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The high level of homicide in Chicago is a result of lack of social control. Population heterogeneity also contributes to the high level of homicide in the neighbourhoods (Rafter 1990). The two theories complement each other in that they both support the idea behind the high levels of homicide in Chicago. Social disorder brings disunity in society, and this makes people commit criminal behaviours.
Social learning theory states that people will develop the motivation to commit crime if they associate with people who commit crime. Social control will enable people to practise social order and help them from associating with criminals who might influence them negatively. It is crucial for people to have self-control in order for them to refrain from committing criminal behaviours. Factors such as lack of self-control make people engage in criminal behaviour to achieve institutional goals. These institutional goals include earning money and making a good life for them and their families. Sampton, Raundenbush, and Earls state that factors such as race ca make people engage in criminal behaviours. Race is a sensitive issue that makes the discriminated race to take actions that will make them succeed in the contemporary society. Racial discrimination makes capable people not able to provide for themselves and their families.
Another version would be that the high level of homicide in Chicago compared to collective...
Poor economic conditions and residential instability hinder community cohesion (Maxfield, 1999). This happens because social networks in the community weaken and people decline to exercise social control. This explains the high level of homicide because neighbourhoods in Chicago have no cohesion.
These two theories complement each other. The two theories agree that the reason behind the high level of homicide in Chicago is a social disorder. This makes people commit crimes such as homicides. The two theories also agree that social control is a necessity that people should embrace to bring cohesion. This will lower level of homicide in Chicago and raise the level of collective efficacy. The two theories show how much people will do to ensure that they have a means of getting income. Money is important and people will always do everything to ensure that they get it. Some people d not follow the institutional means of achieving success they use crime as a shortcut to get it. This increases the level of crime in society.
References
Maxfield, Michael G. (1999). The National Incident-Based Reporting System: Research and Policy Applications. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 15, 119-149.
Rafter, Nicole Hahn. (1990). The Social Construction of Crime and Crime Control. Journal on Research in Crime and Delinquency 27: 376-389.
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