavior: A management challenge. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

3) Paul C. Dinsmore et al. (2005) The right projects done right! John Wiley and Sons, 2005. ISBN 0-7879-7113-8. p.35-42

4) Lewis R. Ireland (2006) Project Management. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2006. ISBN 0-07-147160-X p.110- 116

When employees are managed for their potential in addition to their contribution, their willingness to openly share and contribute information significantly increases. esistance to change and fear are minimized and employees perceive their role as contributor and knowledge expert over time, not as an employee who is being automated out of a job for example. The critical factors that lead to a learning organization are put into motion by transformational leaders who seek to define a culture inside their organizations of professional growth for subordinates. The focus on autonomy, mastery and purpose is critically important for organizations to grow entrepreneurs (El Tarabishy, 2006) while at the same time overcoming resistance to change as employees don't see the need to hoard information but to add rapidly to it to master their field and be an acknowledged expert or guru in their fields. The difference in behaviors is mastery over one's position…

References

Li Yueh Chen, & F. Barry Barnes. (2006). Leadership Behaviors and Knowledge Sharing in Professional Service Firms Engaged in Strategic Alliances. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 11(2), 51-69.

Karina Skovvang Christensen. (2005). Enabling intrapreneurship: the case of a knowledge-intensive industrial company. European Journal of Innovation Management, 8(3), 305-322.

El Tarabishy, Ayman (2006). An exploratory study investigating the relationship between the CEO's leadership and the organization's entrepreneurial orientation. Ed.D. dissertation, The George Washington University, United States -- District of Columbia.

Ling, Y., Simsek, Z., Lubatkin, M., & Veiga, J.. (2008). Transformational leadership's role in promoting corporate entrepreneurship: Examining the CEO and Top Management Team Interface. Academy of Management Journal, 51(3), 557.

Should the outcomes perform well against the goals, then the performance appraisal process must undergo a re-evaluation. Theories about the underperformance of key outcomes can be matched against feedback from the appraisers and the employees. From that point, a course of action can be developed that will alter the appraisal process to better align it with its objectives. The final step in the control mechanism is the adjustment process. The new ideas must be incorporated into the existing appraisal system. These new ideas must then be tested to determine if they have been as effective as intended, or if they have even moved the outcomes further from the objectives. At this point, the manager is engaged in a feedback loop that exists to continuously improve the performance appraisal process.

Conclusion

Performance appraisals are often conducted poorly, and this has led to considerable criticism of the tool. There are three fundamental…

Works Cited

Heskett, Jim (2006). What's to be Done About Performance Reviews? Harvard Business School. Retrieved November 26, 2008 at  http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5563.html 

No author. (2008). Performance Reviews. Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved November 26, 2008 at  http://www.cmu.edu/hr/hr_services/performance/reviews.html 

Culbert, Samuel a. (2008) Get Rid of the Performance Review! MIT Sloan Management Review. Retrieved November 26, 2008 at  http://sloanreview.mit.edu/wsj/insight/hr/2008/10/20/ 

No author. (2004) Performance Appraisal Handbook. United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved November 26, 2008 at  http://www.doi.gov/hrm/guidance/370dm430hndbk.pdf

Technology Strategies Anticipated to Accomplish Business Goals

GE Lighting Division's expectations for SharePoint were not realized, and as a result, the division moved to adopt a globally-based Partner elationship Management (PM) system that includes integration to both reseller order capture and distributed order management systems so that all channel partners could place orders and track them through manufacturing to fulfillment. GE Lightings' channel management had found that through discussions with resellers that of all applications designed for the five objectives, having a coordinated order capture and order management system was critical. Second, the objective of managing pricing both in terms of quotes and handling pricing exceptions was accomplished through the development of a Special Pricing equest application. As Columbus (2003) has stated, the automating of special pricing requests is one of the highest OI activities for a channel organization to pursue. Third, the automation of lead generation and escalation in…

References

AMR Research (2003) - Configuration is the Heart of Customer Fulfillment for Complex Product Manufacturers. AMR Research Report. Monday March 31, 2003. Retrieved from the Internet on May 31, 2007 at http://lwcresearch.com/filesfordownloads/ConfigurationIstheHeartofCustomerFulfillmentforComplexProductManufacturers.pdf

Columbus (2003) - Squeeze the revenue out of your Special Pricing Requests. AMR Research Alert. Tuesday November 11, 2003. Retrieved from the Internet on May 31, 2007:

http://lwcresearch.com/filesfordownloads/SqueezetheRevenueOutofSPRs.pdf

"The most important issues which have to be addressed here are precise monitoring (diagnosis) of current results and their comparison with what has been planned. Effective managerial control must always be followed by feedback for correcting initial plans " (http://www.bashedu.ru/konkurs/ibatullina/eng/function.htm).

The observation of the way in which people within an organization behave is of extreme importance. ut leaders and managers obtain feedback not just from observations, but directly from people. This provides them with a better understanding of the relation between the actions performed by the individuals and the beliefs which guide their behaviour. An efficacious control upon these factors implies the contribution to the creation and maintenance of a healthy organizational culture.

There are various strategies that an organization can choose to implement in order to make sure it preserves a healthy organizational culture. Among them we can mention the adoption of various principles, such as the following: a…

Bibliography

Baker, Kathryn (2002), Organizational Culture, 19 May, 2007, <

Four Management Functions, 19 May, 2007,  http://www.bashedu.ru/konkurs/ibatullina/eng/function.htm 

Schein, Edgar, H (1992), Organizational Culture and Leadership, San Francisco: Jossey -Bass Publishers

g. In U.K.), organizations are tempted to use positive discrimination for corresponding to contemporary requirements. This implies hiring disadvantaged applicants regardless of their professional competency. For instance, last year, UK's Gloucestershire Police and Avon and Somerset police confessed to have rejected white men for hiring women and ethnic minorities in order to meet Government requirements (http://www.workplacelaw.net/display.php?resource_id=8292&keywords).This is an extremely negative phenomenon as it succeeds in increasing the gap among different groups. Therefore, when encouraging such a strategy, authorities should pinpoint the rationale behind it and should organize conferences and workshops debating this issue.

ibliography

Piturro, Marlene. 2007. Recruiting and Managing a Diverse Workforce. http://www.vault.com/nr/newsmain.jsp?nr_page=3&ch_id=402&article_id=19018&listelement=3&cat_id=1102 (Accessed March 8, 2007).

