An individual with the profile of Ted Bundy may be more likely to watch pornography and slasher films, but the films do not cause the criminal behavior. They might shape some of the more lurid details of the crime, such as the ritualistic aspects of his behavior, but eliminating pornography will not eliminate rapes and murders. Laboratory research indicates a slight tendency that pornography can "predispose some males to desire rape or intensify this desire and undermine some males' internal and social inhibitions against acting out rape desires" although it is very difficult to measures such affects in artificial laboratory settings (Jensen 2004, p.4).
Eliminating all restrictions on pornography would not just be controversial, but also problematic, given that some legal oversight of the industry is necessary to prevent the exploitation of children in child pornography. Additionally, pornography is not allowed near schools, to limit children's exposure. However, other than limiting the venue, because of the Internet, the public has unfettered access to pornography as never before, at younger and younger ages. It clearly has a shaping role in how we view the body and sexuality in general, even if may not be the primary cause of violence against women. Pornography and other violent media like slasher films (especially highly sexualized slasher films) can reinforce if not cause a male-dominant view of sexuality; be used to intimidate violent male's victims and break down their resistance to unwanted sexual activity by normalizing violent sexuality, and "provide a training manual for abusers" (Jensen 2004, p.4).
Question 3: Examine and explain Sutherlands and Cressey's theory of differential association. Think of situations in which you or those you know have been influenced but other people to break the law. This could involve learning to copy computer software or use illegal drugs. Can differential association explain these actions?
Sutherlands and Cressey's theory of differential association postulates that criminal behavior is learned behavior and is rooted in the perception that 'everyone is doing it so it must be okay' (Hamlin 2006). Teen drinking is a good...
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