While the decision has hung over states as one national standard, it infringes the essential principles of federalism and separation of powers that are rooted in the country's constitutional system (Silversten, 2011).
During the time that the Supreme Court made this ruling, the state of Georgia basically had the same position on punishment for the crime of rape with many states. Actually, very few states permitted the executions or enforcement of capital punishment for convicted rapists. Similar to many of the states, Georgia did not permit the execution of individuals convicted of rape mainly because of the constitutional requirement of proportionality. However, the Supreme Court made its ruling and conclusion through considering the objective indicia of the country's attitude toward capital punishment in rape cases. Nonetheless, this cannot be justified under the Constitution because the Supreme Court could have simply left the decision in place and restricted itself to analyzing…...

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References:

Adam, B. (2008, June 25). SCOTUS: Execution of Child Rapists Cruel, Unusual,

Unconstitutional. Retrieved July 29, 2012, from  http://www.dailykos.com/story/2008/06/25/541659/-SCOTUS-Execution-of-Child-Rapists-Cruel-Unusual-Unconst-l 

Berman, D.A. & Bibas, S. (2008). Engaging Capital Emotions. Retrieved from Northwestern

University Law website:  http://www.law.northwestern.edu/lawreview/colloquy/2008/17/

Supreme Court Case
Supreme Court Decision in e Waterman, 910 2D (N.H. 2006)

The Case

The case addressed in this section of the report is that of Supreme Court case In e Waterman, 910 A.2d 1175 (N.H. 2006). In this case, Tracy Waterman, working as a trooper for the New Hampshire State Policy was informed on August 29, 3003 that Vicky Lemere, the wife of one of Waterman's fellow troopers, informed Lieutenant Nedeau, one of Waterman's supervisors, that Waterman made threatening remarks about her supervising officers. Lamere alleged that Waterman stated she would 'like to put a bullet in Lieutenant Nedeau's head' and would 'like to deck Sergeant McCormack' if they yelled at her." (Webster, 2007, p.1)

Facts of the Case

Webster's report on this case states that an internal investigation was initiated by the State Police (Division) in which a number of witnesses were interviewed "including Lamere and Waterman." (Webster, 2007, p.1) It is…...

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References

Webster, L. (2007) The Magic Lasso: The Implications of Waterman on Public Employees in New Hampshire. New Hampshire Bar Association, Bar Journal, Summer, 2007. Retrieved from:  http://www.nhbar.org/publications/display-journal-issue.asp?id=371 

In re Waterman, 910 A.2d 1175 (N.H. 2006) in: Webster, L. (2007) The Magic Lasso: The Implications of Waterman on Public Employees in New Hampshire. New Hampshire Bar Association, Bar Journal, Summer, 2007. Retrieved from:

Supreme Court cases (Muller V. Oregon) women's right
hy it was an issue of national importance

The Muller v. Oregon case was among the most crucial Supreme Court cases in the U.S. during the progressive regime. The case held an Oregon law that limited the working days for female wage employees to a maximum of ten hours. In 1908, this case created a precedent to expand access of national activities into the frameworks of the protective labor legislation (Hartman, Roy, and Cindy 74). In the Brandeis Court Brief, the defense circumvented previous decisions by the Supreme Court, which had emphasized the freedom of workers to contracts free from state regulations. The defense stressed formal legal logic through medical information and social science to argue that overworking female workers were detrimental to their health. The argument proceeded that the state was interested in counteracting this. The court won because the society was interested…...

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Work Cited

Bloomfield, Maxwell. Constitutional Ideology and Progressive Fiction. Westport, Conn. [u.a.: Quorum Books. 2008. Print

Collins, Ronald & Friesen, Jennifer. Looking Back on Muller V.Oregon. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe. 2009. Print

Goldstein, Leslie F. The Constitutional Rights of Women: Cases in Law and Social Change. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press, 2008. Print.

Hartman, Gary R, Roy M. Mersky, and Cindy L. Tate. Landmark Supreme Court Cases: The Most Influential Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States. New York: Facts on File, 2004. Print

Supreme Court of Mississippi. CASH DISTRIUTING COMPANY, INC. v. James NEELY.
Facts

In 1973, James Neely started working for Cash Distributing Co., a company that distributed Anheuser-usch products in several parts of the United States. The company had offices in Columbus, Starkville and Tupelo. During the 1990s, James Neely was heading the Columbus office. y this time, Anheuser-usch started to look more closely at the way some of its rules were enforced, something that was not traditionally the practice in the past, when the company was more informal about these procedures. The company's new CEO, Danny Cash, also aimed to properly enforce these new rules and regulations.

However, James Neely refused to abide by all these new regulations, particularly since, throughout his career with the company, these had never been required. As a consequence, in March 2000, Neely was dismissed and replaced as the head of the Columbus office by another employee who…...