Price Eboni, Gozu Aysegul, Kern David, Powe Neil, Wand Gary, Golden Sherita, and Cooper Lisa. 2005. The Role of Cultural Diversity Climate in Recruitment, Promotion, and Retention of Faculty in Academic Medicine. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1490155#N0x914e898.0x9306d20 (Accessed March 8, 2007).

usinesses doubt the benefits of…

Bibliography

Piturro, Marlene. 2007. Recruiting and Managing a Diverse Workforce.  http://www.vault.com/nr/newsmain.jsp?nr_page=3&ch_id=402&article_id=19018&listelement=3&cat_id=1102  (Accessed March 8, 2007).

Price Eboni, Gozu Aysegul, Kern David, Powe Neil, Wand Gary, Golden Sherita, and Cooper Lisa. 2005. The Role of Cultural Diversity Climate in Recruitment, Promotion, and Retention of Faculty in Academic Medicine.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1490155#N0x914e898.0x9306d20  (Accessed March 8, 2007).

Businesses doubt the benefits of an ethnically diverse workforce. 2007.  http://www.workplacelaw.net/display.php?resource_id=8292&keywords  (Accessed March 8, 2007).

Cendant embraces diversity as a corporate way of life: Company aims to achieve a workforce that reflects its customers and markets. 2003. Human Resource Management International Digest 11: 12-15.

The people belonging to the third corporate culture are from the engineering culture. This culture is personified by engineers and technical specialists, who believe on the awesome power of the technology in solving the organizational culture. These people believe on the power of the machines in solving human and organizational problems.

According to Schein, people involved with any of the above three cultures often fails to see the other side and the perspective of other culture, often resulting failure in organizational learning. Although people belonging to each of the culture do great service for the organization, yet they fail to see the holistic picture of the organization and fail to share the similar meaning of the organizational problems. The main reasons for these problems certainly occur because of the people inheriting different norms, educational experiences, expectations, and rewards structures in their professions.

Therefore, it is now wonder that an organization…

Reference

Schein, Edgar H. (1996) Three Cultures of Management: The Key to Organizational Learning. Sloan Management Review, fall. 9.

This is also favorable for organizations as a whole, as enhanced leadership skills within employees, means better performance within the company. This is historically proven by the many companies who have implemented the program.

2. Workout can certainly be adapted to any type of organization. It is however emphasized that the program is fairly expensive to implement in terms of outside facilitators and training venues, which might present a challenge to not-for-profit organizations. However, this depends upon the specific resources and needs of an organization.

A not-for-profit organization might for example need only one outside facilitator to train facilitators within the company itself. Existing company facilities could be used for this, as initial training sessions will be small. If there is a need for more funding resources, sponsors can be contacted in this regard. In this it is important that the involved sponsors be aware of the benefits of Workout.…

Management Info Systems

My mother often tells the story about one Summer as I was growing up. Each year, we would host a family reunion at one of the local parks. My mother hated this time of year because the guest list seemed to grow larger every year, and she was in charge of so many things. To her delight, when I was 9 years old, I offered to "manage" the reunion for her. I asked her for all the people who would attend, and spent days quizzing her on who would do what, who would bring what, and even what would the contingency plan be if the weather turned sour or some other unknown were to occur. My contribution to the event was a very precise and colorful chart in which I used up every single color combination in my crayon box, drew lines for responsible people and products…

Management esponsibility and Accountability

Define Accountability and esponsibility

The positions assumed by workers imply a responsibility to complete particular functions associated with those positions. A number of studies have described the term responsibility, when employed in company affairs, as referring to an area of obligation or perhaps duty designated to an individual because of the dynamics of the individual's position, function, or perhaps job. esponsibility might therefore be viewed as being a package of commitments associated with employment or operation. Narrowly outlined, role explains employment classification, which, subsequently, includes, although is not necessarily limited to, functionality (Pimpa, 2010).

Accountability is actually a notion with numerous meanings. It is almost always utilized synonymously through the use of these ideas as responsibility, answerability, as well as administration. However what specifically can this idea imply? Within the most literal meaning, the term accountability indicates simply the "ability" or perhaps the "possibility" that a…

References

Ackerman, J. (2004). Co-Governance for accountability: Beyond exit and voice, World Development, 32 (3), pp.447-463.

Bazerman, M.H., & Banaji, M.R. (2004). The social psychology of ordinary ethical failures. Social Justice Research, 17(2), 111 -- 115.

Clegg, S., Kornberger, M., & Rhodes, C. (2007). Business ethics as practice. British Journal of Management, 17, 1 -- 16.

Fisscher, O., Nijhof, A., & Steensma, H. (2003). Dynamics in responsible behavior. In search of mechanisms for coping with responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(2 -- 3), 209 -- 224.

Managing Across Cultures

Internationalization of the economy has influenced companies to operate their business globally. The global operation has impact managers with several challenges. Market, product, and production plans must be coordinated on a worldwide basis. The global operation necessitates organization structure to balance centralized home-office control with adequate local autonomy. As companies have started their business operation on the international front, the number of their employees has increased. Increase in the employee's abroad management is faced with new global challenges. The three broad international business management challenges were identified by the management gurus as follows (obert, Kossek & Ozeki, 1998):

a) Deployment: To get the right skills where it is required in an organization regardless of the geographical location.

b) Knowledge and creativity distribution: Spreading the knowledge and practices throughout the organization regardless of where they have actually originated.

c) Talent identification and development on global basis: To identify…

References

Drucker, P. (1988) The Coming of the New Organization. Harvard Business Review issue

January-February 1988

Fadel, J. & Petti, M (1997). International HR policy basics.

Global workforce issue April 1997, pp. 29-30

Since, this one lacks structure means that many employees can become confused about their responsibilities. Once this occurs, it can often lead to employee issues, where this confusion can become an issue of contention between the staff and management. As management is telling them to engage in particular activity, yet they don't understand why they are doing such tasks. Over time, this can cause moral to drop as those employees who do not thrive under such a system, begin to lower the overall positive attitude in the work environment. ("Contingency Theory," 2010)

Despite some of the obvious weaknesses, the contingency theory is effective for those organizations that are small. This is because the in formalized structure allows managers / owners the opportunity to adapt to changes that are occurring in real time. Where, they can use their experience and common sense to adjust to various business conditions. As a result,…

Bibliography

Building Emotional Capital. (2004, June 24). Retrieved April 10, 2010, from Executive Education website:  http://executive.education.insead.edu/programme/documents/Nissan_004.pdf 

Contingency Theory. (2010). Retrieved April 9, 2010, from Values-Based Management website:  http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_contingency_theory.html 

Babineck, M. (2006, March 13). The Enron Trial. Retrieved April 10, 2010 from Chron website:  http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/special/enron/3718892.html 

