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The Argument- The theory of evolution was developed out of the work of 19th century botanist and explorer, Charles Darwin and his book On the Origin of Species. Essentially, it is a scientific theory that postulates that organisms change over time based on pressures from the environment that cause genetic mutations within the organism. Over time, these changes are more adapted to a specific environment, more of that organism live longer and reproduce more, thus causing those traits to become even more entrenched in the population. Life then, is part of a gigantic tree in which primitive organisms, over millions and millions of years, evolved into higher beings due to the product of two opposing forces: variation in traits (common or rare) and natural selection (which traits aid survival) (Understanding Evolution).
Creation Science is a branch of creationism that has resurfaced in American education after several Supreme Court decisions defined what could and could not be taught in the public schools. Because religion cannot be taught except as a philosophical concept, conservatives now title their literal belief in the Bible's explanation of the origin of humans -- creation science. Creation science follows the literal view of the Biblical book Genesis as an interpretation of the complex events required by a creator to form life. They argue that life is far too complex to exist without a designer -- something as precise as an eye...
Creation science also disputes the geological age of the earth, the process of slow change over time due to adaptation, and the concept of mutations improving some species over time (Science and Creationism: A View from the National Academy of Sciences).
Book Examples -- Four books were chosen to represent both pro and anti-opinions of both evolution and creation science. All but one of these books had also been rated by Amazon.com customers using a 1-5 scale, 1 being poor, 5 being excellent. The results are:
Table 1 - Amazon.com ratings as of 8/29/10 (My Review in Red)
Biblical Creationism
Average 3.5
3
0
0
1
5
Darwin's Dangerous Idea
Average 4
15
15
19
29
83
Evoluationary Catastrophes
Average 4
1
1
Exploring the Evidence for Creation
0
0
0
0
0
Biblical Creationism by Henry Morris, known now as one of the fathers of the Scientific Creation movement, uses Biblical passages to put forward his views on the literal interpretation of the Bible. It is not a science book, instead views passages in the Bible as scientifical relevant. However, the largest weakness is the assumption
Evolution vs. Creationism Biological evolution or evolutionary biology is genetic change in a population occurring from generation to another (O'Neill 2002). All life forms evolve and continue evolving from earlier species, and these life forms include human beings. Most biological scientists concur that the earliest life forms on earth evolved from chance natural occurrences 3 1/5 to 4 billion years ago. They agree that evidence for evolution comes from fossil records
1 Cummings v. Board of Education (1899), Berea College v. Kentucky (1908), and Gong Lum v. Rice (1927) were three Supreme Court cases that followed Plessy v. Ferguson and that led to the segregation of schools and the establishment of the separate but equal doctrine that Plessy v. Ferguson set in motion. In Cummings v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that a Georgia county school board was perfectly within
But science is about stepping stones: the creation of theories and hypothesis, and the testing of these hypotheses with empiricism. If these theories fail, then additional hypotheses have to be proposed. During the process of the testing these hypothesis, experimentalists will find evidence based that will enable to fine tuning of the hypothesis, and the process carries on. Indeed, most of quantum theory is hinged on the Uncertainty principle
Death Penalty Evolution of the Death Penalty in Supreme Court Jurisprudence Capital punishment has been in existence for centuries. As early back as the Eighteenth Century B.C., the use of the death penalty was found in the Code of King Hammurabi (Death Penalty Information Center [DPIC], 2010). The utilization of the death penalty for designated crimes continued through the years and became incorporated in Britain's penal system (DPIC, 2010). Britain's use of
The conservative view -- that of teaching intelligent design, or an alternative to Darwinism, is antithetical to science. In American public schools, religion may be taught about, but not taught. This means, religion may be presented as an historical or philosophical debate, as long as belief systems or spirituality are neither taught nor given predominance by the teacher. The idea of evolution is central to almost every biological and scientific
As far back as the 1930s, the Texas Rangers became involved in the African-American struggle for full citizenship and civil rights. The Rangers were summoned to protect two Black men who had been called for jury duty. (Klarman, 2004, p. 154) Unfortunately, the same fabled Rangers operated on the other side of the fence when it came to their interactions with Mexican-Americans. According to Joan Moore in a 1970s work,