As abortion became more available, "the decline in the birth of unwanted, often poor and fatherless children in the '70s led to a decline in the number of juvenile delinquents in the '80s and hardened criminals in the '90s' (Brooks 2006). The logic behind broken windows theory is thus: "fighting the seemingly minor indicators of neighborhood decay and disorder-broken windows, graffiti, even litter-helps prevent major crimes" (Brooks 2006). Broken windows

Traditional Policing vs. Community Policing Community policing has been defined as a "philosophy, management style and organizational strategy" with the goal of building community partnerships and not simply eliminating crime but also addressing the causes of crime in the community. It may be applied to any policing environment where neighborhood residents, schools, churches, businesses, community organizations or any other members of the community are working in conjunction with police departments to

Kansas City Preventive patrol study? 2) Define "evidence-based policing" 3) Describe relationship broken window theory criminality community oriented policing? 4) Saturation patrol displaces crimes. The Kansas experiment in policing revealed that, despite different levels of routine preventive patrol, crime committing remained constant. This is to say that, in areas where police officers merely responded to calls, the level of crimes did not increase. Neither did it decrease in areas where

Nils Christie in his book Crime Control as Industry: Towards Gulags, Western Style, a person has difficulty knowing who are the worst criminals -- the men and women prisoners or the individuals who run the penal industry. The book details how the United States relies on the criminal justice system to enrich business interests by following the model of corporate America. The disciplinary system is supposedly designed to control

However, with this mandatory sentence comes seemingly excessive punishments for being afflicted with a real disease. These types of solutions to the drug problem in the United States fail entirely to grasp drug problems as a real medical issue and therefore throw out medical treatment over punitive punishment, (Nadelmann 2007). Not to mention many of these programs go only so far, failing to provide the support and structure many

471). Fagan and Davies suggest that in the case of the NYPD, the department first erred when "Broken Windows theory [was] recast from physical to social disorder," even as neither the original theory nor Fagan and Davies are able to provide a sufficient explanation and justification for the concept of "physical disorder" (471). Specifically, what counts as physical disorder in Broken Windows theory, including broken windows, graffiti, and other low-level