Bissonette, Z. (2008, August 1). How Does General Motors CEO Rick Wagoner Still Have a Job. Retrieved April 10, 2010 from Blogging Stocks website:  http://www.bloggingstocks.com/2008/08/01/how-does-general-motors-ceo-richard-wagoner-still-have-a-job/

Where, the benchmarks will show if the system is helping or hindering the company from achieving its objectives. This is significant, because when it is used in conjunction with flexibility, you can be able to effectively adapt to changes in the markets. With flexibility providing the necessary ingredients to implement such changes, while the use of benchmarks will identify when a management system is becoming unproductive. (Ireland, 2008, pp. 33 -- 39)

The use of knowledge management is when an organization is collecting and analyzing the total amounts of knowledge at their disposal. This would include analyzing all available: resources, employee / managerial skills and documents. This is significant, because it provides a way for an organization to quickly collect and analyze a wide variety of information. At which point, managers can be able to effectively place the different resources and personnel of the company, in those areas where they…

Bibliography

Symptoms of a Dysfunctional Organization. (2005). Retrieved July 9, 2010 from Copper Comm website: http://www.coopercomm.com/dysfnorg.htm

What are Management Control Systems. (2010). Retrieved July 9, 2010 from Wisegeek website:  http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-management-control-systems.htm 

Flamholtz, E. (1998). Case Studies in Changing the Game. Changing the Game. (pp.81 -- 90). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Ireland, D. (2008). Promoting Integrity and Ethical Behavior. Understanding Business Strategy. (pp. 33 -- 39). Mason, OH: South Western.

Another trait of leadership Zinni and Klotz (2009) explore is the ability of a leader to communicate clearly and articulately with the organization and the public. He can no longer afford to be the faceless top of a chain of command. It behooves the modern leader to develop a variety of decision making skills, such as honing his intuition, learning to quickly recognize developing patterns and trends, and quickly communicating his directions and intentions. This also means that today's leader must be able to show the way through times of crisis and change. A leader's ability to calmly steer a course in times of turmoil is crucial to the survival of any enterprise. Finally, a modern leader needs to think and act strategically. He must plan out the future course of action and guide the organization toward achieving the vision he has articulated. He must be able to hold fast…

Bibliography

Cooper, I.D., (2007, May/June). The impotence of importance -- reflections on leadership. Annals of family medicine, 5:261-262. Retrieved June 28, 2010, from www.annfammed.org (25)

Li, C., (2010). Open Leadership: How social technology can transform the way you lead. San Fransico, CA: Jossey-Bass Wiley.

Shulstad, R.A., (2009, summer). Perspectives on leadership and management. Air & space power journal, 11-17. Superintendent of Documents. Retrived June 28,2010, from http://www.airpower.au.af.mil (24)

Spurgeon, P., & Cragg, R., (2007). Is it leadership or management? Clinician in management. 15: 123-125. In R. Chambers, K. Mohanna, P. Spurgeon, & D. Wall, (Eds.). How to succeed as a leader. Oxford, U.K.: Radcliffe Publishing. (21)

This means, assessing where the company is currently sitting, examining the various obstacles that are standing the way of achieving the objective and what possible solutions can used to overcome these obstacles. Once this has been identified, you want to begin taking the different solutions and implementing them. This requires that all managers, work together in making an effort to change the work environment for the better. Where, they will embrace of all the different opportunities as a way to increase productivity within an organization. (Gerhart, 1995) Once, there is agreement on how to move forward, managers must begin communicating what is taking place with employees by addressing those issues that are most important. In the case of communication and employee needs, managers would need to conduct regular meetings with employees, discussing a whole host of issues that could be affecting performance. This means that managers must be proactive, where…

Bibliography

Common Workplace Problems and Solutions. (2010). Retrieved March 21, 2010 from Work Expert website:  http://workexpert.co.cc/commonworkplaceproblems/ 

Bower, T. (2003, June 18). Turning Around a Problem Employee. Retrieved March 21, 2010 from Tech Republic website:  http://articles.techrepublic.com.com/5100-10878_11-5035052.html 

Clinch, G. (1991). Employee Compensation and Firms Research and Development Activities. Journal of Accounting Research 29 (1). 59 -- 78. Print.

Gerhart, B. (1995). Employee Compensation: Theory, Practice and Evidence. Cornell University.

Managing Diversity

Diversity is a fact of American and International business and is a broader, more complex issue than one might initially believe. A universally vital element of global commerce, Diversity has spawned an abundance of theorists, journals and specialists, some of whom are encountered in this composition. Addressing the remarkable breadth and complexity of Diversity, this essay reviews: the nature of Diversity; legally protected classes within the United States; aspects of Diversity that fall outside the scope of U.S. legal protections; the benefits of Diversity for employers; the differences/challenges presented by Diversity for employers; general business adjustments/accommodations for Diversity; and suggested specific business adjustments/accommodations for Diversity. Though this work cannot exhaustively address all aspects of Diversity, it is meant to give a good overview of modern businesses' Diversity issues and possible solutions.

Analysis

Nature of Diversity:

"Diversity" involves legally protected classes of people but also involves other classes of…

Works Cited

Akbari, H. (2008). Education business professionals for year 2010 and beyond: Six critical management themes and skills to emphasize. International Business & Economics Research Journal, 7(7), 57-62.

Comperatore, E., & Nerone, F. (2008). Coping with different generations in the workplace. Journal of Business & Economic Research, 6(6), 15-30.

Domina, C.S. (2011). Our strength is in our Diversity: Fact or fancy? Journal of Diversity Management, 6(1), 1-9.

Figiel, V.L., & Kummel Sasser, M.A. (2010). Factors contributing to employee decisions to ignore Diversity policies. Journal of Diversity Management, 5(4), 11-17.

5. Concerns Associated with the System

The legal concerns associated with the system are relatively reduced and are included in the same category as all the legal concerns faced by companies all over the world. In other words, the system must focus on being objective and fair; otherwise, the company stands the risks of being sued for discrimination and unfair treatment of the staff members.

The objectivity and fairness of the system is not only a matter for legal concerns, but also for ethical ones. If the employees come into contact with information of biased evaluations, they will lose their trust in the entity. This will lead to reduced performances, low employee morale or even high employee turnover rates, generating additional expenditure. Foremost, all these will negatively impact the company's image and perception on the market.

