Tsunami Essays (Examples)

Tsunamis

A succinct definition of a tsunami is " ... A natural phenomenon consisting of a series of waves generated when water in a lake or the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale. ( Wikipedia: Tsunami) A more explicit and technical definition is, " A tsunami is a very long-wavelength wave of water that is generated by sudden displacement of the seafloor or disruption of any body of standing water. Tsunamis are sometimes called "seismic sea waves." ( Nelson A.)

The essential characteristic of a tsunami is therefore a radical displacement of water. This displacement of water can be caused by various events, such as, earthquakes, ocean landslides, volcanic eruptions and large meteorite impacts as well as large explosions. The effect of a Tsunami depends on the severity and size of the initial causative factors and the original displacement of water mass. The effects can range from a…

esides the deaths, more than one million people were left homeless and hundreds of thousands homes and businesses were destroyed. The United Nations estimated that, "...the disaster will prove to be the costliest ever recorded, with full economic recovery not expected for up to 10 years in many areas. " (Intute: Science, engineering and technology: Tsunamis)

The physical structure of the coast and the environment was severely damaged which meant that flora and fauna was disrupted and destroyed. "The extent of this damage is being assessed and will likely vary considerably depending on the local topography and hydrology." (Anonymous: Impact of Tsunamis on Ecosystems)

In addition to the environmental damage and pollution caused by the Tsunami was the fact that non-biodegradable waste such as plastics led to an increase of marine debris.

Another environmental aspect was that, "Toxic wastes, which were inadequately stored, may have been dispersed."

Anonymous: Impact of…

Tsunami Relief and Reconstruction

The images on television were unimaginable. The number of deaths, staggering. The stories of survival were both heroic and miraculous. Even today, some months later, the news is still filled with reports concerning the December 26, 2004 tsunami that literally devastated many areas of Indonesia. Relief efforts have been under way since the first few days of the disaster and have come from virtually every area of the world, however, what took nature only minutes to destroy will likely take man some years to rebuild.

A tsunami is a natural phenomenon consisting of a series of waves generated when water in a lake or sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale, due to an earthquake, landslide, volcanic eruption, or large meteorite impact, with effects that can range from unnoticeable to devastation (Tsunami pp). The term tsunami comes from the Japanese language meaning harbor

"tsu," and…

Tsunami arning Systems as Potential Disaster Mitigaters

Large-scale disasters are more possible in today's world than ever before. Due to both natural and man-made phenomena, the latter of which comprises everything from global warming to nuclear weapons, catastrophes are much more prescient. These disasters have been seen in various instances, especially in the Pacific, the most recent of which is the tsunami that hit Japan. Tsunamis are a deadly natural force in themselves, but combine them with the damage to a nuclear power plant and one has a veritable code red catastrophe with which to deal.

One way in which the world has begun to protect itself from such disasters are through various mitigating systems. This is what this paper will discuss. However, with respect to tsunamis, for instance, one must first ask if these systems are truly helpful; in other words, do they work? The official Tsunami arning System…

Tsunami arning System

The December 2004 tsunami shocked the world, literally taking it by storm. It killed nearly 300,000 people in Thailand, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and its devastating effects were felt as afar away as Africa, where several people died as a result. The tsunami was preceded and directly caused by a magnitude 9.15 earthquake that occurred off the coast of Sumatra. Although there was a significant lag between the time that the earthquake hit and the time the tsunami ravaged the land, residents of affected nations were inadequately warned and insufficiently prepared to face the impending tsunami. As a result of inadequate warning systems in the Indian Ocean, the death toll from the disaster was outrageously high; final tallies are still being updated. A tsunami warning system is not infallible, as tsunamis are difficult to detect from the deep ocean. However, the Pacific Tsunami arning System (PT) can…

Data has shown that society was previously inclined to underestimate tsunamis and their power. Advancements in tsunami studies have made it possible for the masses to become better acquainted with the concept and with the fact that it can practically happen more frequent than they thought. In addition to that, it appears that no coast lines are protected from tsunamis, as they can be affected more or less, mainly depending on their location and on the intensity of the tsunami (Gonzalez).

Tsunamis occur less frequently than other natural events, but this does not mean that they are to be ignored by the authorities in charge of such disasters. "Regardless of their origin, tsunamis evolve through three overlapping but quite distinct physical processes: generation by any force that disturbs the water column, propagation from deeper water near the source to shallow coastal areas and, finally, inundation of dry land" (Gonzalez).

The…

However she warning device should always be checked and monitored in a way that it is guaranteed effective in sending signals way ahead of the disaster.

A good tsunami warning system would be well-placed instruments with good communications that are able to send data immediately and effectively. The information has to be made available within ten minutes via satellite... (Daily Post, 2005)

Thus the warning system must be installed in almost, if not, all oceans and seas around the world. This is because every sea or ocean is prone to tsunami. Like the Indian Ocean, no body can remember when was the last time (if there really is) that a tsunami has occurred in this body of water, but the 2004 tsunami has proven that it can indeed occur in this part of the continent.

