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Considering both perspectives in the light of Northern Ireland and Iraq yields some additional insight into the viability of partitioning as a means of resolving ethnic conflict. In Northern Ireland, partitioning was attempted and physically enforced to a degree, though there were always ethnic Irish living in the North and even some British/Protestants living in Ireland proper. That partitioning failed to end the ethnic conflict on this island is painfully clear with even a cursory glance at the last decades of the twentieth century (violence tapered off dramatically in the first decade of the twenty-first century due in large part to a changing geopolitical scene): bombings of civilian areas, assassinations, and open resentment and street violence were major problems in Belfast and throughout Northern Ireland, with parts of Ireland proper affects as well. This situation highlights one of the key problems with partitioning as a means of addressing ethnic violence -- creating a new nation and separating the populations in conflict creates a new conflict in the division of land. The Irish still had (and have) a claim to the territory of Northern Ireland, and thus while the conflict changed from intrastate to interstate, it was not fundamentally changed by the partitioning.
In Iraq, a nation formed basically by outside...
While Shiite and Sunni groups might come into territorial conflicts in regards to certain cities (along with the Kurds, though to a lesser degree proportionally speaking), the nation itself is already largely divided into ethnic regions through historical happenstance. Oil riches and other factors complicate the matter of breaking up the nation, as even a people with no traditional claim to an area would be loathe to give up the resources it contains to an "enemy" people, but without the history of conquest and subjugation that exists between the Irish and the Northern Irish it is actually possible that the creation of physical political partitions could be effective here.
History has not shown that nations know how to be at peace for long periods of time regardless of ho much or how little partitioning has taken place. It also seems to demonstrate that violence and conflict is also much more commonly and directly related to resource access and control than it is to religious beliefs or ethnic identities. Tackling these problems form this perspective, rather than from a purely ethnic perspective, would lead to a greater chance of peace.
This is inherently different than the consociational approach, which attempts to broker deals between factions without truly bridging the divide, but this does not mean that the two approaches cannot be used in tandem and in fact Byrne makes an excellent case that just such a dual approach is necessary to achieve true and lasting conflict resolution. Byrne identifies several barriers to the civil society approach in Northern Ireland,
Conflict Resolution in the Middle East History of the ARAB-ISRAELI conflict The Palestinian Arab and Jews rivalry is of recent origin that started on the eve of 20th century. Even though both of them have different religions the religious diversity is not considered to be the reasons of such rivalry. This is necessarily a struggle over the territory. The territory claimed by both the groups till 1948 was known as Palestine. However,
Conflict Resolution India is a diverse country in terms of religion. The Hindu population constitutes 828 million people (80%), the Muslim population constitutes million (13.5%), the Christian population constitutes 24 million (2.5%), the Sikh population constitutes 19 million (2%), while other religious groupings including Jains and Buddhists constitute 19.5 million. Religion is an important aspect of Indian political scene. Although India maintains that it is a secular nation, Indian politics has
Bangladeshi Culture Prior to the year 1947, the region that now makes up the People’s Republic of Bangladesh came under the eastern portion of Bengal – one of the provinces of British India. Owing to its river boundaries and fringe location, this region was largely culturally and politically set apart from the remaining parts of India across numerous eras of the nation’s history. With the dawn of Islamic rule in the
It was after one of them bombed Cairo in July 1948, that the Israelis were able to establish air supremacy. Succeeding victories came in rapid succession on all three fronts. The Arab states all negotiated separate armistice agreements. Egypt was the first to sign in February 1949, followed by Lebanon, Transjordan and finally Syria. Iraq chose to withdraw its forces without signing an agreement. Israel significantly expanded its territory
Egypt hopes to gain economic and political momentum for itself and the region through ongoing partnership with the EU and Mediterranean cooperation within the Barcelona Process. The Association Agreement between the EU and Egypt is expected to enter into force soon. It has already been ratified by the majority of the EU member states (also including Germany) and the section on trade relations has already come into provisional effect, and