6. Possible Challenges in a Multicultural Workforce

Generally speaking, the appraisal system is objective…

References

Bowman, J.S., 1999, Performance Appraisal: Verisimilitude Trumps Veracity, Public Personnel Management, Vol. 28

Kovach, R.C., 1994, Matching Assumptions to Environment in the Transfer of Management Practices: Performance Appraisal in Hungary, International Studies of Management and Organization, Vol. 24

Lonsdale, a., 1998, Performance Appraisal, Performance Management and Quality in Higher Education: Contradictions, Issues and Guiding Principles for the Future, Australian Journal of Education, Vol. 42

Management Postings

Post

Transforming an organization can be one of the most difficult propositions any leader can face -- also, one with the most opportunity to make a real difference. Ali Curtis was faced with a set of tough conditions when he first moved into the Red Bulls office. After the previous leader left the organization, Henry, there was a large gap in the organization to fill -- both tactically and technically. When Curtis was announced to fill the position, he was meet with outrage from the loyal fan base and members of the organization. For any leader, this position can seem overwhelming and disheartening. In some of the meetings, disgruntled fans even shouted obscenities at him while he was trying to conduct a meeting.

Coaches are often faced with difficult situations. The situation Curtis faced represents one of the more extreme examples of this fact. It is similar to…

Managing Diversity in Organizations

Diversity can be described as the manner of recognizing, appreciating, accepting, respecting, and reveling dissimilarities among individuals with regards to age, class, ethnicity, sex, physical and intellectual capability, race, and sexual orientation (Esty et al., 1995). Diversity has become a significant and beneficial component for organizations. With the constant increase in globalization, organizations have been forced to diversify their set of personnel in the work environment. Employees come from diverse backgrounds, geographical areas, tribal and ethnic origins and bear distinctive diverse abilities and aptitudes. It is essential for people to work together and combine abilities and manage diversity commendably in the environment. Every individual's opinions, activities, and also principles are molded by his or her culture. Organizations have to institute diversity into their structures and policies in order to attain the projected goals and objectives (Esty et al., 1995).

The issue of diversity does not just…

References

Bolen, L., &Kleiner, B. H. (1996). Managing diversity in the workplace. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 3(4), 3-8.

Cox, T., & Beale, R. L. (1997). Developing competency to manage diversity: Readings, cases & activities. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Cummings, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning.

Estyy, K., Griffin, R., Schorr-Hirsh, M. (1995). Workplace Diversity: A manager's guide to solving problems and turning diversity into a competitive advantage. Massachusetts: Adams Media Corporation.

Inducements motivate employees and can also distribute power effectively. A third recommendation would be for Green to admit that he was wrong, take the consequences and work to improve.

The disproportionate use of power conflicted in a bad relationship between two colleagues. Each person sought advice from outside group members. Thomas Green and Frank Davis' issues developed into a great conflict. Power strategies are effectual when properly used, and people of lower status can hold a great amount of power upon higher status employees. Organizational issues influence a person's political performance as well as the amount of power that they hold. Power and political disparity should always be kept within the concerned group.

Secondary tension is the tension that occurs as group members struggle for influence, develop roles, and norms, and explore differences in approaching the group task (Jenkin, 2010). This concept is a summary of what was happening between…

References

Jenkin, Kate. (2010). Workplace Stress. Retreived August 3, 2010, from docstoc Web site:

http://www.docstoc.com/docs/2651516/Workplace-Stress

McShane, Stephen L. And Von Glinow, Mary Ann. (2010). Organizational Behavior, 5th ed.

Boston: McGraw Hill Irwin

First of all, they are aimed to remove any barriers from the path to formation of an entrepreneur. This could easily refer to an increased and easier access to education or the removal of discriminatory practices. The second set of initiatives is oriented towards the specialization of the entrepreneurs and could refer to specialized courses, training or the sharpening of the senses and the skills it takes to become a good entrepreneur.

E: Example: the list of examples in the field of entrepreneurs' initiatives is rather broad, moreover since the contemporary business and scholarly communities are increasingly focused on the role and responsibilities of the entrepreneur. The Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation has set the basis for numerous such initiatives, the most relevant examples in this sense being offered by the Advancing Innovation Initiative, the Initiative for Closing the Gap for omen and Minority Entrepreneurs or the Urban Entrepreneur Partnership Initiative.…

Works Cited

Schaper, M., Volery, T., 2004, Entrepreneurship and Small Business: A Pacific Rim Perspective, Wiley

2008, Grants and Initiatives - Entrepreneurship, Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation,  http://www.kauffman.org/initiatives.cfm?topic=entrepreneurshiplast  accessed on June 4, 2008

2008, Fragments of Donald Trump's Speech, Retrieved from You Tube,  http://youtube.com/watch?v=HXYURZOwbtg&feature=related , June 4, 2008

2008, Michael Dell's Advice to Entrepreneurs, Retrieved from You Tube,  http://youtube.com/watch?v=bBsCZpomy24&feature=related , June 4, 2008

Management of Immunocompromised Patients

In beginning I writer specific nursing assignment. The Question: 2000 Words While clinical placement asked prepare a single room an admission. The patient requiring admission isolation room immunocompromised.

Immunocompromised patients usually require isolation in order to prevent them from becoming infected with infections from other patients which is known as protective isolation. For the immunocompromised patients, their immune system is unable to fight the infectious diseases. There are many diseases or conditions that lead to immunodeficiency in patients.

One is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). The pathophysiology of AIDS starts when the person's CD4+ T cell count begins to decrease as the disease kills these cells. This is HIV-induced cell lysis where the virus enters the CD4+ cells where it inserts its genetic information to the cell nucleus thus taking over the cell and replicating itself. The virus then mutates extremely rapidly thus making it more and…

References

Agusti, C., & Torres, A. (2009). Pulmonary Infection in the Immunocompromised Patient: Strategies for Management. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Bodey, G.P. (2010). Managing Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 40(Supplement 4), S239. doi: 10.1086/427328

Glauser, M.P., & Pizzo, P.A. (2009). Management of Infections in Immunocompromised Patients New York: Elsevier Health Sciences.

Hayden, R.T. (2008). Diagnostic Microbiology of the Immunocompromised Host. Washington, DC: ASM Press.

