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Freud, Nietzsche & Russell
The Discovery and Realization of the Self in the Philosophies of Bertrand Russell, Sigmund Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche
With the emergence of nineteenth and twentieth centuries, human history had been introduced to new philosophies that seek to celebrate individualism and the intelligence of human beings. From the philosophical discourses proposed by Sigmund Freud, Bertrand Russell, and Friedrich Nietzsche, it becomes evident that there no longer exists subsistence to religious idols and personalities, which had been the prevalent ideology and philosophy among societies in human history's early history until the 18th century.
In the texts that follow, this paper discusses and analyzes the philosophies of the three philosophers cited earlier. With references to the following texts, "Thus spake Zarathustra" by Friedrich Nietzsche, "Why I am not a Christian" by Bertrand Russell, and "Lecture 35: A philosophy of life" by Sigmund Freud, this paper argues that the philosophers' belief in the worth of human intelligence and capacity to achieve an understanding that goes beyond what constitutes knowledge and truth known in human society at present. That is, Freud, Russell, and Nietzsche believe that there is no substitute for human intelligence in achieving greater understanding and determining an individual's...
Prior to discussing his comparative analysis of the sciences, philosophy, arts, and religion, Freud first introduces the concept of "Weltanschauung." He identifies this term based on his own explanation, for he qualifies that this concept, if interpreted in English, would not capture its real essence. Thus, he identifies "Weltanschauung" as " ... An intellectual construction which gives a unified solution of all the problems of our existence in virtue of a comprehensive hypothesis, a construction, therefore, in which no question is left open and in which everything in which we are interested finds a place ... "
In introducing this concept, Freud conveys the message to his readers that through the science of psychology,…
Liberalism and the modern mind produced a profound effect upon church culture as it was manifested at the turn of the 20th century. The impact of liberalism and many of the concerns of modern man from this epoch also greatly affect the perception of church culture and Christianity today. The effect of liberalism on the church at this time is important, because it occurred when "Western missionary expansion" (Noll, 2012,
Science, Religion, And the Making of the Modern Mind: Plato and Aristotle The question of whether or not knowledge is identical to mere true belief goes as far back as Plato, as he argued that correct judgment, though a necessity for knowledge, is not sufficient for it. To reinforce his argument, Plato explains the nature and structure of human knowledge using a set of relevant theories and dialogues. Aristotle, a student
For Marx, of course, economics and class conflicts were the base of society, and social change proceeded through revolutions, such as the French, American and English Revolutions against feudalism in the 17th and 18th Centuries. In the future, capitalism would be overthrown by a socialist revolution, starting with the most advanced industrial economies in the West (Greene, p. 200). Comte argued that sociology should be concerned with the "laws
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Postmodern Bereavement Theory Bereavement is a universal observable fact as every human being experiences the loss of a loved one at some point in his/her life. However, every individual experiences it in a unique way. It is, without a doubt, an undeniable truth that to be human is to grieve. The passing away of a loved one can be difficult, irresistible and dreadful for any normal individual. When people are
If at the moment of stating this theory, animals were simply regarded as mindless creatures, their current status has changed. A large number of organizations received state funds to investigate the lives of animals and came up with astonishing results. The researches developed concluded that most animals had a very active brain and could reach high level of intelligence and communication skills. As such, even if a large part