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Bibliography

1. Cash Distributing Company Inc. Vs. James Neely. On the Internet at   Last retrieved on February 4, 2014http://caselaw.findlaw.com/ms-supreme-court/1112377.html .

2. Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967.   Last retrieved on February 4, 2014http://finduslaw.com/age-discrimination-employment-act-1967-adea-29-us-code-chapter-14 .

3. Last retrieved on February 4, 2014http://law.justia.com/cases/Mississippi/court-of-appeals/2006/co31449.html.

Supreme Court Case
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson was an extremely important one, and one which set a significant precedent in the United States that would not be overturned until the Brown v. Board of Education decision in the middle of the 20th century. The former case set the precedent for what was known as the separate but equal doctrine. The principle question considered in this case was whether or not segregation -- a distinction between facilities, services and treatment of people -- could be lawfully determined based on race. Prior to the Supreme Court's ruling on this case, the state of Louisiana passed a law known as the Separate Car Act which mandated that African-American and Caucasian passengers in the railroad system had to sit in different cars based on their race. There was no federal consensus on this law, which had merely operated at the state…...

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References

Wormser, R. (2002). Plessy v. Ferguson. www.pbs.org. Retrieved from  http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_plessy.html

Supreme Court Summary
Case: Snyder v. Phelps

Docket Number: 09-751

Petitioner: Albert Snyder

Respondent: Fred W. Phelps, Sr.

Facts of the Case:

The family members of Marine Lance Cpl. Matthew Snyder filed a lawsuit against the members of the Westboro Baptist Church of Louisiana. The members of the church had picketed at Snyder's funeral. The family alleged that the church members were guilty of defamation, invasion of privacy, and intentionally inflicting emotional distress to the Snyders. The U.S. District Court Judge Richard Bennett awarded the family $5 million. The U.S. Court of Appeals said that the ruling violated the 1st Amendment right to religious expression.

Constitutional Issues in the Case:

The case was a discussion of the First Amendment rights to free speech and freedom of religious expression, even in cases where the speech is perhaps distasteful.

The Decision of the Case:

The Supreme Court voted 8 to 1 in favor of Phelps. Judge Alito was the one dissenting opinion.

The…...

Supreme Court Justices
Chief Justice John G. Roberts

Biography

John Glover Roberts Jr. was born on January 27, 1955, in Buffalo, New York. Roberts grew up with three sisters, Kathy, Peggy, and Barbara and his mother Rosemary. His father, John Sr., a plant manager at Bethlehem Steel, moved the family to Long Beach, Indiana, when Roberts was in fourth grade. After grade school Roberts attended La Lumiere School, a Roman Catholic boarding school in La Porte, Indiana, where he was, by all accounts, an excellent student and athlete ("John G. Roberts, Jr., Chief Justice of the United States").

Upon completion of high school Roberts attended Harvard College, receiving his A.B. In 1976 and a J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1979. Roberts began his career as a law clerk for Judge Henry J. Friendly of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit Court from 1979-1980 and as a law clerk for…...

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Works Cited

"John G. Roberts, Jr., Chief Justice of the United States." Biographies of Current Justices of the Supreme Court. Supreme Court of the United States. 2011. 27 August 2011.

"John G. Roberts." The New Tork Times. NYTimes.com. 26 July 2010. 27 August 2011.

MSNBC. "Should Supreme Court justices be appointed to serve life terms?" MSNBC/politics. 1 May 2009. 27 August 2011.

Three decades following the original Court decision, many Americans continued to believe that the oe v. Wade decision was morally wrong and strongly believed that it should, and could, be overturned. Other Americans, however, continued to just as strongly support the oe v. Wade original decision. They had a deep moral belief that a woman should not be coerced by the country's law to bear a child if, for what she believes the reason, to do so. Having a child is a private or family decision as the U.S. Supreme Court's noted in its decision in1973
Thus, in 1992, both sides of the issue were concerned when the ruling once again went to the Supreme Court in Planned Parenthood V Casey, this time with a new justice makeup. Sandra Day O'Connor and David Souter were retired. The Court circulated an opinion upholding what was called the core of oe but…...

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References:

Oyez. Planned Parenthood V Casey Website accessed April 10, 2010.  http://www.oyez.org/cases/1990-1999/1991/1991_91_744 

Stanton, S.S. (2005) Since Roe V Wade: American Public Opinion and Law on Abortion. CSA

Website accessed April 10, 2010.  http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/roe/overview.php 

Totenberg, N.(April 9, 2010) For Decades, Stevens Molded High Court Rulings. Website accessed April 11, 2010  http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=123075821

In another case, New Jersey v TLO (1985), it was decided that teachers and administrators actually have somewhat expansive rights when it comes to determining if a student is in violation of school policy or the law. Specifically, when a student was accuse y a teacher of having been smoking in the bathroom and the student denied it, her belongings were searched by the principal. This search revealed cigarettes and marijuana, but the search itself was challenged, and this challenge made it all the way to the Supreme Court. There, the justices decided that students had a reduced expectations of privacy at public schools, and that therefore the search had not violated the student's Fourth Amendment freedom from unreasonable searches. This has led to many search initiatives primarily geared towards eradicating drug, alcohol, and tobacco use in schools but has also been applied in searches for weapons and other potentially…...