This differentiation refers to the management and administration of the agricultural resources of the kingdom. This in turn involved an organized network of royal foundations. (Wilkinson 116) the second area of administrative concern was the processing of government revenue and "…its redistribution to the various state operations…" (Wilkinson 116) Wilkinson in his book also deals extensively with managements issues in relation to the Egyptian treasury. (Wilkinson 125)

In understanding the background to management in ancient Egypt one has to continually take into account the wide range of concerns and activities that required ordered control and administration. As Erman states in his work Life in Ancient Egypt (1894), "The enormous properties belonging to the temples required of course complicated machinery for their administration & #8230;certain members of the priestly college were deputed to manage the affairs of the treasury, the commissariat and the correspondence…" (Erman 303)

Taking into account the above…

Managing the Cultural Values and Emotions of Employees

This essay is intended to explain the reasons that determine the use of employees' values management by certain companies and their effects. I consider that this method is not recommended as a strategy for improving the performance standards of employees in such companies. Certain contexts have revealed the fact that managing employees' cultural values and emotions can produce benefits, but this does not recommend the large use of this technique. The Corporate Culture section provides the arguments of several specialists in the field that explain the relationship between corporate culture, employees' values, and their performance. The Benefits of Managing the Cultural Values of Employees section addresses some of the benefits that can be observed in certain situations. The Managing Employees' Values and their Effects section addresses the reduced level of efficiency and other effects that such strategies have on the motivational standards…

5. Parker, M. (2000). Organizational Culture and Identity. Retrieved July 23, 2012.

6. Peters, T. & Waterman, R. (1982). In Search of Excellence: Lessons from America's Best-Run Companies. Retrieved July 21, 2012.

7. Willmott, H. (1993). Strength is Ignorance, Slavery is Freedom: Managing Culture in Modern Organizations. Journal of Management Studies. Retrieved July 23, 2012.

Managing the Effectiveness of the Audit Process

Mission and Objectives of the International Audit Department

Stakeholders

The IAD stakeholder power-interest grid

The Audit Process

Objectives, Scope and Approach of the Research

Purpose and Mandate

Resourcing

Competency Development

Sustaining People Excellence

Tools and Technology

Knowledge Management

Operations

Quality

Governance

People

Infrastructure and Operations

Japan Tobacco International (JTI) is an international tobacco business that is operated by Japan Tobacco Inc. Japan Tobacco Inc. is the third largest player in the international tobacco industry with a market capitalization of 32 billion USD and a market share of 11%. JTI was established in the year 1999 when Japan Tobacco Inc. purchased the operations of United States multinational R.J. Reynolds, for 8 billion USD.

The Internal Audit Department (IAD) of the organization is accountable to the board of directors. The department is headed by the Global Internal Audit Vice President. He took his position in…

Works cited

Anupindi, Ravi. 2006. Managing Business Process Flows. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Leseure, Michel. 2010. Key Concepts in Operations Management. Los Angeles: SAGE.

Mahadevan, B. 2009. Operations Management. New Delhi: Published by Dorling Kindersley (India), licensees of Pearson Education in South Asia.

Slack, Nigel. 2009. Operations and Process Management. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall/Financial Times.

Management and Leadership

Impact of management and leadership

The aspect of management and leadership are very crucial in the success of any organization as long as they are practiced in the right manner and leadership as well as management tenets are put into proper use. These two principles cannot do without each other and they have a kind of symbiotic relationship where one cannot efficiently operate without the presence or influence of the other.

A leader is noted to be that person who has the ability to influence others in order to achieve a common goal that has been agreed upon. A true leader for that matter is one who does not have selfish interests but the interests of those whom he or she relates with and leads in the process of achieving a required goal (Woodroffe Noel, 2012).

The issue of leadership has for long been the subject of…

References

Center for Creative Leadership, (2009). Developing a Leadership Strategy: A Critical Ingredient for Organizational Success. Retrieved May 13, 2012 from http://www.ccl.org/leadership/pdf/research/LeadershipStrategy.pdf

Drew Stevens, 2003. Finish Line Leadership - Qualities for Successful Leadership. Retrieved May 13, 2012 from http://www.expertmagazine.com/EMOnline/030103/finishline.htm

George Ambler (2008). Leaders vs. Managers….. Are they really different? Retrieved May 11, 2012 from  http://www.thepracticeofleadership.net/2008/04/08/leaders-vs.-managers-are-they-really-different/comment-page-2/ 

Larry C. Spears, (2010). Character and Servant Leadership: Ten Characteristics of Effective,

Application to the Specified Measurable Learning Outcomes from Course Syllabus

The first topic applies to the course syllabus in that it distinguishes those aspects of professional leadership that are important to organizational success from those that may represent an excessively superficial focus on leadership over substantive issues in business management. The second topic applies to the course syllabus in that it outlines the definite correspondence of elements of organizational culture and of different approaches to organizational leadership to objective measures of employee satisfaction, motivation, and performance. Finally, the third topic applies to the course syllabus in that it outlines the manner and degree to which different types of industries, organizations, and strategic missions dictate the need for different types of leadership styles and different types of approaches to management within organizations.

Ultimately, the three concepts suggest that leadership does play an important role in organizations but that leadership cannot be…

References

Ismail, A., Zainuddin, N.F., and Ibrahim, Z. "Linking Participative and Consultative

Leadership Styles to Organizational

Commitment as an Antecedent of Job

Satisfaction." UNITAR E-JOURNAL, Vol. 6, No. 1 (January 2010): 11 -- 27.

Managing People -- Wal-Mart

Wal-Mart

Summary of the Company and Facts

Wal-Mart is among many multi-national retail businesses that are well-known. It runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouses all over the world though it's an American multinational retailer corporation. It is also the biggest private employer in the world, to employ such a big number of workers can be very challenging and hence the employee relationship with the management requires thorough evaluation. With corporations such as Wal-Mart always chasing to grow higher and getting better returns come with the temptations to go really wrong in many ways. Wal-Mart does a lot right; it has expanded its productivity by being more efficient and leaner when compared to many companies. Shoppers accrue a lot of benefits from the expansion of Wal-Mart. Like all this retail businesses the employees in Wal-Mart are given low wages, they work on part-time conditions…

References

Ludensky, A. (2008).Wal-mart's Labor problem. Retrieved November 23, 2012 from  http://campusprogress.org/articles/wal-marts_labor_problem 

Cherry, K. (2009).Hierarchy of needs. Retrieved November 23, 2012 from  http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/hierarchyneeds.htm 

Unlimited marketing. (2012). Walmart Workers For Change.Retrieved November 23, 2012 from  http://www.walmartworkersforchange.org/2012/08/walmart-works-to-empower-women/ 

DE-DE Group LLC (2012). Wal-Mart Workers on Strike. Retrieved November 23, 2012 from https://www.thunderclap.it/projects/653-walmart-workers-on-strike

Most audit managers assign supervisory tasks to senior auditors and, in general, consistently encourage more senior auditors to fulfill a mentor role within the audit team.

The dual benefit of this practice is that it fosters greater team unity and a healthier organizational culture, in addition to enabling junior auditors to learn technical skills from their more senior associates. Very often, the types of relationships maintained by senior auditors within their audit teams is one of the most important criteria considered in conjunction with possible recommendations for future promotion of senior (GS-13) auditors to management at the GS-14 level. By the time auditors reach the GS-13 level, they are not readily distinguishable from one another in technical skill (or they would not have risen above the GS-12 level).

