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¶ … persuade the audience using the scientific method, experimentation and data. There are two typical approaches this may take: the syntagmatic approach or the paradigmatic approach. Within the former, there is a systematic assignment of structure that is designed to logically allow for cognition of the hypothesis under consideration, while the paradigmatic approach looks at the interrelationships between events and actors throughout the entire text. Using the syntagmatic approach one categorizes themes, data sets, and variables to aid in the understanding of the materials. Using the paradigmatic approach, the reader is taken through chronology and events and then asked to make assumptions and connections between causality (Blevins, n.d.).
Paradigms, of course, are models that help us understand broader concepts and constructs. Author Blevins points out that there are a number of units that constitute paradigms, and it is dependent upon which types are linked through structures and organization that make them understandable to the reader. "The paradigm of an item can be organized into sub-paradigms, whose members are more closely associated with each other than with members of the other sub-paradigms" (p. 2). This helps one understand the way different languages use different forms for case, tense and the overall structure of the basic tenets of the language (e.g. German vs. Finnish).
From a basic linguistic perspective, we know...
present or past tense, active or passive verbs, etc.). Usually, different members of a paradigm are characterized by their endings, which then allows a cognitive jump to moving the endings to different words and applying past knowledge (p.5-6).
The impact of this is vast when it comes to relationships between paradigms. To learn a language, one must make interpretive deductions that, over time, expand both vocabulary and literacy -- and therefore meaning. This helps us understand declension, root word migration, and what the author calls paradigm economy, or the blend of generalizations and constraints surrounding paradigms that require inflection or other linguistic tools to understand language development -- particularly in more complex languages like Georgian or Aramaic. We know, of course, than languages are living expressions of culture, and do not develop in isolation. Instead, paradigms are driven by economy of expression and evolve over time to make understanding easier within the context of cultural development (culture in this case may mean gender, tense, or aspect) (pp. 12-13).
In practical terms, Blevins suggests that when dealing with experimental discourse, the use of the two different styles of interpreting provide a conceptual linkage to the way language is used…
Language Development Please make sure you have completed this unit's readings before coming to Seminar, especially the article, "The Language Use Inventory for Young Children: A Parent-Report Measure of Pragmatic Language Development for 18-47-month-old children" by O'Neil. Be prepared to answer the following questions: Notes from O'Neil Article (O'Neil, 2007): Researchers studying young children's pragmatic development have focused on a wide range of topics and ages. Longitudinal studies that have concentrated on children's
This study hoped to prove that these implants were in fact, beneficial for the development of language in young hearing impaired babies. Dependent Variables: The Dependent variables consisted of the actual four-month-old infants who were being implanted with the device. The infants were then assessed for their language development periodically after their implantation. They were tested at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 32 months of age. Measures/Scales used: With the framework that language
English Language Learning (Native Speakers) Stage/Age Language Overall Phonology Morphology Syntax Semantics Implications on reading and writing Practical Approaches Birth -3 mo. Cries, responds to tone, attentive to special sounds, and begins to vocalize. Reflexive and diverse cries, coos and gurgles. Verbal play, some consonants, laughing. No understanding Sounds or intensity as opposed to meaning. Music and talk to child Double syllables, MAMA, tunefully vocalize Vocalizes pleasure and pain; initiates speech, reproduces babbles. Increased sounds and imitation Very little understanding Truck red; hungry eat, etc. Use of words and instructi8ons, jargon
Devel Language skills are fundamental to child social and psychological development, because language provides the means by which children learn about the world and other people. Parents impart language skills cues to their children by teaching coded and decoded messages. Some parental messages are encoded subtly, as with emotional responses. For example, Paulson, Keefe, & Leiferman (2009) found that parental depression impacts the reading habits of parents, which in turn
Language Development in Normal Cases: A Chronological Sequence In normal cases, “babies and children, irrespective of the country in which they are born, all follow a similar pattern of development” (Tassoni, 2007, p. 44). The broad language development stages highlighted by Tassoni (2007) are the pre-linguistic stage and the linguistic stage. Below, I discuss the chronological sequence of the said stages, as highlighted by Tassoni. A: Pre-Linguistic Stage 6 Weeks – Cooing In this
These results are quite striking considering that the mothers come from non-professional backgrounds and had no more than 12 years of schooling on average. Another study on low-income mother-child dyads shows that the rate of vocabulary production is also positively influenced by early exposure to diverse words. In particular, children whose mothers consistently used more varied vocabulary had faster and more linear growth in child vocabulary production between 14