More so, oceanographers can maximize the use of the technology present today. There are reports…

North Carolina Tsunami Risks tsunami is a wave train, or series of waves, generated in a body of water by a sudden disturbance that vertically displaces the water column. Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and meteorites impacts, can generate tsunamis. It was generally believed until a few years ago that only earthquakes and shockwave-generating disasters such as nuclear blasts and meteorites could generate a tsunami. However, scientists have uncovered a new culprit: underwater landslides. These can be precipitated by underwater topography and vary according to its shape. As deadly as they are, tsunamis have generally been limited to areas of the Pacific Rim that are susceptible to catastrophic seismic activity. Recent discoveries about the nature of the continental shelf off the coast of Cape Hatteras have lead scientists to re-consider their likelihood.

The last major tsunami to hit the United States occurred in 1964 when an earthquake occurred in Prince…

Deadliest Tsunami

The Indian Ocean Tsunami on 2004 was one of the worst that the region has ever experienced over a very long period of time. It reached a magnitude of 9.0 and originated from the Indian Ocean at the North West coast of the Indonesia island of Sumatra. There were waves of up to 15 meters in height and the waves travelled to distances of up to 5,000 kilometers inland with sufficient force to cause damage and kill people (National Geographic News, 2005).

There were a total of eighteen countries that were significantly affected by this tsunami namely: Indonesia, Thailand, India, Sri-Lanka, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Maldives, eunion Island (French), Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius, Somalia, Tanzania, Kenya, Oman, South Africa and Australia (George Pararas, 2005a). As of February 10, 2005 the death toll that had been accurately taken tolled to 226,566 people. This death toll was an underestimation as the demography…

International Disaster:

The Indian Ocean 2004 Tsunami and Earthquake

The International Response to the Indian Ocean Disaster of 2004

The ational Geographic has called the Indian Ocean Tsunami and Earthquake of 2004 the deadliest disaster in history. The disaster itself killed well above 200,000 individuals from over five different countries. The magnitude of the earthquake was above 9.0, and there were no ways in which to let the individuals in these five countries know what was coming. The death toll was high, the destruction even more massive. The power of the earthquake-generated tsunami rivaled that of all weapons (including nuclear devices) utilized in the Second World War. The international community thus had one of the shortest time frames to respond to the largest documented disaster in human history. With many villages destroyed or isolated, as well as less than utilizable roadways and runways for supplies to flow in, the international…

Seaside Tsunami Awareness Program

Preparedness

Saving an indefinite and undeterminable number of lives has proven to depend on effective education and emergency management in tsunami events in the U.S. -- and likely, everywhere else (NAS, 2011). Safety and survival ultimately depend on communities and individuals at risk with the precise knowledge and capability to decide correctly and act promptly and preferably before the event. This knowledge and this capability can only be gained and developed through education before the event. Prolonged shaking of the ground and the drawing down of the shoreline are the natural indications, especially in local communities. These are hints of arriving waves within minutes. No assistance is likely in the early moments or even days, so knowledge and capability are the only things to rely on. There are better opportunities for those communities and individuals at risk to distant tsunamis. Official warnings may be able to…

A 2006 study that examined the rates of depression and other mental health disorders following the December 2004 tsunami found that large numbers of people still faced significant health impairment from the event, and that treatment had been negligible when compared to relief and rebuilding efforts in other areas (CDC 2006). These efforts would likely be made far more effective and efficient, however, if mental health issues were dealt with. Addressing the depression and other mental health maladies that the people suffered from following the tsunami would have led to a better adjusted and more productive (as well as healthier) population.

There was an effective degree of trauma care provided immediately after the tsunami struck, but preventative care measures could have been stepped up during this time to forestall and mitigate the spread of infectious diseases that often comes after a major disaster event (WHO 2005). Obviously, trauma care was…

Disasters

Tsunami in Japan

Japan has been having a series of natural disasters of great magnitude from some of which are recorded as early as 1920s with the most common disasters being the earthquakes resulting from seismic actions and storms. The worst of the quakes took place in 1923 with a casualty of 143,000 deaths followed by the March 2011 quake that occasioned a tsunami.

The magnitude of the 2011 earthquake in Japan that triggered the Tsunami from within the Pacific Ocean was 8.9 magnitude, a scale that way higher than the other quakes that have been happening in this region and the surrounding. It is worth noting however that this quake had been expected over many decades by earthquake specialists and geologists. They anticipated a huge earthquake but the magnitude of the quake was way higher than they expected hence the reason for the huge number of people…

U.S. based company concerned earthquake, tsunami nuclear power plant accident occurs Japan? 2. With rapid technology, boundaries industries redefined. What industry company Google ? Who Google's main competitors today competition ? 1 page 1 Reference Case 9: Panera read Company 2012 - Pursuing Growth a Weak Economy, Arthur A. Sources

First of all, all companies today operate in a global business environment, where local influences are often felt and have repercussions worldwide. In this specific case, there are several reasons why the American company should be concerned with such an event. It has a significant impact on the Japanese market, lowering the purchasing power of existing and potential customers.