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References

Justia. (2010). www.justia.com. Accessed 4 September 2010.

Oyez. (2010). www.oyez.org. Accessed 4 September 2010.

7. Sester v. United States - Docket No., 10-7387 -- The question is whether a district court has authority to order a federal sentence to run consecutive to an anticipated, but not-yet-imposed, state sentence ?

8. Williams v. Illinois - Docket No., 10-8505 -- The question is whether a state rule of evidence allowing an expert witness to testify about the results of DNA testing performed by non-testifying analysts, where the defendant has no opportunity to confront the actual analysts, violates the Confrontation Clause?

9. Missouri v. Frye - Docket No. 10-444 -- The question is can a defendant who validly pleads guilty successfully assert a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel by alleging instead that, but for counsel's error in failing to communicate a plea offer, he would have pleaded guilty with more favorable terms?

10. Howes, Warden v. Fields - Docket No., 10-680 -- The question is whether a prisoner is…...

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References

Preview of the United States Supreme Court Briefs 2011-2012 Supreme Court Briefs. (2011).

Retrieved from  http://www.americanbar.org/publications/preview_home/alphabetical.html 

Supreme Court Docket. (2011). Retrieved from  http://www.jud.ct.gov/external/supapp/summaries/docketsup.htm

Tat's wy I am instructing my Administration to get to work immediately wit Congress on tis issue. We are going to talk wit bipartisan Congressional leaders to develop a forceful response to tis decision. Te public interest requires noting less.
Eigt justices did concur tat Congress as te responsibility to require corporations to disclose teir spending and to run disclaimers wit teir advertisements, for "disclosure permits citizens and sareolders to react to te speec of corporate entities in a proper way," Justice Kennedy wrote. Te majority referenced a myriad of past decisions tat recognize te First Amendment rigts of corporations. Justice Stevens conceded tat "we ave long since eld tat corporations are covered by te First Amendment."

In Justice Kennedy's view, "…Wen te government seeks to use its full power, including te criminal law, to command were a person may get is or er information or wat distrusted source e or…...

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http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2010/01/reactions-to-the-supreme-court.html 

7. Savage, David. (9 February 2010) Corporate Free-Speech ruling speaks of shift in Supreme Court, Los Angeles Times.

Accessed at:  http://articles.latimes.com/2010/feb/09/nation/la-na-corporations-court10-2010feb10

Johnson Controls, Inc. (886 F.2d 871 (7th Cir. 1989).
The Supreme Court heard this case because they were concerned with an employer's gender-based fetal-protection policy. The question was whether an employer could exclude a fertile female employee from certain jobs because of its concern for the health of the fetus the woman might conceive. In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court struck down the employer's fetal protection policy as violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil ights Act. The Court held that this policy, which barred fertile women from jobs involving lead exposure or which could expose them to lead through the exercise of job bidding, bumping, transfer or promotion rights, constituted facial discrimination on the basis of sex. Moreover, the Court rejected the employer's argument that the policy was permitted under the bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) exception to Title VII (International Union, UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc.…...

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References

International Union, UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc. (886 F.2d 871 (7th Cir. 1989), cert. granted,

110 S. Ct. 1522 (1990)). BLACKMUN, J., Opinion of the Court. Retrieved March 28,

2011, from Web site:

 

D. joined the Majority. Justices Blackmun, H.A. And Powell, L.F. wrote a special and regular concurrence respectively. In addition to voting with the majority, O'Connor S.D. joined Powel's concurrence.
Writing Dissenting Opinion(s): Stevens, J.P. filed a dissenting opinion in which Marshall, T. And Brennan, W.J joined. Brennan also filed a separate dissenting opinion in which Marshall T. joined.

Case 5

Citation: Santa Fe Independent School District v. Jane Doe (2000)

Argued: March 29, 2000

Date Decided: June 19, 2000

Vote: 6-3: The policy adopted by the Santa Fe Independent School District with regard to allowing prayers that were led and initiated by students during sporting events went against the First Amendment's Establishment Clause.

Facts of Case: Students in Santa Fe Independent School District were allowed to offer prayers (mostly Christian) using PA systems before football games commenced. Two parents -- one a Catholic and the other a Mormon - filed a suit in objection to this practice.…...

