Vygotsky Freud's theories of development have been profoundly influential upon literature and popular culture. Freud's theory of the Oedipal and Electra complexes suggests that all children form a sexual connection with their mother as their first, primary emotional impulse. Gradually, culture comes to channel children's emotions into more appropriate ways, so that after the repressive phase of childhood, adolescents form sexual attachments to people outside the family. Freud's influence upon educational

Overall, the classes were uneven in their approach. In part of the class, they were very traditional and used lecture style. In other parts of the class, they freely allowed participation among students. For example, one teacher, despite the fact that he is more disciplined with the students, uses comparisons when explaining the concepts and refers to book when giving examples on the board. The class is quiet during a

Gap: Early Childhood Intervention and the Development of the Disabled Child Children with special needs include those who have disabilities, developmental delays, are gifted/talented, and are at risk of future developmental problems. Early intervention consists of the provision of services for such children and their families for the purpose of lessening the effects of their condition. Early intervention may focus on the child alone or on the child and the

Abstract This paper explores two fundamental theories that are considered to be worthy guides and reference points in different discourses of early childhood cognitive development and education. Scientists and scholars world over hold the principles established in the two theories in high esteem. However, the theories, though explicably analyzed the behaviors and learning abilities at each developmental stage of early childhood, but have divergent opinions on how those behaviors early are

Unlike humans, these reflexes control the behavior throughout the lives of animals. While in humans' infant use these reflexes to adapt to the environment, and soon the reflexes are replaced by constructed schemes. Piaget described two processes adapted by individuals, namely assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is a process of transforming or utilizing the environment so that it can be composed in coherence with already existing cognitive structures in the

theoretical views that according to Vygotsky have attempted to explain the relation between development and learning. Why does Vygotsky consider these unsatisfactory for explaining this relation? Vygotsky challenges perspectives such as that of Piaget and Binet (one of the founders of the Stanford-Binet intelligence test) who assumes that a certain level of development is required for learning: i.e., unless the child's mental functioning has achieved a certain point of maturity,