¶ … Communication in the criminal justice system The process of communication entails the passage of information between individuals. This flow of communication, however, has its principles. The principles include the need of effective channel of communication, message, and the sender. It is also vital for receivers to comprehend the message. In organizations, communication takes a formal and informal approach. Formal approaches to communication in organizations include the use of business memos, letters, and newsletters. On the other hand, an informal channel of communication relates to those channels of communication, not under management's control. This mode of communication refers to grapevines and other unregulated channels of communication in organizations. Successful criminal justice system organizations should have good communication structures. Flow of information in such organizations need to flow from up down and down- up.

However, current workload and tasks at the judicial justice systems have negative implications on communication channels. For centuries, communication systems have transformed to modes that are more sophisticated. Nevertheless, it is essential to note that modes of communications are not of great importance. An important aspect of communication implies to the ability of a sender to pass meaningful information to the receiver (Stohr & Collins, 2013). It is important that the receiver understands one's message and intentions. Therefore, one can say that communication is the process of exchanging ideas, information via a channel from the sender to the recipient. In an organization setting, one can tie communication to the premise that ensures passage of expectations (Eaton, 2009).

This information sharing with the receiver intends to gain something. According to Stohr & Collins (2013), Different channels of communication are in use in criminal justice institutions. These modes of communication infer to the use of verbal techniques, symbols, body language, or use of electronic platforms. Organization structures entails that, organizations use formal and informal channels of communications. Although informal approaches are not important in the passage of core principles, they have value in management. Formal communication includes transmission of policies, procedures and in relaying information from training manuals. Informal communication, on the other hand, relate to one-on-one communication between employees (Stohr & Collins, 2013). With all of the influences, communication has on an organization, it becomes imperative for one to consider other diverse variables. One should track the importance of communication to the criminal justice system.

It is also important to illustrate different fronts in organizations, where communication flows. In the process of communication, various barriers to communication emerge. These barriers to communication have an impact on the outlay of information flow. Therefore, it is important for organizations to minimize such barriers in order to reach their ultimate communication goals (Eaton, 2009). Consideration on communication channels and procedures ensures that organizations shape their mode of operations. Communication, therefore, is a human relation principle of managing organizations. Therefore, for decades the criminal justice system has adopted various human relation principles.

Communication is one of such principles, and the criminal justice organizations use diverse perspectives and techniques in enhancing communication. It is also important to note that it is a presumption that a formal communication come from top-down. One needs to recognize that formal communication often has structures. Thus, information flows in organizations, vertically, horizontally or diagonally. Moreover, modern organizations as well as criminal justice organizations have moved to use human relation principles. Therefore, communication is important in criminal Justice organizations. Slight shifts in communication channels for such organizations might have disastrous consequences. Minimization of such consequences might include the use of best practices and participation of other players in the field (Eaton, 2009).

Purpose of communication

According to Stohr & Collins (2013), the criminal justice organization and its management team undertake communication schemes for different reasons. Each function or purpose of communication contributes to organizations overall strategy. Communication is advantageous since it protect its mission and policy strategies. The importance of communication includes the need to offer training, educate, motivate, and unite workers. Communication is used to solve problems in such organizations; assist in persuading and in stimulating performance. These processes of communication may involve the use of different medium. This may imply simple conversation between colleagues to the use of sophisticated elements (Eaton, 2009). Organizations have seen the importance of communication; that is why one might see an organization employing different modes of communication styles.

In the past, criminal justice organizations employed communication systems that were slower than modern methods. There is a paradigm shift in communication structures for organizations. It is further prudent for one to understand...

Evolution of computers and electronic gadgets has made organizations transform into Information technology points. There has been an increase in use of Smartphone application use, use of the internet and other electronic devices in organizations as opposed to hardcopy materials (Stohr & Collins, 2013). In correctional facility officers, monitoring inmates might use communication channels to motivate and advice inmates. In the case of a judge, communication might have crucial implication on decision of cases.
Police officers in the criminal justice system use communication to offer instructions to other officers. Such officer may further use communication networks in discouraging crime. Pathologists, on the other hand, use communication to inform investigation officers of their evaluation. Details on death by the pathologist assist the investigation team prosecute cases easier. It is, therefore, important for pathologists to construct information relevant for the case. These information needs to be understood. The opinion on the case needs to be in-line with their area of practice. In presenting their findings, a pathologist needs to express all relevant information according to the area of practice (Eaton, 2009). Social workers and other workers of the criminal justice may use communication channels in order to solicit for information, to solve problems and to mediate. The other importance of communication to the criminal justice system relates to its purpose in correction policing.

However, the reasons of communication vary between organizations and in relation to situations. Looking at the jail system, there are complains of verbal harassment on younger inmates. Reports from these institutions indicate that younger inmates undergo various verbal attacks from older inmates. These scenarios might lead to the younger prisoner's feeling more threatened, which might have destructive consequences in the management of such facilities. Communication further, includes interrogations that take place in police stations. Police use interrogation techniques of communication to suspects to extract information. Although there has been complains concerning police harassment during interrogations, interrogations yield valuable information for prosecution of cases (Eaton, 2009).

Communication within organizational Boundaries

According to Stohr & Collins (2013), communication can either be within and between groups. According to information from the Hawthorne, studied communication occurs within a group and between them. Other scholars have otherwise come with other studies with an example of the Z. theory of communization. According to the proponent of this theory, it is important for management teams to see workgroups as important creators of ideas and strategies. He further argues that that these groups act internally and in interacting with other groups. Adoption of such theories in the criminal justice system results in solving problems. For example, when one concentrates on the court system of the criminal justice, emphasis will be on the influence of the Judges and courts process.

In relation to procession, the system relies on the influence of probation officers, correctional facilitators, parole, and other agencies. Communication is also important in training teams, in policing strategies and in informal workgroups. Through communication, teams in organizations might join forces towards tasks (Stohr & Collins, 2013). Teams assist staff and management in maintaining group's ethics. In such teams, misunderstanding arises when the sender of the message deliberately or accidentally alters the language or substance of information. For example, a pathologist statement on the cause of death is final unless there is some misunderstanding in their presentation. Therefore, the management teams need to create their code of conduct suitable for the institution. These codes of conducts apply to correctional facilities, police authorities and other criminal justice organizations.

Communication Challenges within Groups

By observing, these elements of codes of conduct criminal justice organizations management teams ensures provision of quality services. In respect to communication across boundaries of organizations, there are different aspects to consider. These aspects include influence of culture, internal politics, and other functions. Across the organizational boundary while relating to criminal justice system, might imply interactions between different organizations (Eaton, 2009). For example, these might be communication between the police and member of the judiciary; or the police and the Juvenile court. In such a circumstance, communication takes the attributes of a formal system.

In some instances, such communication takes an informal approach. However, internal politics and other variables, make it hard for organizations to forge formidable communication systems. The causes of such problems stems from the perception of individuals on sharing goals. Staff member in these organizations would rather concentrate on his tasks than assist in sharing goals. Other challenges to integration of teams relates to personnel's not willing to cooperate. One should not forget that individuals in leadership positions in…