At the same time, there are potential negative effects on the political and economic system in Japan. The government will need to invest in the saving operations, which will likely impact the budget and lower the chances that Japan can offer…

Tsunami Numerical Modeling

Tsunami Modeling

Tsunamis, along with other massive natural disaster events such as earthquakes, hurricanes and so forth, represent one of the most (if not the most) destructive natural disaster event that has occurred in the past or that could occur in the future. They typically coincide with earthquakes in a given area but accurately predicting and projecting when they will occur, when they will not occur and the methods of predicting both has become a fairly chaotic and fickle endeavor. However, the use of computer and numerical-based modeling has represented a shift in that it can more accurately predict what will or will not occur when earthquakes and other conditions relative to tsunamis occur and avail themselves to geologists, oceanic experts and other scientists that are the least bit involved in predicting tsunamis and warning the populace around the world about the same. After explaining the data…

In fact, the entire damage was caused by the tsunami itself along with other factors like the geology and geography of the region. The damage that the tsunami caused to mainland India, a seismically quiescent region, was concentrated mainly on the eastern coastline but some damage due to diffraction also occurred on the southernmost tip of the western coastline. A factor which played a major role in the scale of devastation that occurred in this region is the bathymetry of the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal is quite shallow with an average depth of 2600 meters. The shallowness can be attributed to the huge amount of sediment that the Ganges iver deposits in it. (Strand; Masek, 40)

After the earthquake, the bay was sealed off by the deep Sunda Trench and the tsunami waves were reflected back towards the Indian Ocean striking the eastern Indian coastline within two…

pictures can speak louder than words, and this is clear in the photo entitled "U.S. Navy: An aerial view of damage to akuya, Japan after a 9 magnitude tsunami." The photo initially looks like picture of a tiny child's toy boat, which is floating in a muddy sea of debris. The boat looks brave and cheery, as it floats amidst the muck, garbage, and flotsam and jetsam of people's belongings. However, the first, deceptive glance of the photograph quickly ebbs away as the viewer becomes aware that he or she is bearing of witness to one of the greatest human tragedies to strike a nation, as a result of a natural disaster, in the 21st century. The photograph highlights the smallness and vulnerability of the human condition in the face of epic destruction beyond human control.

Japan's long national nightmare began when an 8.9-magnitude earthquake, the "fifth-largest recorded since 1900"…

einsurance

For many people, the field of insurance can be very confusing. This is because these organizations will often engage in activities that are designed to reduce risks. ecently, there have been a number of incidents that have led to an increase in liabilities for these firms. The thesis statement will focus on the four different types and the impact of a large natural disaster (i.e. The Japanese tsunami of 2011).

The purpose of this assignment is to understand the strategies that reduce risks and the way they are utilized. This will be accomplished by focusing on: reinsurance methods for sharing in the losses, the excess of loss treaty, the quote share treaty, facultative reinsurance, the surplus -- share treaty and the methods used after the Japanese tsunami. Together, these factors will explain the different tactics utilized in reducing risks and dividing the liabilities among various firms. ("Definition einsurance," 2013)…

Threats due to weather include floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes and blizzards. Planning for weather events should be very realistic in nature. Major weather events usually occur in 25, 50 and 100-year cycles. Disease outbreaks are also a big threat. A potential flu pandemic could be detrimental to many businesses. For example, the bird flu pandemic scenarios that are floating around are being modeled on the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. That global outbreak killed 500,000 people in the United States and more than 20 million people worldwide. Since that time there have been two other smaller scale flu pandemics, each that killed hundreds of thousands of people. The flu is just one disease that can cause a business disaster situation around the world (Business Continuity during a Disaster, 2008).

ecent years have also shown that terrorism threats are a real possibility that needs to be considered. Terrorism is a great…

Speed here is of essence and spices like flying fish are able to jump out of water to escape predators. Others that lack like jellies are transparent. Turtles will have a shell to protect them. Gills enable animals to manage different water pressures like the sharks while whales have the capability of holding their breaths for longer periods. On the other hand, since the benthic zone does not allow sunlight to reach it due to its depth (beyond 600 feet), some fish and crustaceans, at this level do not see, in fact half of the species at this level are blind. In this sense, the organisms have adapted to produce their own lights from their specialized parts in their bodies known as photophores. In addition, since there is lack of phytoplacton to start the food chain, life is limited and fish have adapted to fulfill their needs. For instance, some…

Aside these impacts however, more salient effects are observable, such as a necessity to change internal practices of business. A relevant example in this sense is given by Wal-Mart, in its quality of America's largest retailer, which decided, unlike within the U.S., to allow Chinese employees to unionize (Dessler, 2006). The official approach of the Chinese leaders was that of implementing reforms which further capitalize on the low cost labor force advantage in order to continually attract investors.

5. The Market of Exchange ates

The final step of this analysis is constituted by the look at China's currency policies, in an attempt to reveal if the policies implemented have played any part in the country's competitiveness within the global market. China's currency, the yuan, was pegged to the United States Dollar in 1997, but the link only lasted until 2005. Since then, the mechanism of resetting the value of the…

Long-Term Effects of Adverse Nature

Long-term Implications of 2004 Indian Ocean Disasters

Long-term effects of the 2004 Indian Ocean Disaster

2004 Indian Ocean Disasters

Indian Ocean is the third vastest water body in the world wide, casing an average of 68.556 million km2. It is the mass of water body around Africa, Asia, the Southern Ocean and Australia. It has four main accessible waterways, the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (along Djibouti and Yemen), the Strait of Hormuz (along Iran and Oman), and the Strait of Malacca (Indonesia and Malaysia) among other minor ones. The ocean has been attributed to many economical advantages ranging from providing a means of transportation, food, recreation and for the extraction of valuable mineral resources. However, the ocean has major confluences with terrific and adverse water disasters such as disasters, tsunamis, aftershocks, earthquakes among others.