Therefore, it is precisely their performance in the unofficial role of "supervisory" auditor that is most often considered the difference between auditors…

REFERENCES

Kinicki, a., Williams, B. (2005) Management: A Practical Approach. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Nowalinski, G. (2001) a Brief History of the HHS Office of Inspector General USDHHS Office of Inspections and Evaluations. Washington, DC: GAO

U.S. Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Public Website, Retrieved March 24, 2008, at http://oig.hhs.gov/organization/OAS/index.html

Still, since it is looking to sell a property asset that is not their main residence, they will be required to pay a capital gains tax, in the amount of 18 per cent (Direct Gov). For an estimated retail price of £150,150, and a tax rate of 18 per cent, Olly Lloyd would have to pay £27,027 in taxes.

For the new employment contract, Lloyd would have to pay taxes in the amount of £5,281. The sum is decreased significantly by deductions adherent to contributions made by Olly to the pension funds (Listen to Taxman).

c) Suggestions for financial management

Leone Lloyd-Cardle is, without a doubt, facing severe problems. In order to restore the responsibility and stability of her financial decisions, the following financial management recommendations are made:

Discussing the problem with her husband. Having reached such a high level of debt indicates severe problems which cannot be overcome by…

References:

Davis, E.P., 2009, Financial stability in the United Kingdom: banking on prudence, OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 717,  http://www.ephilipdavis.com/uk%20financial%20stability%20oecd.pdf  last accessed on December 19, 2011

Inmann, P., 2008, Traders predict house prices will fall by 50% in four years, The Guardian,  http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/jun/09/housingmarket.houseprices  last accessed on December 19, 2011

2009, Residence, domicile and the remittance basis: operation changes, HM Revenue and Customs,  http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/briefs/income-tax/brief1709.htm  last accessed on December 19, 2011

2011, Tax liability, Investopedia,  http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/taxliability.asp#axzz1gxx7hXX1  last accessed on December 19, 2011

Management Awareness

What are the benefits of a comprehensive control program? If you were advising this corporation, what would be the specific benefits for them?

The benefits of a comprehensive internal control program include: the ability to monitor for unusual activities and it will increase vigilance. This will help to prevent fraud by providing actuaries with an actual way of discovering when these events are occurring through early detection. It is at this point that the negative impact on the firm and various stakeholders can be minimized. (Silverstone, 2011, pp. 14 -- 16)

Once this has been consistently implemented, is when it will have an impact on the entire organization by creating an atmosphere that is looking for these issues. When different staff members are actively involved in the process, this will make it difficult to be able to conduct any kind of fraudulent activities. In the future, this will…

References

Biegelman, M. (2012). Executive Road Map to Fraud. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Bizmanualz. (2002). Accounting and Book Keeping Procedures. New York, NY: Routledge.

Goldman, P. (2011). Financial Services Anti-Fraud Risk. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

Silverstone, H. (2011). Forensic Accounting. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

3 Strategies of CDC

As mentioned in the introduction, the Centers for Disease Control and prevention has developed and implemented six sets of strategies as follows:

Health Impact Focus - the alignment of CDC's employees, objectives, strategies, investments and performances in order to maximize the CDC's beneficial effects upon public health

Customer Centricity - Like any other corporation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is focused on offering those products and services required and needed by the population in order to improve and preserve their health

Public Health esearch - the CDC funds and conducts numerous researches aimed at identifying new treatments and any other issues which would positively affect the public health

Leadership - the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention possesses the best skilled and qualified employees, guided by the most committed managers and supported by strategic partners, all to improve the health system within the United…

References

Etheridge, E.W., 1994, Sentinel for Health: A History of the Centers for Disease Control, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Volume 24, Number 4

Friede, a. And O'Carroll, P.O., 1996, CDC and ATSDR Electronic Information Resources for Health Officers, Journal of Environmental Health, Volume 59

1994, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Emerging Infectious Disease Threats, Population and Development Review, Number 13

1999, CDC on Infectious Diseases in the United States: 1990-1999, Population and Development Review, Volume 25, Number 3

All identified causes within CDE Apparel indicate that the high employee turnover is due to voluntary reasons, rather than involuntary. In other words, the staff does not leave because they are forced to, due to restructuring, firing or retirement, but rather because they choose to (Adorno).

6. Alternative Courses of Action

The solution to the current problems facing CDE Apparel resides in reducing the employee turnover. And this can theoretically be done through the implementation of a wide array of managerial strategies, such as employee selection programs, outsourcing, corporate culture or motivational forces, briefly presented below:

Employee selection programs encompass numerous strategies and measures implemented by the employer in the hiring process and can be used to efficiently reduce turnover (Adorno). This basically means that the manager at CDE will select those candidates which are best skilled to do the job and which perfectly integrate within the corporate culture, whichever…

References

Adorno, a.J., Understanding and Combating Employee Turnover in Call Centers, DeGarmo Group, Retrieved at  http://www.degarmogroup.com/pdf/Employee_Turnover_Article.pdfon  March 17, 2008

Droege, S.B., Hoobler, J.M., 2003, Employee Turnover and Tacit Knowledge Diffusion: A Network Perspective, Journal of Managerial Issues, Volume 15

Johnson, C., 2006, Employee Turnover, Reference for Business,  http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/encyclopedia/Eco-Ent/Employee-Turnover.html , last accessed on March 17, 2008

Sheehan, E.P., Hockett, C., 1988, the Effects of Employee Turnover on Those Who Stay, University of Northern Colorado, Retrieved at  http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED299500&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED299500on  March 17, 2008

" (fom Wold envionmental news, Intenet edition)

Besides developing flexible legislation that will distibute the functions of ecycling between manufactues and municipal sevices thee has to be a definite and developed pogam that would specialize on the optimal and the most exhaust utilization of electonic waste, eduction of e-waste landfills and incineation. Recycling pogam should not be limited to the ecycling of CRT monitos, as thei ownes ae moe likely to bing the whole obsolete compute system to the ecycling, not just compute monitos.

The benefit of integal pogam of ecycling is that it allows using a vaiety of mateials used in the electonics manufactuing like pecious metals, semi-pecious metals, and some electonic items in the euse.

The most impotant pat of the e-waste management is seach of the most appopiate and qualified patnes in the technical o pactical pat of the poblem solution. This poblem is of the essential…

reference: being reused repaired and modernized; being recycled and the most ecologically disadvantageous solution is simply being land filled. But the realization of these practices faces a lot of obstacles mainly of financial character. All of them are quite expensive and do not bring desired return.

