Greek bishops could also marry, although such alliances prevent them from rising in position in the church, where Roman priests took celibacy vows. Regarding doctrine, some could Latin approach as more practical and judicial, while the Greek was more speculative about the nature of the Godhead.
Question
Martin Luther founded the Lutheran branch of Protestant Christianity. Luther rejected the authority of the Catholic Pope. The Bible alone was the ultimate authority for Luther. Salvation was by grace and by faith alone in Jesus Christ. Luther retained the sacraments of baptism, penance and Holy Communion and he held that in the Holy Communion the consecrated bread and wine are the Body and Blood of Christ
However, he rejected the ideas of purgatory, indulgences, invocation of the Saints, and prayers for the dead.
In contrast, while John Calvin also rejected the Pope, he believed that God alone could dispense salvation, holding to the doctrine of predestination. The lives of his followers were closely monitored. He refused to credit the sacrament of infant baptism, believing that a follower...
Calvin founded the notion of 'Anabaptism' versus the Lutheran tradition of less doctrinaire and rigid 'Baptists.'
Question
As early as Paul's letters to the Corinthian Christian community one can see the notions of denoting what beliefs as well as what actions are right and wrong for Christians to take. Paul accuses the Corinthians of not taking a common meal, but in his Epistle to the Galatians, Paul associates heresy with "wrath, strife," and "seditious" thoughts. During the medieval era, Galileo was famously charged with heretically denying accepted Church doctrine that the earth revolves around the sun, because of his intellectual scientific study, while Luther was later to accuse the church itself of heretical doctrine, in its doctrinal creation of purgatory and a system of indulgences that was not written about in the Holy text.
