Human Space Travel: Environmental and Health Effects Ever since people first looked up at the stars, mankind has wondered about going into space. What was up there? What would it be like? Was there life, looking back at them? Some of these questions have been answered by NASA and the space program, and some of the questions remain. However, it is no secret that space travel has effects on the human

E. hypertrophy). In the elderly, this process is reverse. Hence, the functional reserve capacities of the skeletal muscles decline with age, largely due to diminished levels of physical activity. As a result daily tasks once taken for granted become progressively more difficult, and eventually impossible, to perform. In illustration, a great deal of muscle force is required to simply stand up or to climb stairs. Therefore, skeletal system is relying

Overwintering Turtles and the Implications for Humans Avoiding Anoxia Oxygen is necessary for animal life, a truism that is so ingrained in experience and knowledge that few people stop to consider that many animals can go for significantly long periods of time without taking in oxygen. The freshwater turtle is a wonderful example of this adaptive physiology; it overwinters at the bottoms of lakes, and, to do so goes into a

Space Physiology Love Of Extremes: Space Physiology About the effect of gravity on the human being in space Early milestones in space exploration and space physiology Gravity The effects of microgravity on human physiology Physiological changes during a space flight The effects of microgravity on the human body The Vestibular System Orientation in space Space Adaptation Syndrome (SAS) and Space Motion Sickness (SMS) The effects of radiations on astronauts in space DNA damage mechanisms by radiations The biological effects of radiations Acute effects

The picture to the left depicts the various elements that are responsible for thermoregulation in human skin. The illustrations shows the various layers of skin along with the veins, arteries and capillaries of the circulatory system that assist in insuring that the thermoregulatory system works properly. The sweat glands are responsible for selectively removing materials from the blood the sweat glands then concentrates or alters these toxins, and secretes them

Congestive Heart Failure CHF Overview: As you know, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is one of the most common causes of death in the United States. The multifaceted causes and symptoms associated with CHF often leave the health care provider treating the symptoms rather than underlying causes, with near universal need to tailor care to each patient through a sometimes difficult process if elimination. The sometimes-idiosyncratic nature of epidemiology can also leave the