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¶ … human personality is a complex process that has been tackled by a number of great psychologists, each with important contributions. Each theory outlined below offers something new to the study of personality, and as such, I feel that any "ultimate" theory of personality must try to incorporate the best parts of each theory.
Gordon Allport, along with Maslow and Rogers was one of the early humanists. He argued that the proprium, or sense of self was made up of seven different components that include sense of body, self-image, self-esteem, and rational coping. Carl Rogers was a humanistic theorist who felt that people have a basic "actualizing tendency" that drives all of their behaviors and thoughts. The personality, or "self" in Roger's terms is created by the sum of a person's conscious and unconscious experiences. Abraham Maslow's famed hierarchy of needs, in which he argues that all humans move toward self-actualization, has become one of the most important concepts in humanistic psychology today. Rollo May was an existential psychologist who felt that human personality was essentially self-determined.
Behaviorist psychology...
B.F. Skinner is one of the founders of the behaviorist approach, who based his system on operant conditioning. Personality, for Skinner, is determined by reinforcements and punishments. Hans Eysenck's theories of personality are rooted in behaviorism, although he felt that personality was largely genetically determined. Albert Bandura based his psychology primarily in the behaviorist camp, and saw personality as a complex interaction of behavior, environment, and individual psychological processes. His work with imagery sometimes leads him to be considered as one of the important "fathers" of cognitive psychology, however.
Commonly known as the social psychologists Alfred Adler and Karen Horney took some Freudian ideas, but focused more on the social aspects of personality. Alfred Adler's theory of personality was concerned with the whole of a person, and he focused on their "style of life," or how they chose to live life, and deal with interpersonal relationships and problems. Karen Horney's ideas on personality are very similar to those of Alfred Alder, although she focused more…
Works Cited
Boeree, George. Personality Theories. 10 December 2003. http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/perscontents.html
Hall, Calvin S., Lindzey, Gardner, Loehlin, John C. And Manosevitz, Martin. 1985. Introduction to Theories of Personality. Wiley.
Wikipedia. Edward O. Wilson. 10 December 2003. http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_O._Wilson
Society and culture can also influence the development of the personality of the individual in even more fundamental ways than self-esteem issues linked to sexual expression. For example, in some societies, (most notably, in India), the prevailing social system is based on "castes" that are associated with and directly dependent on the family and social class of one's birth. Typically, individuals fortunate enough to be born into privileged classes can
shame and doubt; initiative vs. guilt; industry vs. inferiority; identity vs. role confusion; intimacy vs. isolation; generativity vs. stagnation; and ego integrity vs. despair. Like Piaget, Erikson's theory also explains the factors that influence personality development albeit through a framework of psychosocial factors. Thus, this theory too is immensely valuable as it enables parents and teachers to help a child successfully negotiate each psychosocial crisis and thereby develop a
Cognition and Personality Development Cognition is the process of human thought and this development of cognition typically enables the decision-making outcomes of an adolescent. Adolescence itself is a "period of transition that involves biological, cognitive, psychological, social, and physical changes" (Commendador, 2010). As the adolescent transitions between the level of immaturity to that of maturity, the adolescent's cognitive capabilities are also developing. This can be attributed to the individual's ego, wherein
Glossary Emotional regulation -- the ability to control one's emotions so that they are within the "average" for the population surrounding them In-utero- while the child is developing in the woman's uterus Schizophrenia -- a serious mental illness affecting the person's perceptions of the world around them Stimuli -- an input from a person's environment, something that the person experiences References Braungart-Rieker, J., Hill-Soderlund, a. & Karrass, J. (2010). Fear and Anger Reactivity Trajectories From 4
Entertainment Industry Concept Aging, Gender, Personality Development Movies Television Shows Uniqueness vs. Universality The field of Psychology offers a vast network of concepts, principles, and theories to explain and describe the mental and behavioral characteristics of an individual or group. It is a science that explores biological, cognitive, social, and various other aspects of the human mind and human interaction to explain behavioral traits and development, among other attributes. One such
Personality Approaches Biological Humanistic Approaches HUMAN PERSONALITY Humanistic and Biological Approaches of Human Personality Basic Aspects of Humanistic Theory Incompatible with Biological Explanations of Personality The purpose of writing this essay is to analyze the two approaches of personality; humanistic approach and biological approach. These two approaches are opposite to each other; since humanistic approach allows free will and gives an optimistic view of personality while the biological approach is deterministic. Due to being pessimistic