2004 Disaster

In 2004, the Indian registered the worst…

The big three will likely weather the tsunami, as completely different entities than they have been in the past, possibly even more strikingly different than they were before and after the Japanese management style implementation in the 1980s. ith these and other changes likely in the industry in the near future The industry will once again prove flexible and innovative in changing with the times.

orks Cited

Brown, Shona L., and Katleen M. Eisenhardt. 1997. The Art of Continuous Change: Linking Complexity Theory and Time-Paced Evolution in Relentlessly Shifting Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly 42, no. 1: 1.

Chrysler Sale Could Herald Auto Industry Restructuring. 2007. Manila Bulletin, May 16, NA.

Klier, Thomas. 2005. Determinants of Supplier Plant Location: Evidence from the Auto Industry. Economic Perspectives: 2.

Klier, Thomas H. 1995. The Geography of Lean Manufacturing: Recent Evidence from the U.S. Auto Industry. Economic Perspectives 19, no. 6: 2.

Lung, Yannick.…

These massive walls of water travel faster than a commercial jet as they descend upon cities and islands. The energy and force of a Tsunamis is the massive transference of potential energy, caused by the shifting currents of the ocean, into kinetic energy that active pushes the Tsunamis forward. In 2004, one tsunami traveled 375 miles in a mere 75 minutes, about 300 miles per hour. Energy however is not just limited the massive, and the mystical, it is present in every form of life. In our own bodies, energy is the driving force behind why our heart pumps blood and why we have the ability to breathe. We use chemical energy, kinetic energy, heat energy, etc. To power the basic functions of our bodies.

imply put, energy drives every stage of life, it is in attempting to find the factors that influence how energy is used and cultivated that…

Most economists feel that if China's currency were allowed to trade freely, it would be a whole lot more. No one can know for sure how much more, but leading economists put it in a range of 10 to 40% higher value than it is now (Davidson 2006),

By keeping the Yuan artificially low in value, China is effectively giving the U.S. consumer a discount on all Chinese exports. By doing this they are discounting their own exports. This is good for many U.S. consumers because it allows them to buy cheaper clothes and electronics along with many other items. But on the other had it is bad for U.S. manufacturers who can't compete with low Chinese prices in the end. Some U.S. manufacturers have adapted by buying many component parts at a lower cost from China. The ability of a manufacturer to adapt depends on the company and the…

mass shooting could have been prevented. The key to knowing what to do in the future is to understand how to recognize signs of mental illness and stability. In this case, the gunman "had been expelled, possibly for behavioral problems." It is clear the school understood that this student had problems. Yet even after the expulsion, the school did not do enough to ensure Goh's mental stability. The issue was not necessarily bullying, as the headline suggests. Students might have been teasing Goh in a good-natured way. After all, a large number of Americans speak English as a second language and it would be odd for someone to get maliciously teased for it. Goh reacted in an extreme way because he was mentally unstable. He had suffered trauma (after the unresolved death of his brother) and had a history of behavioral problems. Students like him need monitoring, counseling and intervention…

Tomorrow was an excellent film that definitely fuels interest in climate change. The film is an action packed portrayal of how climate change could potentially cause extreme weather events, though the scientific basis for the events shown in the movie are extremely exaggerated. The abrupt climate change that is shown is has no real basis in the current literature, however it does provide an entertaining and thought provoking view of some of the consequences of anthropogenic influences on the Earth's natural systems.

I had mixed emotions about the dramatizations about climate change. On one hand, it definitely makes the viewer wonder if such occurrences are even remotely possible. The way that the director presents the viewer the perception of real science that is taken place can lead the viewer to do their own investigations to verify if the science behind the movie is true. However, if they do this then…

This is a critical feature of the tool that best suits IDM, as Writeboard enables its users to maximize the use of technology to deliver messages efficiently without compromising the credibility and accuracy of messages being transmitted to other members of the organization.

Clear messages delivered through a simple channel or platform such as the Writeboard will help members save time from understanding a specific disaster or relief management issue, enabling them to respond to the issue faster and more effectively. Its text-only feature enables users to communicate and send messages through a simple platform, eliminating clutter and unnecessary "noise" that could compromise the message being sent and cause misunderstanding or miscommunication in the course of the message transmission.

The versatility of Writeboard is furthered by its applicability and accessibility through other different technologies. It can be accessed through different web browsers, such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, and…

The failure to be able to deal with the fallout of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans caused many overstressed hospital workers to respond in what would later be regarded as a horrific manner. Investigators "were stunned when health care workers charged that a well-regarded doctor and two respected nurses had hastened the deaths of some patients by injecting them with lethal doses of drugs" allegedly in an act of mercy due to the inability of rescue workers to evacuate the patients in an effective fashion" (Fink 2009:1). The New Orleans doctor implicated in the patients' deaths argued that "informed consent is impossible during disasters and that doctors need to be able to evacuate the sickest or most severely injured patients last -- along with those who have Do Not esuscitate orders -- an approach that she and her colleagues used as conditions worsened after Katrina," given she believed that many…

Nik and the following is my problem. I have been assigned to a beautiful island in order to help my team, Alex and Chris, set up their work site. Kava, the island itself, is battered with more challenges that I have ever lived with that include tidal waves/tsunami; typhoons/hurricanes; tornadoes; floods; fires; volcanic eruptions; earthquakes. Add to this mixture HIV / AIDS; petroleum spill; high risk for avian flu; and terrorism and you understand why I am queasy about the chances of success and, more so, perplexed about where to start. Aside from the above external problems that impact the project, internal challenges include disorganization of the work location and site; shoddy H procedures, chaotic organizational structure; and non-harmonious workforce that has been reflected in the organization's history of high turnover.

