Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Since animals do not have a large brain capacity to accommodate such acts, normally the types of behaviors taught to these animals are usually simple and straightforward to master (Heyes, 1996).
Use of teaching as a mode of behavioral transmission among animals is where an animal trainer takes time with the animal showing them how things are done such as requesting of food or even developing routes or ways to obtain the food among other trainings. As mentioned earlier, learning is somehow restrictive towards a given group of animal species, those with a higher capacity to master what they are taught. Some of these cultures are self-taught as a survival tactic, they are usually passed from the parent to the sibling. For instance, siblings of the killer whales are taught to fend for their food through pushing of the Pinnipeds to the shore intentionally for them to be able to easily catch and eat them (Laland, 2009).
When you compare all these transmission modes, language is specifically used on animals with a high potential of developing a culture. Though the mastery of language use among animals requires lengthy training, many have achieved to train these animals to communicate. Language has some relation to imitation because...
The most common development done in this area entails, training of parrots and dogs to speak.
All in all, culture can be developed in animals, but there are some factors which may hinder their adoption and conservation of those behaviors, these include; the inhibition of adoptive behavior because of cultural conformism, development of culturally isolated sympatric groups and the evolution of maladaptive behavior among animals. These factors can affect habitat suitability, movement, genetic structures and animal reaction to anthropogenic effects, which in turn have an important role in developing of animal culture (Whitehead, 2010).
Works cited
Heyes, Cecelia M., and Jr. Bennett G. Galef. Social Learning in Animals: The Roots of Culture. 1996.
Laland, Kevin N, and Bennett G. Galef, eds. The Question of Animal Culture. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard UP, 2009. Print.Roots of Culture
Whitehead, H.. "Conserving and managing animals that learn socially and share cultures. " Learning & Behavior (pre-2011) 38.3 (2010): 329-336. ProQuest Biology Journals, ProQuest.…
Works cited
Heyes, Cecelia M., and Jr. Bennett G. Galef. Social Learning in Animals: The Roots of Culture. 1996.
Laland, Kevin N, and Bennett G. Galef, eds. The Question of Animal Culture. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard UP, 2009. Print.Roots of Culture
Whitehead, H.. "Conserving and managing animals that learn socially and share cultures. " Learning & Behavior (pre-2011) 38.3 (2010): 329-336. ProQuest Biology Journals, ProQuest. Web. 21 Feb. 2012.
Animal Testing Negatives of Animal Testing Outweigh Its Positives and Therefore Should Not be Allowed Many cures and treatments have been developed in the last three hundred years due to advances in medical technology. These developments are sometimes attributed partly to the fact that scientists and researchers have been able to use animals as "guinea pigs" for testing new medications or treatment methods before passing them to human volunteers. There is strong
Based on these facts, the scientific community and animal welfare groups support animal experiments in medical research where it is found to be absolutely necessary. To counter the main argument in favor of animal experiments, animal rights groups contend that all sentient creatures are capable of feeling pain and, therefore, conducting experiments on animals is the moral equivalent to using brain damaged humans or infants before the age of reasoning
Animals in captivity, for example, have often been genetically, behaviorally or anatomically manipulated in order to enhance acclimation to the new environment. Similarly, animals have been neutered, declawed or defanged to be more compatible with their human keepers. Those who are in support of captivity of animals need to revisit such earlier condoned behavior and ensure that animals receive necessary care, nutrition and exercise and live in proper caging
Animal Rights and Experimentation Animal rights are being constantly violated in this day and age. They are being subjected to endless experimentation in order to ensure a healthy life for humans. This is known as vivisection. The local industries use tests, which kill around 50% of the animals during the tests. It is sad to know that tests are still being conducted on animals in spite of having results. Experts have
Animal Testing: Pros and Cons Animal testing is when animals are used in scientific experiments (Richards). Most animal testing is done by universities, pharmaceutical companies, and medical schools. Most animals used for research are breed for the specific purpose of testing and few animals used for testing are captured from the wild. Some animal testing is done for basic research such as behavior studies and genetics while other animal testing is
" [Peter Tatchell]. Thus it is clear that animal models provide unreliable and often contradictory results for pharmaceutical research experiments and also delay the development of vital drugs that could potentially save millions of humans. New Testing Methods Advancements in biotechnology have drastically impacted our understanding of diseases and the development of appropriate pharmacological interventions. 'Science-Based Toxicology' (SBT) enables us to study toxicity at the cellular level. There is definitive hope that