Categorizing Crimes:
Criminal law basically classifies crime into various categories that dictates the kind of criminal act, the mental condition, and the extent of punishment. The most common categories of crime are crime against persons, white-collar crimes, and crimes against property. Moreover, crime is further categorized by the selected punishment for the offense such as misdemeanor, felony, and petty misdemeanor. A felony is regarded as the most serious offense that is punishable by imprisonment exceeding one year while misdemeanors are offenses that are punishable by imprisonment of a maximum of one year. This is primarily because they are less serious crimes that do not involve incarceration in prison (Schneider, n.d.). Actually, almost all misdemeanor sentences are usually served in a local or county jail. In contrast, petty misdemeanors are crimes that do not need imprisonment such as that are always punishable by a fine.
Crimes against Persons and Crimes against Property:
Crimes against persons are the most serious offenses because they involve physical harm to another individual (Schneider, n.d.). As a result, this category of crimes is also referred to as violent crimes to an extent that a huge percentage of these offenses are felonies. Some major examples of crimes against persons include homicide, sexual assault, robbery, and assault and battery. Crimes against persons normally require that the crime involve the use of a degree of force or placing the victim in fear of physical harm. Therefore, each crime under this category requires the threat of a violent act or a violent act itself. For instance, homicide is a violent crime that results in the death of another individual due to heat of the moment, recklessness, or premeditation.
Unlike crimes against persons, crimes against property do not always involve force or fear of harm. They are offenses that are regarded as acts of damaging or trying to gain the property of another person. The most common crimes...
In contrast, larceny, forgery, theft, and burglary are offenses that attempt to gain another person's property (Crossman, n.d.). Since offenses that damage another individual's property may involve violent acts that do not cause physical injury, these crimes are not categorized with other violent offenses. Actually, the main goal of these offenses is to damage the property regardless of the probability of harm to a person.
Statute and Case on Crime against Persons:
An example of a criminal case and statute illustrating crimes against persons is State v. Stewart case in which the defendant appealed convictions for two distinct counts of battery against a household member. The defendant also appealed convictions for one count of child abuse, negligent cruelty to animals, and two charges of aggravated battery. These convictions originates from acts that occurred in a five-hour period in which he alternately punched, slapped, and kicked his girlfriend, son, and the family's puppy ("State v. Stewart," n.d.).
In his appeal, the defendant argued that his two distinct convictions for battery against his girlfriend infringed double jeopardy since the assaults were not adequately separate. In addition, he argues that convictions of aggravated battery and child abuse infringed double jeopardy since child abuse is a precise kind of aggravated battery. He also stated that there was inadequate evidence to convict him of negligent cruelty to animals since the evidence only showed that his actions were intentional when kicking the puppy.
Based on these submissions, the statute under evaluation in determining the case is the double jeopardy statute depending on its relation to crimes against persons. The court examined the defendant's double jeopardy and statutory construction arguments de novo ("State v. Stewart," n.d.). The specific elements of crimes and requisite burden of proof was…