My task, according to Alex and Chris, consists in helping them establish a greater presence in Kava. Ways of…

A lack of local understanding by FEMA and & #8230;. Caused a clear inability for these agencies to exercise their logistics plan during such a catastrophic event.

The first clear weakness was experienced by FEMA, the national organization appointed to deal with supplementing local relief efforts and providing extended services to those in need in an event of a natural disaster or terrorist attack. FEMA is supposed to work as a supplement to local emergency service efforts, and as such it is supposed to be in tune with the capabilities and procedures of the local agencies that were on the front line of Katrina disaster relief. However, the research shows that "there was nobody that even knew FEMA's history, much less understood the profession and the dynamics and the roles and responsibilities of that states and local governments" (University Transportation Centers Program, 2007, p 22). Essentially, FEMA operatives were not…

Disaster ecovery

ecovery: Disaster and Crisis

Disaster recovery has become an important aspect of a company's strategic plan. The main reason for an increased concern can be attributed to the fact that integration and alliances at an international level have increased so that there are more linkages and higher interdependencies that have increased the exposure of people to international risk. This also means that companies are more prone to be affected by a force majeure impacting a vendor located in another part of the world. Some cases that have recently come to light in the spate of the Japanese Earthquake are the impact on General Motors leave alone Nissan. Moreover, giants such as Sony have been impacted in the wake of natural disasters in Thailand where a Tsunami impacted the Integrated Chip provider, making it difficult for Sony to continue to manufacture its products.

In light of these vulnerabilities it…

This course has played a critical role in my professional development in organizational management. One of the most important lessons I have obtained from the course relates to management of change in an organization. This is an important lesson since organizations in today’s business environment are faced with the need for managing organizational change because of the changes in the business environment. As I reflect on the insights obtained from the course, I have learned about change management and found some readings, resources, and assignments helpful in this process as well as some that did not fully engage me. However, I also feel that there are some aspects of change management that I still need to know more about and research more deeply after this class.

Prior to undertaking this class, I knew that change management is a relatively complex process that is difficult to carry out. I believed that…

Tourist Behavior Toward Nature-Based Tourism Activities

For most of the developing countries tourism industry is playing a very important role in boosting their economies. In 2004, it was found out that Asia Pacific was one of the fastest growing tourism regions (Cruey, 2005). According to WTO, up to 3% of world's tourism market is made up of Thailand, Indonesia, India and Sri Lanka. It was in 1970's that the development of Thai international tourism started (Mcdowall and Wang, 2007). Tourism industry accounts for 5.1% of Thailand's National Gross Domestic Product (Tourism Authority of Thailand, 2009). For the purpose of providing a proper development direction, the National Economics and Social Development Plan (NESDP) served as a guide (Mcdowall and Wang, 2007). The result of the survey which was conducted by the Universities of USA and Thailand, showed that Thailand stood on the first place as best hospital city for all the…

If the area they were placed in was prone to blizzards, earthquakes, terrorist outbreaks or anything else the public to be educated that if it heard the sirens it meant that specific disaster was likely occurring, had occurred or was about to occur.

The sirens are also universally recognized as a warning system therefore the process of installation and public education would not be significantly difficult to complete.

TSUNAMI WANING SYSTEM

The world was shocked and traumatized when the Indian Ocean Tsunami hit a few years ago and hundreds of thousands of people died as a result of that disaster.

When it struck there was very little or no warning for most of those who were impacted by its arrival.

Most people did not know it was coming until they saw the giant wave coming toward them as they stood on shore (Indian Ocean tsunami warning system (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4524642.stm).

While the…

Hazard Mitigation and Preparedness (U.S. Federal Programs: Advantages and Disadvantages)

The confrontations and prospects for the reduction of hazards/disasters have never been greater than in the current period. In theory, the challenge is to do away with all disasters that cause the loss of life or injury to people along with the property and environment damage. On the other hand, such a goal is not possible to achieve practically. Although it is possible to avoid certain risks but the elimination of environmental hazards seems to be an idealistic task (Smith, 2004, p. 268).

The evidence signals that there is a need to do more today for tomorrow. Though investment in hazard mitigation has increased, there are few signs that show the effectiveness of the sustainability plans. In United States of America, several plans are outlined that have lessened the number of casualties and scale of destruction (Smith, 2004, p. 268).…

Session Long Project involve developing a disaster management program a specific country include hazard analysis, prevention, preparedness, response, recovery plans. Epidemiology Disasters espond: 1.

In 2011, Japan was shook by a devastating earthquake which claimed thousands of deaths and led to serious economic casualties. Since then, a number of concerns have been raised in regards to expectations of an even vengeful one in the near future. In fact, Japan has had a history of damaging quakes throughout the years. In 2004, the Ch-etsu Earthquakes, although less serious as to the number of human lives, forced many people to leave homes and injured thousands. It was considered the most vengeful quake since 1995 when thousands were killed in the Great Hanshin Earthquake, hundreds of thousands more were affected one way or another and substantial economical damage was registered. As such, Japanese have become more vigilant in regards to their safety and…

Toyota is one of the world's leading automakers. For most of its existence, the company has been unassailable, but this past year has presented the company with a number of challenges. These include plant shutdowns caused by parts shortages as a result of the Japanese tsunami, Japanese consumer spending falling again because of the tsunami, competitive challenges and product quality issues that lead to recalls.

