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Some of the features that they had identified that are always not present within the current programs are: comprehensive health care such as family planning, prenatal as well as prevention of HIV; service for children such as play therapy, day care, parental training and developmental monitoring of a child; an advocacy role such as contact with protective services of a child as well as welfare; and appropriate staffing such as non-confrontational, female staffing as well as cultural and racial sensitive.
As evident in the finding of the study, there is preference within experts and women for a program that combines medical, drug treatment and therapeutic services for the child and the mother, job training and education, long-term after-care for preventing relapse, and help with the concrete needs like housing and day care.
Addition of federal funding for prevention and treatment of drug abuse is also important; from 1980 to 1992, drug control federal expenditure rose to $1.5 billion from $11.7 billion (Reuter, 1994). However, the figure that was spent in prevention and treatment initiatives was as little as one-quarter not passing one-third of the total during that period. On top of that, treatment funding changed to state block grants from direct federal funding, offering local officials and the states greater control over giving decision on the way of disbursing the funds. As a result, most states stopped public funding of drug treatment then replaced it with private fee-for-service programs that are prohibitive in their approach...
Therefore, the notion of pregnancy policing through the drug war, the media, and the conservative political climate and pursuit of the women via legal means demoralize women whereas giving opportunity to the policy makers not to take into consideration the underlying economic and social conditions that trigger and exacerbate the drug use.
Reference
MacGi-egor, (1989). Cocaine and prenatal Outcome. Obstetrics and Gyllecology.
Murphy. S.. & Rosenbaum. M., (1999). Pregnant women on drugs: Combating Stereotype.. New York: Guilford Press, 1999.
Reuter, (1994). Setting Priorities: Budget and Program Choices for Drug Control. Reprint h-om Toward a Rational Drug Policy. The University of' Chicago Legal Forum,1994, pp. 14S 173.
Weisdorf, T. Parran. TV., Graham, A. & Snyder, C., (1999). Comparison of pregnancy-specific Interventions to a Traditional treatment Program for Cocaine-addicted Pregnant Women. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment,1999, pp 16(1), 39-45.
Wenger LI, Rosenhaum M. (1994). Drug Treatment Oil Demand Riot. Journal of' Psychoactive Drugs, 1994; 26(1 ):1-11.
Woods. Pygmalion ill the Cradle: Observer Bias Against Cocaine-Exposed Infants. Infant Behavior and Development, 1994, ~17:1020.
Reference
MacGi-egor, (1989). Cocaine and prenatal Outcome. Obstetrics and Gyllecology.
Murphy. S.. & Rosenbaum. M., (1999). Pregnant women on drugs: Combating Stereotype.. New York: Guilford Press, 1999.
Reuter, (1994). Setting Priorities: Budget and Program Choices for Drug Control. Reprint h-om Toward a Rational Drug Policy. The University of' Chicago Legal Forum,1994, pp. 14S 173.
Weisdorf, T. Parran. TV., Graham, A. & Snyder, C., (1999). Comparison of pregnancy-specific Interventions to a Traditional treatment Program for Cocaine-addicted Pregnant Women. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment,1999, pp 16(1), 39-45.
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