This article is important and useful for this study because it provides analysis of the role of gender and introduces an additional element connecting medical ailments outside of mental health issues to PTSD. It provides a model to incorporate substance abuse.
Gil-Rivas, V., Prause, J., & Grella, C.E. (2009). Substance use after residential treatment among individuals with co-occurring disorders: The role of anxiety/depressive symptoms and trauma exposure. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 23(2), 303-314. doi:10.1037/a0015355
Gil-Rivas et. al, survey the relationship between substance abuse rates in the aftermath of a residential treatment programs, specifically focusing on those individuals who entered the residential treatment program while possessing both ailments. The data is reviewed as the treatment program begins and follow up data is collected at 6 and 12 months. They found that upwards of 1/3 of the adults were diagnosed with...
This article is important because, I am concerned with the effect of gender and it provides counter arguments. The authors do not find that gender does not significantly affect the association between gender, mental health issues, and substance abuse.
Hien, D.A., Wells, E.A., Jiang, H., Suarez-Morales, L., Campbell, A.C., Cohen, L.R., & ... Nunes, E.V. (2009). Multisite randomized trial of behavioral interventions for women with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(4), 607-619. doi:10.1037/a0016227
Hien et al.,, randomized upwards of 300 women to receive two different talk therapy behavioral modification programs. The women received 6 sessions to address substance abuse and PTSD simultaneously and 6 sessions in a health education group. The authors found that significant reductions in the levels of PTSD experienced by the women who underwent treatment, however the
