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In this regard, Logerfo notes that the west front of Saint-Trophime features "a glorious tympanum describing the Last Judgement and statues of the apostles in nearby niches separated by small Corinthian columns in the style of decoration for a Roman triumphal arch."
Conclusion
The research showed that the term Romanesque architecture refers to an architectural style that emerged in Europe during the 10th century and reached its zenith during the 11th and 12th centuries. The highly ornate qualities of the Romanesque style were shown to be supplemented by vaults and buttresses that added an aesthetic quality to the structures while serving important structural functions as well. While the authorities may not agree on the precise defining architectural elements that serve to define Romanesque architecture, the research also showed that there are a sufficient number of commonalities among the buildings so characterized to establish them as being Romanesque in style. Finally, the research was consistent in emphasizing the beauty, elegance and massive qualities of these architectural elements. While the latter was absolutely required by virtue of the technology of the day, the former qualities were clearly added to enhance the buildings to make them suitable for religious observations and worship which were vastly more important to the people of the 11th and 12th centuries than the 21st century counterparts today.
References
Calkins, R.G. 1998. Medieval Architecture in Western Europe: From a.D. 300 to 1500. New York: Oxford University Press.
Clapham, a.W. 1936. Romanesque Architecture in Western Europe. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Cotterill, H.B. 1915. Medieval Italy during a Thousand Years: A Brief Historical...
London: George G. Harrap.
Kimball, F. And G.H. Edgell. 1918. A History of Architecture. New York: Harper & Brothers.
Logerfo, J. 1998, May. "Roman and Romanesque." Contemporary Review 272(1588), p. 244
Stoddard, W.S. 1972. Art and Architecture in Medieval France: Medieval Architecture, Sculpture, Stained Glass, Manuscripts, the Art of the Church Treasuries. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Cotterill, H.B. 1915. Medieval Italy during a Thousand Years: A Brief Historical Narrative with Chapters on Great Episodes and Personalities and on Subjects Connected with Religion, Art and Literature. London: George G. Harrap, p. 278.
Calkins, R.G. 1998. Medieval Architecture in Western Europe: From a.D. 300 to 1500. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 79.
Kimball, F. And G.H. Edgell. 1918. A History of Architecture. New York: Harper & Brothers, p. 217.
Ibid at p. 218.
Clapham, a.W. 1936. Romanesque Architecture in Western Europe. Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 21.
Kimball and Edgell, p. 226.
Timmers, J.J.M. And M.F. Hedlund. 1959. A History of Dutch Life and Art. London: Nelson, p. 36
Ibid at p. 219.
Stoddard, W.S. 1972. Art and Architecture in Medieval France: Medieval Architecture, Sculpture, Stained Glass, Manuscripts, the Art of the Church Treasuries. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, p. 31.
Timmers and Hedlund, p. 36.
Calkins, p. 132.
Calkins, p. 138.
Ibid at p. 139.
Logerfo, J. 1998, May. "Roman and Romanesque." Contemporary…
References
Calkins, R.G. 1998. Medieval Architecture in Western Europe: From a.D. 300 to 1500. New York: Oxford University Press.
Clapham, a.W. 1936. Romanesque Architecture in Western Europe. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Cotterill, H.B. 1915. Medieval Italy during a Thousand Years: A Brief Historical Narrative with Chapters on Great Episodes and Personalities and on Subjects Connected with Religion, Art and Literature. London: George G. Harrap.
Kimball, F. And G.H. Edgell. 1918. A History of Architecture. New York: Harper & Brothers.
However, there is also a more prosaic explanation of the contrasting styles manifest in Gothic cathedrals: because they took so long to complete, the construction of the cathedrals was often interrupted by warfare, and thus they were constructed during different social periods and exhibited the influence of different builders, rulers, and forms of construction ("Medieval gothic principles," Medieval Spell, 2009). Furthermore, even when there is symmetry and surface order
. from passion to insanity" ('the Eighteenth Century," Internet). These "sublime" qualities are best expressed in Horace Walpole's magnificent Strawberry Hill residence in Twickenham, built between 1749 and 1777. As compared to Blenheim Palace, this structure is pure "Gothick" with its turrets, towers, battlements, galleries and corridors. In fact, Horace Walpole is credited with creating the Gothic style in English literature with his novel the Castle of Otranto, published in 1764. Of
By introducing abstract sequences, these people practically made it difficult and almost impossible for Christian leaders to consider that they needed to get involved in altering these concepts. The coming of George Augustus Selwyn in New Zealand had a strong effect on attitudes that the church would express with regard to the presence of Maori elements in churches. A power struggle within Christianity between Selwyn and Evangelical missionaries influenced natives
Romanesque and Gothic Architecture There were a number of changes that happened to Romanesque architecture to make it uniquely Gothic. Romanesque architecture was principally that for churches, whereas Gothic architecture manifested itself in cathedrals. The difference between these two is not mere diction; Romanesque churches had thicker walls and were darker and on the whole smaller than Gothic cathedrals, which encompassed a number of structural innovations to make them extremely vertical,
Gothic Cathedrals and Light From the end of the 12th century for at least two centuries architecture underwent a revolution known as Gothic. Much like classical architecture, changes in building paralleled changes in culture. Gothic works tended to be tall, inspiring, and meant to withstand the ravages of time. Structural improvements were massive, and even though this era only lasted 200 years, it would have a profound effect on any building
This type of fluidization announces the Renaissance and is probably an expression of the new opening that the society goes through as it comes out of the Middle Ages. A greater creative expression in literature or painting, for example, had to be matched by a similar trend in architecture. Another interesting comparison with the previous Gothic styles is the fact that, in the past, the Gothic style was used almost