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Therapeutic Hypothermia Review
Annotated Bibliography Graffeo, Charles, Devine, Alicia and Lo, Bruce (nd) Therapeutic Hypothermia: Emergency Medicine, Critical Care, Cardiovascular & Neurosciences Work Group. SENTARA Briefing Document. Retrieved from: http://www.emjournalclub.com/uploads/TH_Workgroup_briefing_ distributed_print_version_.pdf
Lucero, Catherine (2010) Therapeutic Hypothermia. Clinical Correlations. Retrieved from: http://www.clinicalcorrelations.org/?p=2032
Lucero (2010) writes of therapeutic hypothermia "resumption of spontaneous circulation after prolonged ischemia due to cardiac arrest carries significant morbidity and mortality and much effort has been directed toward reducing the debilitating consequences." Lucero reviews the studies that demonstrate an association between therapeutic hypothermia in post-cardiac arrest patients and improved neurological outcomes.
Tran, Bau P., et al. (2010) Use of Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia to Treat Cardiac Arrest. Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants. 1 Mar 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.jaapa.com/use-of-mild-therapeutic-hypothermia-to-treat-cardiac-arrest/article/164767/
Tran, et al. (2010) reviews the key findings of research studies on the usefulness of therapeutic hypothermia following cardiac arrest.
3. Lutes, Michael and Larsen, Nathan (2007) Focus on: Therapeutic Hypothermia. Clinical Practice and Management March 2007. Retrieved from: http://www.acep.org/content.aspx?id=26776
Lutes and Larsen (2007) reviews recent studies that examine the use of therapeutic hypothermia, its purpose and goals as well as the methods of initiating and maintaining hypothermia and the future possible uses of therapeutic hypothermia.
4. Hartemink, Koen J., et al. (2004) Novel Applications of Therapeutic Hypothermia: Report of Three Cases. Critical Care 2004. Retrieved from: http://ccforum.com/content/cc2928
Hartemink, et al. (2004) reviews the use of hypothermia in patients with postanoxic injury following cardiopulmonary resuscitation in traumatic brain injury with high intracranial pressure.
5. Oddo, Mauro, et al. (2008) Early Predictors of Outcome in Comatose Survivors of Ventricular Fibrillation and Non-Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest Treated with Hypothermia: A Prospective Study. Retrieved from: http://www.uthsc.edu/Internal/syllabus-journalclub/8.pdf
Oddo, et al. (2008) examines the early predictors of outcome in patients who are comatose survivors of ventricular fibrillation and non-ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest who were treated with hypothermia.
6. Rittenberger, Jon C. (2010) Therapeutic Hypothermia: A Potent Therapy. EMS1. Retrieved from: http://www.ems1.com/medical-clinical/articles/854210-Therapeutic-hypothermia-A-potent-therapy/
Rittenberger (2010) reviews the use of therapeutic hypothermia for patients with cardiac arrest and holds that therapeutic hypothermia is a potent therapy for use in these patients.
7. Koran, Zeb E. (nd) Therapeutic Hypothermia in Postresucitation Patient: The Development and Implementation of an Evidence-Based Protocol in the Emergency Department. Retrieved from: http://www.acestar.uthscsa.edu/institute/su09/documents/Koran.pdf
Graffeo, Devine and Lo examine the use of therapeutic hypothermia in emergency medicine, critical care and Cardiovascular and Neurology patients.
9. Eisenburger, Philip, et al. (2001) Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest. Current Opinion in Critical Care 2001, 7:184 -- 188. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Inc. Retrieved from: http://www.wakeems.com/ICE/Hypothermia/hypothrm%20for%20tb/T herapeutic%20hypothermia%20after%20cardiac%20arrest.pdf
Eisenberger, et al. (2001) report that hypothermia has been used for cerebral protection "since the 1950s" and that the "simple principle of chemistry that a reduction of 10 degrees C. slows a chemical process by approximately 50%." In addition, it is reported that one hour or hypothermia, followed immediately by 3 hours rewarming had no significant affect on patterns of cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake.
10. Walsh, Deborah and Edelson, Dana P. (2009) Therapeutic Hypothermia Following Cardiac Arrest. EPLAB Digest. Retrieved from: http://www.eplabdigest.com/articles/Therapeutic-Hypothermia-Following-Cardiac-Arrest
Walsh and Edelson (2009) review the history of the use of therapeutic hypothermia in patients with cardiac arrest as well as the pathophysiology of therapeutic hypothermia in patients with cardiac arrest.
Therapeutic Hypothermia Review
Part Two
The work of Sayre (2010) entitled "Effect of Pre-Hospital Therapeutic Hypothermia on Neurologic Outcome Following Sudden Cardiac Arrest" reports an EMS Trauma Research study of the Ohio Department of Public Safety. The study reports that sudden cardiac arrest is the "leading cause of death in the United States and Canada." The report additionally states that 450 cardiac arrest resuscitations are "attempted by EMS…in Columbus, Ohio each year" however it is additionally stated that only approximately 30% of those patients "survive to be admitted to the hospital." (Sayre, 2010, p. 3)
Sayre (2010) reviews the future trends both regionally and nationally and states that future trends include the "continued provision of the therapy…" (Sayre, 2010, p.3) Sayre et al. (2010) report a study that was conducted through comparison of SCA statistics for the years 2008 and 2009. No increase in the survival rates of individuals with cardiac arrest receiving pre-hospital hypothermia was found. What was found was that the neurological outcomes for individuals who received pre-hospital cooling as…
" This study found that a simple, external cooling protocol could be implemented easily "overnight in any system already treating post-resuscitation patients" and had an 89% success rate in reaching optimal temperature -- however, only 27 patients made up the study (Busch 2006: 1277). A more recent, 2009 study by Castren (2009) "Scandinavian clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic hypothermia and post-resuscitation care after cardiac arrest" found the TH technique ineffective because
Other data has reported that if a person begins to administer CPR alone, then the best chance the collapsed patient has for survival is if EMS arrives with a defibrillator before 8-12 minutes (American Heart Association, 2006). REFERENCES: Cagle AJ, Diehr P, Meischke H, Rea T, Olsen J, Rodrigues D, Yakovlevitch M, Amidon T, Eisenberg M. Psychological and social impacts of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in the home. Resuscitation. 2008; 76(2):226-32. Cummins,
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126). Although there are an increasing number of elderly in the United States today with many more expected in the future, the study of elder abuse is of fairly recent origin. During the last three decades of the 20th century, following the "discovery" of child abuse and domestic violence, scholars and professionals started taking an active interest in the subject of elder abuse. This increased attention from the academic
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