That's why scientists and economists agree in the following: recycling of e-waste has to be the concern of electronics manufacturers. Loop industry is the most optimal solution to the problem as the manufacturer becomes responsible for the recycling of the products he makes. Introduction of such practices has the negative outcomes of course. Because technological process becomes more complicated and intensive, requires involvement of additional equipment and facilities on the hand with new labour the net value of the production increases and so the customers would have to pay more for electronics.

Another direction in the solution of e-waste problem is export of e-waste to the developing countries, where the process of recycling is cheaper and the possibility of e-waste to be reused, repaired and modernized is higher. Moreover some third world countries use unpopulated territories for e-waste. Anyways, this kind of solution is not appropriate again, because most of these practices somehow avoid law regulations of these countries and cannot have a mass character. It only creates additional problem which would have to be solved in close future.

As most of experts agree that recycling of e-waste has to be the problem of e-products manufacturers they have to develop different effective strategies and technologies for the most optimal solution of this problem: starting form transportation of e-waste from customer to the process of recycling. At this point global environmental community has to cooperate and share new practices and approaches in solving this problem. It refers both to technology and legislative regulation of the problem.

And in developing own strategy for e-waste management the officials of different countries have to work together and adopt practices of each other that are being effective. Countries of European Union had already made the first steps to the solution of this problem, making manufactures to be responsible for the waste caused by their products. The United Sates and Canada should start to introduce these practices as well, if they want to achieve ecological balance and safe coexistence of scientific and technological progress with health of humanity.

In fact I sincerely wanted to help them find positions where they could excel. The lack of trust on their part and the acute resistance to change was so strong that structuring for integration to the point of even defining what conditions needed to be changed to overcome shortcomings and design a new position for them was not possible. As trust was not present and despite my best attempts to earn it through being genuinely concerned about them, all attempts were seen more as patronizing and less about attempting to help them. On the occasion that they did ask for pay increases, I told them they would need to get their cumulative customer satisfaction scores up and also call volumes. Not interested in the position or excelling at it, these employees refused to improve and when let go, saw it as very personal given my continual efforts to help them…

References

Alexander, Kenneth O. "Worker Ownership and Participation in the Context of Social Change: Progress Is Slow and Difficult, but it Need Not Wait upon Massive Redistribution of Wealth. " the American Journal of Economics and Sociology 44.3 (1985): 337. ABI/INFORM Global. ProQuest. 25 Oct. 2008

Timothy Bartram, Gian Casimir. "The relationship between leadership and follower in-role performance and satisfaction with the leader:the mediating effects of empowerment and trust in the leader. " Leadership & Organization Development Journal 28.1 (2007): 4-19. ABI/INFORM Global. ProQuest. 24 Oct. 2008

Douglas Brownlie, Paul Hewer, Beverly Wagner, Gran Svensson. "Management theory and practice: bridging the gap through multidisciplinary lenses. " European Business Review 20.6 (2008): 461-470. ABI/INFORM Global. ProQuest. 24 Oct. 2008

Huei-Fang Chen, Yi-Ching Chen. "The Impact of Work Redesign and Psychological Empowerment on Organizational Commitment in a Changing Environment: An Example From Taiwan's State-Owned Enterprises. " Public Personnel Management 37.3 (2008): 279-302. ABI/INFORM Global. ProQuest 27 Oct. 2008

This also includes making sure that bias is not an influence in the decision making process.

Conclusion

Change is often brought about by internal and external factors. The desired change in any organization cannot be brought about without implementing organizational change strategies. The entire process requires assessing, planning, implementing, benchmarking and keeping an eye on the goals and objectives of the organization. To bring about the preferred changes a strong, secure and motivated leader is necessary. In this fast paced world where each and every company fights to survive and grow, the leader must be able to expand vision and unite the organization. Adjusting to new competitive and market demands is a significant instrument for both organizational and personal survival. To bring about a desired change in an organization careful formulation of organization change strategy in order to address the key variables that affect the change outcome is required (Strategies…

References

Allwood, C, & Salo, I 2012, 'Decision-making styles and stress', International Journal of Stress Management, 19, 1, pp. 34-47, viewed 21 March 2012.

By, R 2005, 'Organisational Change Management: A Critical Review', Journal of Change Management, 5, 4, pp. 369-380, viewed 21 March 2012.

Decision Making Confidence. 2012. A Variety of Rational Decision Making Models. [ONLINE] Available at:  http://www.decision-making-confidence.com/rational-decision-making-models.html . [Accessed 21 March 12].

National Defense University. n.d. Strategic Leadership and Decision Making. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ndu/strat-ldr-dm/pt1ch4.html. [Accessed 21 March 12].

Management of Stress and Tension

Goals-- What do you wish to complete?

The answer to attain a postgraduate degree can develop into a very long journey. For me, the contending aspects of time and financial resources constantly appeared to present problems and control the situation. In truth, it would be considerably much easier to provide every single argument present against returning to institution at this time. One can say that numerous considerable life-changing occasions experienced just recently would be cause or motive enough to put off the commencement of the Master's of Business Administration (MBA) program. Concerns associated with household loss and task modification can be made use of as proof in support of delay. Financial pressures can likewise exist yet an additional motive that the moment in time, endeavor, and cost needed for an MBA would not be a required use of resources. Nonetheless, regardless of every one of…

References

Center for Applications of Psychological Type, Inc.. (2011). What are archetypes. Retrieved from http://www.capt.org/discover-your-archetypes/about-archetypes.htm

Cohen, B. (2001, April 21). Average Salary for First Year Accountants. Retrieved from eHow Money: http://www.ehow.com/info_8271661_average-salary-firstyear-accountants.html

Curtis, J. (2009). Life change stress test. WebMD. Retrieved from  http://www.webmd.com/hw-popup/life-change-stress-test 

Hansen, R.S. (n.d.). The Master of Business Administration: Is the MBA Worth the Time, Effort, and Cost? Retrieved from Quint Careers:  http://www.quintcareers.com/MBA_degree.html

I will address the group with a general overview of the problems the company is facing, with the assertion that I believe it can be rectified. I will ask each employee to work together for the good of the company and its survival in the e-business world. The purpose of the conference will then be to involve every employee in restructuring the company in a more effective way.