As one of the world's leading automakers, Toyota has a lot of different strengths that it uses to compete in the marketplace. The company has great brand equity. Its brand strength is ranked 11th in the world by Interbrand, #1 for automotive companies and #1 for Japanese companies, with a value of $27.764 billion. The company has a great reputation for value, aligning high quality vehicles with relatively low prices. Another strength is Toyota's market share, which is 11% of the worldwide market, ranking it…

Japan abolishes current nuclear plant Fukushima Crisis. What effects immediately long-term Japan world a case stop operation of nuclear power plants.

As a brief description, Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power plant was an operating energy facility in Japan particularly in the Fukushima prefecture or province. The plant was established in 1971, which occupied a total of 3.5-kilometer site that makes it as one of the largest nuclear power plants in the world by land area. This nuclear power plant was very useful in the Japanese energy regulation system because it has an economical generation costs that is more reliable than using hydroelectric power sources from dams and streams. It is operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company that is the largest operating agency around Japan as claimed by Arnold (2010).

On March 11, 2011, a powerful earthquake hit the northeastern portion of Japan with an epicenter just off the coast of Fukushima…

Toyota

Japanese automaker Toyota, headquartered in the city of the same name, is the world's leading automaker by sales, moving over 10 million vehicles per year (Statista, 2016). However, being the industry leader means one thing -- everybody is trying to take share away from you. As such, Toyota faces many competitive threats. The American automakers are performing better after a very difficult period leading into the dual bankruptcies of GM and Chrysler. The Korean automakers, particularly Hyundai, are becoming more powerful. . Emerging economy companies like Geely and Tata loom on the horizon as new competitors in all markets, and they are already challenging Toyota in their home markets.

Furthermore, Toyota faces internal challenges as well. It suffered a major blow to its supply chain management strategy in the wake of the 2011 tsunami. The company had clustered its supply chain around its major manufacturing facilities, but this left…

A) Write a summary of an article on the environment that was published in The New York Times between 1/22 and 1/28. This assignment is for 150 words.
ANCHORAGE — The people of Alaska, spurred by the threat of a massive underwater earthquake which could result in a tsunami, evacuated the safety of their homes at midnight. Authorities had transformed schools into temporary evacuation units and citizens flocked there, parking their automobiles at Walmart and Safeway parking lots. Several rushed to the safe higher ground provided by Pillar Mountain. However, fortunately, the tsunami didn’t occur and in 4 hours’ time, the tsunami warning issued between Alaska and the Mexican-American border was lifted (Burke, Blinder and Fountain 17). This sudden panic across the Pacific coast commenced following US Geological Survey reports of an earthquake of magnitude 7.9, half an hour after midnight (Alaskan Gulf time). While authorities claimed nobody reported any…

This draws a pattern of the land price model, concentric as one moves away from CBD.

An interesting element of the Japanese housing market system that is worth considering in terms of its impact on the housing market is the savings rate and savings behavior in Japan. Traditionally, the savings rate in Japan is high, with a population that is risk averse and tends to invest in instruments that have lower returns, but are also less risky. With that in mind, Noguchi and Poterba (1994) tend to support the idea, first of all, that the conditions of owned houses differ from those of rented houses, in that they are especially more spacious and with overall better amenities.

Second to that, there appears to be a clear relationship between geographical location and wealth accumulation, as determined by the savings levels in different regions. Households in larger conurbations, such as Tokyo, accumulated…

subjective nature of perception be regarded as an advantage for artists but as an obstacle to be overcome for scientists?

Perception is the way we get the information about real objects that exist independently from our consciousness. Perception reflects state and qualities of objects and forms our understanding of their existence. Person can perceive information about environment in different ways: by tactile, acoustic, visual perception, still visual perception is the most essential. It's important to note that human gets 90% of information thanks to his eyesight. Visual perception is a result of visual activity of human's interaction with surrounding world. (It's important to note again here that we do not "see" objects, we perceive their electromagnetic radiation of visual spectrum).

That's why it's believed that visual perception is subjective, and the structure of perception is based on the laws of projectile reflection. Perception's role is essential in the functioning of…

Slide 9: Technological innovations in emergency management

The starting point in the creation of a plan on how to improve our program from a technological standpoint has been constituted by the review of the it industry. The scope of this research has been that of identifying the innovations in the field and their relevance for our agency and its mission. The results of the research endeavor are briefly presented below:

GIS is an important tool to use in the collection of data necessary and its usage is credited with overall successful emergency operations as it allows the intervention teams to gather data pivotal at all stages of the emergency management process.

emote sensing technology is enhancing the quality of the emergency management act at the stages of mitigation and preparedness and it has proven efficient in the management of both natural hazards as well as man made disasters.

The NOAAPort…

Consumer demand in luxury and major events tourism -- two of the most important sectors for Marysville to attract -- is very low (eTurboNews, 2009) and this will affect company's decisions to invest.

The target customer, therefore, is the smaller investor. The segments of tourism that are showing signs of recovery are also those with shorter turnaround times on projects and those that suit a small hill town such as Marysville. The investors the MATDG should focus on attracting are the small guesthouse and independent restaurant/cafe owners. Backpacking and small-scale car tourism are recovering faster than other types of tourism (eTurboNews, 2009).