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References

Alexander, K. & Alexander, M.D. (2011). American Public School Law (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.

Hinchey, P. (2001). Student Rights: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc.

Imber, M. & Geel, T.V. (2010). A Teacher's Guide to Education Law (4th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

Oyez. (2011). Brown v. Board of Education (I). Retrieved from  http://www.oyez.org/cases/1950-1959/1952/1952_1/

Supreme Court vs. The First Amendment:
Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)

While at war with Germany during World War I, the United States Congress passed the Espionage Act, outlawing any attempt to foster insubordination or obstruct the draft. The Espionage Act, which was passed in 1914, made it illegal to defame the government or do anything that might impede the war effort.

Charles Schenck, a general secretary of the Socialist Party who opposed the war, printed and distributed 15,000 copies of a pamphlet urging citizens to oppose the draft which he likened to slavery. Many of Schenck's pamphlets were mailed to draftees and he was later arrested for conspiring to print and circulate material that would obstruct and hinder the enlistment service of the United States. Schenck argued that the Espionage Act violated his rights to freedom of speech and press.

The case Schenck v. United States questioned whether Schenck's…...

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Bibliography

Chin, Jonathan and Alan Stern. "Schenck v. United States (1919)." ThinkQuest Library.

1997. http://library.thinkquest.org/11572/cc/cases/schenck.html

Estrich, Susan. "The Thin, Thin Line Between Safe And Free." USA Today. 13 September 2001.  http://www.usatoday.com/news/comment/2001-09-13-ncguest1.htm 

Goodwin, Jean. "Schenck v. United States." The Free Speech Website, Northwestern University. 4 January 2000. http://faculty-web.at.nwu.edu/commstud/freespeech/

O'Brien and Burgess were armed during an attempted robbery. Count three of their condemnation charged them with using a weapon so as to commit a robbery with violence offence, which carries at least compulsory five-year jail term. The count four states using a machinegun to commit crime carries a thirty year compulsory minimum term. The government thenceforth challenged and disapproved the fourth count on the arguing that it could not set up the count beyond a realistic doubt. However it lamented that machinegun provision was a sentencing augmentation to be decided by the District Court upon a sentencing on count three. Subsequently, the court disapproaved count four. Further, it discarded the government's sentencing-augmentation position. O'Brien conceded that he had committed the crime and was sentenced to a one hundred and two-month jail term. Burgess too conceded and was sentenced to an eighty four-month jail term. Basically, the 1998 adjustment…...

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Reference

Cornell University Law School, Legal Information Institute. Supreme Court. 28 May 2010

One of the more shameful moments in American history was the establishment of internment camps for Japanese-Americans during World War II.  Ostensibly started because the United States was at war with Japan, it is interesting to note that there were no similar internment camps for people of Italian or German descent, despite the fact that Italy and Germany were also part of the Axis powers that fought against the Allies in World War II. 

Prior to World War II, Japanese began immigrating to America for work opportunities.  They initially immigrated to Hawaii, which was annexed by the United....

Certainly! Here are some essay topics on Donald Trump:

1. Analyzing Donald Trump's presidency: Successes, failures, and controversies.
2. The impact of Donald Trump's immigration policies on the United States.
3. Donald Trump's approach to foreign relations: An examination of his diplomacy strategies.
4. The role of social media in Donald Trump's political communication.
5. Investigating the economic policies and their effects during Trump's presidency.
6. Donald Trump's impact on the Republican Party: Transformation or deviation?
7. The rise of populism and its connection to Donald Trump's presidential campaign.
8. Analyzing the media's portrayal of Donald Trump's administration: Bias and influence.
9. A comparative study: Donald Trump and previous....

Certainly! Here are some essay topic ideas related to Barack Obama:

1. Analyzing the major accomplishments and legacy of Barack Obama as President of the United States.
2. Exploring the challenges and obstacles faced by Obama during his presidency and evaluating his responses.
3. Investigating the impact of Obama's healthcare reform, the Affordable Care Act (ACA), on the American healthcare system.
4. Discussing Obama's approach to foreign policy, focusing on significant events such as the Iran nuclear deal or the Paris Climate Agreement.
5. Examining the Obama administration's efforts to address climate change and promote clean energy.
6. Assessing the economic policies and strategies implemented by....

1. The impact of social media on the 2020 Presidential Election
2. The role of race and identity politics in the 2020 election
3. The influence of foreign interference in the 2020 election
4. The polarization of American society during the 2020 election
5. The rise of political populism in the 2020 election
6. The role of the Electoral College in the outcome of the 2020 election
7. The role of gender in the 2020 Presidential Election
8. The impact of COVID-19 on the 2020 election
9. The importance of swing states in determining the outcome of the 2020 election
10. The impact of voter turnout and voter suppression....