To achieve this, I would divide the employees into smaller groups of 10 members or so each. The first issue to address is the vision, mission and goals. Each group will be asked to come up with suggestions. The second step will be to identify the various actions to reach the goals, and the third step will be to more effectively restructure the company. For the latter, the groups will be provided with a list of the divisions within the company. They…

Managing Out -- the Public Sector in the Community

Two major economic positions have dominated the public sector for more than a decade. One side believes that the government should take primary responsibility for the welfare of its citizens, while the other contends that greater reliance on the private sector is the method by which an economy can be more effectively managed. The first idea has largely been gleaned from the works of Keynes. He was an economist who believed that government intervention was required to maintain a stable economy and that the state was better equipped to be the central figure in economic management because it has a duty to the citizens which the private sector does not (Pressman, 2011). The counter to this politically liberal position is that of Frederich Hayek. He believed that free markets were the best regulators of the economy ( Griffiths, 2007) and that…

References

Bhatti, Y., Olsen, A.L., & Pedersen, L.H. (2009). The effects of administrative professionals on contracting out. Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration, and Institutions, 22(1), 121-137.

Broughton, C., & Chalmers, J. (2001). Reconsidering the revolution? Australian public sector administration in 2000. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 60(1), 81-88.

Caldwell, B. (2011). Hayek on socialism and on the welfare state: A comment on Farrant and McPhail's "Does F.A. Hayek's Road to Serfdom deserve to make a comeback?" Challenge, 54(1), 82-97.

Davis, G., & Wood, T. (1998). Is there a future for contracting in the Australian public sector? Australian Journal of Public Administration, 57(4), 85-97.

Management Action and Productivity

usinesses in developed countries tend to think of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a characteristic that is centered in their own businesses or, failing that, situated in the industries of wealthier nations. The CSR movement is substantively skewed in the direction of the developed world where the motivation for adopting a CSR initiative is driven more by altruism -- or "enlightened self-interest" (Vogel 2006: 18) -- than profit margins. It is unusual to find a perspective that considers CSR from the perspective of a sourcing company. In the centrically-oriented corporate arena of the developed world, CSR is seen as originating with the company that establishes a supply chain with a multinational company -- not the other way around. In order to manage and control ethical issues arising from doing business with overseas markets, many corporations rely on a social compliance model (PricewaterhouseCoopers 2007).

The social compliance…

Bibliography

Buying your way into trouble? The challenge of responsible supply chain management. 2004. Insight Investment, HBOS. London, UK: Acona Investment Consulting. Retrieved  http://www.acona.co.uk/reports/Buying+your+way+into+trouble.pdf 

Cooper, D.R. And Schindler, P.S. 2008. Business Research Methods, 10th Ed. Edition, McGraw-Hill.

Environics International 3rd Annual CSR Monitor. 2002. (In November of 2003, Environics became GlobeScan Incorporated. [Press release] Retrieved  http://www.globescan.com/news_archives/csr02_press_release.html 

Eslenshade, J. 2004. Monitoring Sweatshops: Workers, Consumers, & the Global Apparel Industry. Temple University Press.

Management

For the most part, information is processed in similar ways by the different browsers. Firefox is my default browser, and I am familiar with how it processes information. I have NoScript activated, so Firefox processes data through this filter that blocks unwanted and hidden scripts from the computer. The two browsers with which Firefox is being compared are Internet Explorer and Safari.

In general, the more basic the webpage the more basic the browser is with respect to the way it processes information. There are few differences in the way that pages are rendered, for example, so most pages look the same. Firefox will block out some pop-ups and other unwanted things more effectively than the other two. The speed at which the browsers process the information varies, however, with Internet Explorer being noticeably slower.

When moving on to different functions, there are some interesting things that come up.…

Management Account in the Public Sector and Management Accounting in the Private Sector: A Comparative Review

The late 20th and early 21st centuries have brought increasing change to almost every country in the world, Australia included. Globalism describes, in fact, the increasing unification of the world through economic means (reduction of trade barriers, support of international trade, and mitigation of export and import quotas). They goal for globalization is to increase material wealth and the distribution of goods and services through a more international division of labor and then, in turn, a process in which regional cultures integrate through communication, transportation and trade. The overall theory is that if countries are tied together cooperatively economically, they will not have needed to become political enemies. Additionally, the idea of globalism and international trade has changed the way Australian's view public and private businesses and the opportunities afforded them because of investment,…

Works Cited

Alexander Performance Management, Inc. 2004, Private vs. Public Sector, viewed May 2012, .

Broadbent, J & Laughlin, R 1988, 'Public Private Partnerships: An Introduction', Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, vol 16, no. 3, pp. 332-41.

Financial Accounting Standards Board 2012, Convergence with the International Accounting Standards Board, viewed May 2012,  http://www.fasb.org/international/convergence_iasb.shtml .

Funnell, W & Cooper, K 1998, Public Sector Accounting and Accountability in Australia, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney.

Management: Annotated Bibliography

Anyim, F.C. (2012). The Imperative of Integrating Corporate Business Plan with Manpower Planning. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(8).

This article talks about how traditionally, manpower planning as human resource activity is something that is utilized by institutions to make sure that they have the proper number and the accurate types of individuals that are performing jobs at the right places and during the right time all in a proposal to achieve business purposes. The article also explains how Business plan looks to recognize the many issues critical to the achievement of the association. The article likewise emphases on how the organization can be better positioned and equipped to contend effectually in the marketplace, while manpower planning, and contribute to the industry by providing the means (individuals) to complete the results from the planning procedure. This essay is beneficial gives theoretical explanations and inspects the authoritative…

Works Cited

Anyim, F.C. (2012). The Imperative of Integrating Corporate Business Plan with Manpower Planning. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(8).

Bewayo, E. (2005). Business Plans: Why Do We Teach Them? Northeast Business & Economics Association (NBEA) -- Established in 1973, 492-495.

Boni, A.A. (2012). The pitch and business plan for investors and partners. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 18, 38 -- 42.

Brush, S. (1993). Developing a hotel business plan: A how-to manual. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 34(3), 72.

The overall economy is growing slowly, and those within our target market have not experienced the steep decline in employment that other demographics have suffered. Income levels in our target demographic have changed little as the result of the recession, so there is little cause for concern about the economic macroenvironment when launching this product. Golf continues to be a popular sport, despite flatlining interest in the United States (Nohcud, 2008). There is strong growth in golf overseas, in Asia in particular, and this provides encouragement for the long-term growth prospects of the Tracker.

One marketing issue that needs to be researched is with respect to the culture of golf, in particular the target market of the Tracker. This is important because the tone of the advertising message will be in part dictated by the culture of our golfing target market -- it could be jocular or it could be…

Works Cited:

Nohcud, S. (2007). Why golf's popularity has mushroomed. iSnare. Retrieved February 3, 2011 from  http://www.isnare.com/?aid=186590&ca=Sports