In order to attract this market, the marketing should focus on the price advantage of Marysville. Land in the town is at a very low value due to the impact of the brushfires, yet the natural attractions remain as potent as ever. The product -- the nature and…

Deposition occurred over a very long time period. The study found that the sediments separating the two events were characteristic of normal sedimentation, with burrows formed by creatures colonizing the ocean floor, erosion and transportation of sediments, and no evidence of structural disturbance" which means that there is no reason to believe that the asteroid impacted normal life in measurable fashion very quickly, or that fossil evidence of the asteroid's impact had been disrupted (New blow against dinosaur-killing asteroid theory, geologists find, 2009, National Science Foundation).

Even defenders of the asteroid theory think it is unlikely that it was a one-time event that killed most of the life on planet earth, and believe that the asteroids created inhospitable conditions that developed over time. Recent research also indicates that the asteroid "landed in deeper water than previously assumed and therefore released about 6.5 times more water vapor into the atmosphere. The…

During the period from April to June2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak had a negative impact on Thai economies. The total revenue from tourism was 10% lower than expected.

Seenprachawong U.)

However many studies of the tourist industry in the country point out that it is extremely resilient and " in the tsunami disaster, a quick recovery process began after a deep sentiment of sadness. Investment recovered very quickly with a view to cleaning up the destruction left behind. Following recent years of strong growth, the economy of Thailand should be in a strong position to recover from this tragedy." (Seenprachawong U.)

4. Conclusion

There is little doubt that the Thai tourist industry is one that is extremely dependent on changes in the natural environment and influences on the culture from the outside. While the resilience of this industry have be shown in the face of natural disasters,…

..no longer worthy to be called your son," the father rejected that statement, and instead ordered "the best robe" be brought, placed a ring on the son's finger and "sandals on his feet." The father then ordered a "fattened calf" be butchered, for a "feast" honoring his wayward son's return.

This son of mine," the father told his younger son, "was dead and is alive again..."

Meanwhile, the oldest son "became angry" and bitterly protested against his father's celebration in honor of the youngest son: "You never gave me even a young goat so I could celebrate with my friends," he said, adding, "...when this son of yours who has squandered your property with prostitutes comes home, you kill the fattened calf for him!"

And this is where the kindness enters into the story. The father shows that he has the compassion to truly forgive his prodigal son, which is…

WAVES

There are two types of wave motion: Longitudinal and traverse waves .In longitudinal waves, the particles are parallel to the direction of wave propagation. In traverse waves, the particles are perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. Further more, in the longitudinal waves, the particles move back and forth about their mean positions. In traverse waves, the particles oscillate up and down about their equilibrium positions.

The water waves are a combination of both the longitudinal waves and traverse waves. While the waves move forward (because of longitudinal properties) the particles rotates in a clockwise motion giving the impression of waves as we see them at oceans.

Energy is required to disturb the particles and make them move in any of above ways. However, the question that arises is, from where do the ocean waves get their energy? They are incessantly moving in the direction predicted without any visible…

This news story has a positive impression of Oxfam works.

Analysis.- Oxfam has a record of 60 years in increasing worldwide public understanding of economic and social justice as crucial elements to sustainable development. Its 12 confederates are located in their respective regions and undertaking international goals and policies according to the requirements of the regions. The confederates work with poor people so that their lives may be improved and they may govern their own lives. Oxfam struggles to influence governments and powerful people in a straightforward manner without infringing upon their sovereignty. And it joins hands with all people for the universal good through open and popular campaigning, alliance building and media work in arriving at earnest and workable solutions to global poverty, to motivate as many people as possible to actively participate in the movement for change and to create a sense of global citizenship. Oxfam's work method…

Beauty & Sadness in Japanese Literature

A modernization of the story "An Account of a Ten Foot Square Hut"

Many, many years ago, it is said that the Buddha went out into the world, seeking to free himself from his cloistered palace -- and saw sickness, old age, and death. Upon seeing this inevitable suffering, he resolved to free the world with his philosophy, and lead us all to Enlightenment. Although our land is filled with fine Buddhist shrines and many people pay for fine Buddhist funerals, we have forgotten the central truths of Buddhism, which stress the impermanence of all material things. The only thing which is permanent is the persistence of suffering and the truth of the Buddha's philosophy of non-attachment.

Because we can create great structures out of metal and wood; because we can prolong life slightly longer than before; because we can disguise the effects of…

Public Health Emergencies

When it comes to public health, there are two main issues: basic control of general public health concerns, and what takes place during an emergency. The United States and other countries have recently made some changes in how public health emergencies are handled, mostly in response to disasters that have been seen on their home soil or in other areas of the world. A public health emergency can come from a natural disaster, a terrorist act, or in other ways, but being prepared for it is important. It can also be difficult, because it is unpredictable and cannot be accurately planned for in many cases.

