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It focuses on the controversy, and provides answers to the question of whether or not stem cell research is providing the benefits in the ways in which the public believes they will soon be benefiting from the research.
The authors contend that partisan responses to the public's concerns over stem cell research are delaying the benefits of much needed treatments and cures that can be derived from stem cell research because funding is being reduced and restricted by the government.
Kass, Leon. Human Cloning and Dignity: The Report of the President's Council on Bioethics. New York: Public Affairs, 2002. Print.
Kass' book is important to this research paper because it explains the government's definition of human cloning (1), which helps shed light on the policy that has been, and will be formulated around the evolving science and application of genetic engineering. Genetic engineering can only proceed to the extent that the laws governing it allow for its application in society and medicine.
The working definition of the U.S. Government, and the one that will be employed in this research paper, is:
"The term 'human cloning' is used in this chapter to refer to all human cloning: cloning-to-produce-children and cloning-for-biomedical-research. When only one particular use of human cloning is intended, we will use the more specific term (1)."
This will be the way in which the term will be defined and used throughout the research paper here.
MacKinnon, Barbara. Human Cloning, Science, Ethics, and Public Policy. Champagne: University of Illinois Press, 2001. Print.
MacKinnon's examines the subject and the controversy from a philosophical perspective. MacKinnon introduces the cloning and...
As this is the case that brought the concept of cloning out of the realm of science fiction, and forced the public to begin considering genetic engineering as a reality of life, the review of this case offered by MacKinnon is useful. No discussion on genetic engineering can be had without briefly reflecting on the case of Dolly the sheep.
MacKinnon does not just look at the science, but talks about the public reaction as a mixture of excitement, fear, and horror (2-3). It is, after all, this emotional range that rises out of advancing scientific discovery and the many different religious concepts of God that has prevented the application of genetic engineering, thereby delaying advances in the treatment of fatal and debilitating diseases like Alzheimer's, age-related dementia, Parkinson's disease, and many other diseases.
Equally important to the discussion is the topic of profit and business in genetic engineering. MacKinnon says that entrepreneurial efforts will begin by appealing to the sector of the public whose own circumstances and experiences with debilitating and fatal diseases will cause them to be emotionally sympathetic to the idea of genetic engineering (117). This segues to her discussion on formulating public policy already promulgated and that which provides the foundation for future policy as a result of the benefits of genetic engineering in treating disease.
MacKinnon's book is useful to my research because it opens provides the link between science and public opposition that is needed to establish the perspectives on both sides of the debate.
Ethics of Human Cloning Genetic engineering and cloning have played important roles in agriculture for many generations. Bananas and seedless grapes, for example, are, quite literally, living genetic clones (Krock, 2001). Prior to the last decade of the 20th Century, human cloning was purely a subject of science fiction, but by the dawn of the 21st Century, researchers had already cloned several mammals successfully. In 1978, medical science had progressed to the
Kass Silver Ethics Cloning Genetic engineering is one of the most contentious and confusion ethical issues that is faced by modern society. An investigation into hypothetical cases where cloning is used can help to expose some of the ethical considerations implicit in genetic engineering technology. This paper will review the case of a child born as a clone of the father, using the perspective of Lee M. Silver, author of Remaking
(Biohazards: The Next Generation? There is a wide variety of such products and that includes salmon which grow twice as fast as the regular salmon, but nobody is thinking of the consequences when these fish will escape from the farms where they are being cultivated. Some types of plants like poplar, eucalyptus and pine are being modified so that their rate of growth increases and are able to stop reacting
The human body has 25,000 genes approximately which are inherited birth that give the person physical and emotional attributes. Some genes can be defective predisposing one to diseases that may attack them later in life. Other genes may remain dormant and get passed down to their future generations who will suffer from the disease (More 3). This threat can be removed through genetic engineering through preventing or completely eradicating
Genetic Engineering The alteration of the genetic structure of any organism is done by means of Genetic engineering that provides characters beneficial or pleasing to the individual performing the alternation. In other words it is a treatment of the DNA or RNA pool (Sarah. 2002). For instance, the most greatly well-known example of genetic engineering is the sheep Dolly that was cloned in the year 1996. Here, in order to create
Genetic Engineering is a tool in the hands of man to break the species barriers to create a more productive and controllable world. This is a delicately balanced issue and unless we exercise enough restraint and responsibility we may end up endangering ourselves and all other forms of life. Genetic Engineering is the science of gene manipulation. Genetic information is specific to each and every organism in the world. Genetic Engineering