Johnson reports that "in 1998, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)1 severely limited the use of copyrighted materials in distance learning. In 2002, the Technology, Education, and Copy- right Harmonization Act (TEACH Act) relaxed these restrictions under specific conditions. These two laws significantly changed the way educators could use copyrighted material in the digital class- room." (Johnson, p. 66) In the section hereafter, the research considers the implications of this

China IP China's intellectual property rights protections have come a long way since 1978, but there remains room for improvement. While the de jure situation with respect to protecting intellectual property rights approaches Western standards, the enforcement or de facto situation is less encouraging. Western companies have a difficult time enforcing the patchwork of laws and often fail to win judgments significantly large to serve as a deterrent to IP thieves. There

Intellectual Property Law There has been much controversy surrounding the European Union copyright directive, especially as this relates to the music industry. There have been several arguments that these laws are inadequate when taking into account new technological developments, especially with regard to the Internet. Indeed, when the media industry in general is taken into account, the rapid developments require adjustments in legislation. While the copyright directive is an attempt at

Pharmaceutical Companies, Intellectual Property, and the Global AIDS Epidemic For this case study, six questions had been asked. The first one is: Should pharmaceutical companies distribute drugs at low cost in third world countries? What are the pros and cons of such an approach? The second one is: What are the principal arguments of pharma companies who oppose making exception to IPR laws for developing countries? What are the arguments by

As a result, this protection was removed to increase the supply and ensure that the public has access to affordable drugs. ("Pharmaceutical Companies," n.d., pp. 97-99) Some of the negative implications of this decision are that there could be large amounts of generic drugs produced. This is because the various protections were removed to the point, that a number of players could begin manufacturing the medication. Over the course of

America and China Trade Relations Intellectual property is very important as American business continues to expand and develops. Businesses are now attempting to penetrate foreign markets which are unique in their laws, customers and beliefs. International trade is no different in this regard as business attempts to capitalize on a burgeoning middle class in China. As such, it is important for business to protect the intellectual capital that made their operations