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Phosphorus Handling and Safety Advisories
There are many tricky chemical substances out there in the world that must be handled with the appropriate care and caution. Phosphorus is one of those chemicals. White phosphorus is extremely toxic, and as such must be handled with gloves; while it is also important for firefighters to remember to use dry sand when extinguishing a red phosphorus fire.
There are several different types of phosphorus that have differing toxicity levels. For example, red phosphorus is relatively harmless, with extremely high levels of contact needed to impose a danger to the handler. However, unlike red phosphorus, white phosphorus is much more dangerous upon contact. Here, the research suggests that "this allotrope of phosphorus is extremely toxic and the estimated human lethal dose is 50-100 mg" (Princeton University, 2011). This is much more toxic than red phosphorus. As such, it is important for those handling white phosphorus to take the necessary precautions...
Princeton University advises that "when working with amorphous phosphorus, it is prudent to consider the potential for yellow phosphorus contamination and related precautions required to handle the material safely" (Princeton University, 2011). This means often wearing safety glasses, fire retardant lab coats, and most importantly "impervious gloves" (Princeton University, 2011). With such high toxic levels in the substance, handling the material without the proper safety precautions could be a danger and cause toxic poisoning. This shows why it is crucial to wear gloves while handling the much more toxic white phosphorus.
In addition, it is also crucial for firefighters to remember to use dry sand when extinguishing a red phosphorus fire, rather than using the typically used wet sand to extinguish other types of fires. Red phosphorus fires are considered a hazardous fire, due to the chemicals that are burning inside of…
References
FM 5-145. (2012). Fire-Fighting Operations Involving Explosives. Chapter 10. Web. http://64.78.11.86/uxofiles/enclosures/FM5-415_firefight_chap10.pdf
Princeton University. (2011). Phosphorus. Section 10: Chemical Specific Information. Web. http://web.princeton.edu/sites/ehs/labsafetymanual/cheminfo/Phosphorus.htm
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