esponse to Japan Disasters

Japan has experienced its share of public health emergencies in recent years. The tsunami created a massive issue for a significant number of people (CDC, 2011). Additionally, the nuclear radiation that began leaking added fuel to the fire,…

training in the field of emergency management is particularly complicated. The reason for the complication is the astonishingly broad latitude of situations for which emergency services and personnel might ultimately be required. Now obviously there are certain limitations that are based on simple geography: emergency management personnel in California may be called upon to deal with mudslides or earthquakes, and emergency management personnel in Kansas will be summoned for tornados. But a large-scale terrorist incident could conceivably occur anywhere that is populated. Meanwhile certain types of disaster almost perfectly defy any attempt at preparation altogether -- the example of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which killed over two hundred thousand people, is particularly pertinent, because there existed no detection system for such an event. Tsunamis are rare events, but common enough in the Pacific Ocean that a detection system existed there -- but they are so rare in the Indian…

The article that was written by Conley (2011) discusses the impact that collateralized debt obligations (CDO's) would have upon the subprime loans. These were created in 1987, by the Wall Street firm Drexel urnham. In this product, the investment bankers would take a number of different articles and combine them together as one investment. The various assets that were used included: junk bonds, mortgages and other high yielding investments from the debt. The idea with these different products is that the investment bank could offer customers a stated return on their investment. The way it worked is the brokerage firm would distribute each investor, the stated amount of returns that they would make off of the tranche (the CDO investment). This was derived using a complex mathematical formula that would divide the total amount of interest that was received, from the various high yielding products that were inside the CDO.…

And there are always a few racists in any town. But I believe we have a great, open, accepting community. e entertain tourists from all over the planet, and many of them are from ethnic cultures different from ours. They say they feel welcomed here.

Q: hat use does the community foundation make of the local AM station KMHS-AM?

M: I'm glad you asked. e have learning programs for parents and students. And students make up their own little reports and broadcasts. Topics range from the environment, world news, California news and Coos Bay news.

Q: Typically what news items from Coos Bay do you use on KMHS?

M: e interview people who are doing interesting things in town and with businesses. Biologists from the college and local fishermen. The news in this town isn't really very earth shaking. Look at the list of news items on the orld's ebsite…

This revision, they note, was "partly in recognition of research demonstrating that traumatic events were in fact not uncommon. DSM-IV defines the traumatic stressor as when a person 'experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others" (Vasterling and Brewin 6).

The diagnostic criteria established by the Fourth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) for PTSD state that an individual must have:

itnessed, experienced, or otherwise been confronted with an event that involved actual or possible death, grave injury, or threat to physical integrity; and,

The individual's response to such a traumatic event must include severe helplessness, fear or horror (cited in Clancy 2004).

According to Clancy (2004), a number of professions such as law enforcement, firefighters and combat veterans tend to experience a…

The building's safety officials or the specialized units connected with the government or even with the police officials will be able to direct the people regarding their next shelter or place to evacuate. It should be noted that (Mass Evacuation, 2006):

Designating an area for shelter is necessary if there is a significant disruption to transportation and going to other place could expose the people to more threats or risk.

Evacuation and designation of shelter is detrimental if:

Safety is at risk for continuing threat (such as further volcanic eruptions, aftermaths of earthquakes and/or tsunami, etc.)

Properties within the area are "classified as unsafe or unsanitary or both and there is a lack of suitable shelter or alternative accommodations

Public health is at risk, which is normally the result of long-term trouble to water supplies or sewerage systems

Unavailability or contamination of food and water supply

Evaluating the time needed…

The promotion budget remains high, however, and it is essential to maintain the promotions budget to defend the space, especially over the coming months when technologically superior rivals may finally enter the tablet space.

The iPad 2 has been given a premium price, consistent with Apple products. Competitors such as Samsung have chosen to meet Apple at this price rather than undercut. This brings the iPad 2 into direct competition with such products on the basis of features, something that at present favors the iPad 2. The price points are consistent globally, and are not expected to change until the next generation of iPad is introduced and the old devices need to be cleared from inventory. Apple typically does not discount its products while they are still current, and has no plans to change that policy for the iPad 2.

ith respect to place, distribution of the iPad 2 is…

As for how this hurts Ecuador: shrimp is Ecuador's third-largest export, and many thousands of Ecuadorians are employed in the shrimp farming industry, Coglitore added.

Stevens - the American Seafood Distributors Association president - said the "zeroing" strategy guarantees that dumping margins can be used against foreign shipments. "The whole process just defies logic," he said.

This is "absolutely the worst time to be placing more taxes on the shrimp industry," said Brian Wynn, who is CEO of ubicon esources in Los Angeles, a major Thai shrimp importer, according to an article in the Asia Africa Intelligence Wire (January, 2005). "Together with the tsunami, there are real questions about the viability of the Thai shrimp industry."

Meanwhile, on the subject of the tsunami: "Officials within both sectors say that the World Trade Organization, international aid groups, and some of the stricken countries want the U.S. To drop tariffs or forgive…

Threats to security are seen to come not only from external military aggression but also from a myriad of internal challenges -- separatist movements, social unrest, or the collapse of the political system." -- Anwar 2003,

With the international attention given to "military aggression," especially external military aggression, in recent years, it is easy to allow one's idea of was security means to become clouded with Hobbesian and Machiavellian notions of armed conflict, with "war on terror" images of military and intelligence operations hunting down terrorists, and with the debate on nuclear proliferation in developing (or underdeveloped) nations like Iran and North Korea. What these definitions of security lack, however, is a full understanding of the term; military operations and protection from terrorist attacks are most certainly important factors in a nation's security, however, they are far from being the total measure of peace and stability in a society.

Anwar's…