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The Crusader states that were set up in the aftermath of the First Crusade represent the achievement of these aims, and the expansion of the Western feudal system into the East. Military orders such as the Knights Hospitallers early combined the idea of religious objectives with the acquisition of landed estates. The Order was already acquiring extensive lands in Europe itself by the early Twelfth Century.
The creation of Crusader states in the Holy Land also amounted to the direct physical expansion of Latin Christendom. The rulers of these states were directly tied to the ruling houses of the West. Resident in their new domains they acquired a taste for the more luxuriant lifestyle of Islamic lands. High-quality metal goods, fine glass, enamels, and even simple souvenirs of the East, were in increasing demand in the West.
The Crusades stimulated a materialism that was not the intent of the Pope's message. Much as the contact with Islamic Civilization stimulated a growing refinement in European culture, and so transformed the comparatively simple material world of Eleventh Century Western Europe, the influence of the modern-day West on today's Islamic world is a frequent source of violent reaction. Islamist jihadists seek to wage war against a West they see as working counter to Muslim culture and traditions. The contemporary jihadist is eerily similar to the medieval Christian Crusader though his objectives are in many ways reversed. While the Crusader unintentionally brought back elements of a foreign culture, the jihadist seeks to eliminate those foreign elements. The material aims are opposed while many of the sacred motives remain the same - two religions locked in physical combat for the souls of the inhabitants of the Middle East and the wider world.
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Douglas James, "Christians and the First Crusade: Douglas James Explain Why So Many in the Christian West Answered Urban II's Call to Arms Following the Council of Clermont in 1095," History Review, No. 53 (2005). http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=72527229
Jonathan Riley-Smith, ed., the Oxford History of the Crusades (Oxford: Oxford University, 1999) 80. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=109695024
Helen Nicholson, the Knights Hospitaller (Woodbridge, England: Boydell Press, 2001) 9. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000424265
Robert Irwin, "Muslim Responses to the Crusades," History Today Apr. 1997, Questia, 3 May 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000424265.
Works Cited
http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000424265
Irwin, Robert. "Muslim Responses to the Crusades." History Today Apr. 1997: 43+.
A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5014525278
James, Douglas. "Christians and the First Crusade: Douglas James Explain Why So Many in the Christian West Answered Urban II's Call to Arms Following the Council of Clermont in 1095." History Review (2005): 34+.
Tomaz Mastnak, Crusading Peace: Christendom, the Muslim World, and Western Political Order (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002) 50-51. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5014525278
Douglas James, "Christians and the First Crusade: Douglas James Explain Why So Many in the Christian West Answered Urban II's Call to Arms Following the Council of Clermont in 1095," History Review, No. 53 (2005). http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=72527229
Jonathan Riley-Smith, ed., the Oxford History of the Crusades (Oxford: Oxford University, 1999) 80. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=109695024
Helen Nicholson, the Knights Hospitaller (Woodbridge, England: Boydell Press, 2001) 9. http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000424265
Robert Irwin, "Muslim Responses to the Crusades," History Today Apr. 1997, Questia, 3 May 2008 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5000424265.
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