He supports there recommends the following instruments in fighting corruption, including:
1) Transparency
2) Codes of conduct
3) Civil society participation and oversight
4) Whistleblower protection
5) Reducing incentives for corruption
6) Conflict of interest rules
7) Integrity pacts and debarment
8) Rigorous prosecution
In Kadembo's research, he has found that countries in Africa in which these suggestions have been implemented (at least where the intention and authority has been serious), they are effective. The tools mentioned above have a track record of starving off corruption in African countries where the implementation efforts have been genuine and thorough going. The international focus is needed to fight off efforts by the big powers who benefit from corruption to thwart such efforts (ibid, 66-67).
Given the corruption that is rife in the U.S., we really do not have much room to talk. However, cooperation and accountability have brought results not just in the area of environmental sustainability not just in the U.S., but even in areas like deepest Africa where corruption has been worst. To recap, this author feels that environmental sustainability needs to be a group effort. The problem with past efforts to deal with environmental sustainability is that the efforts have been much too compartmentalized. In recent experience, cooperation on the part of business, government and international organizations in cooperation has shown very real progress to mitigating the environmental sustainability problems that add so much to global environmental change.
Works Cited
Aligica, Paul Dragos. (2009). Julian simon and the "limits to growth" neo-malthusianism.
The Electronic Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(3), Retrieved from www.ejsd.org/../JULIN_AND_THE_LIMITS_TO_GROWTH_NEO-MALTHUSIANISM.pdf
Anderson, Nicholas. (2009). Reddy or not? The effects on indigenous peoples in brazil of a global. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 2(3), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/4238/3680
Environmental sustainability . (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.naropa.edu/about/env_index.cfm
Environmental sustainability. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.undg.org/index.cfm?P=223
Ezebilo, Eugene E., Mattsson, Leif, & Afolami, Carolyn A. (2010). Economic value of ecotourism to local communities in the nigerian rainforest zone. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 3(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/4295
Dong, Hongmei. (2010). Study on environmental sustainability of ecotourism in the northern piedmont in the qinling mountains. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 3(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/5355/4466
The fisher green school experiment on abc news . (2008, Jne 3). Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHlghk3U5JU
The "green team." (2010, October 4). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/region02/greenteam/.
Goal 7: ensure environmental sustainability. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/environ.shtml
Goklany, Indur M. (2009). Have increases in population, affluence and technology worsened human and environmental well-being?. The Electronic Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(3), Retrieved from http://www.ejsd.org/../The_Population_Bomb_Four_Decades_On.pdf
Gopinath, Deepak, & Gopinath, Manik D. (Manik D). Construction of environmental knowledge: experiences from india. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/1361.
Guo, Jingfu, Mao, Haijun, & Yang, Yuwen. (2009). Research on ethnic eco-ethics and eco-civilization's construction...
Journal of Environmental sustainability, 2(3), Retrieved from www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/4245/3694
Kadembo, Ernest. (2008). Corruption and the distortion of technology transfer and marketing. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/issue/view
Liu, Hua, & Liu, Jinhua. (2010). The study of the ecological problems of eucalyptus plantation and environmental sustainability in maoming xiaoliang. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 3(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/../4477
Lyytimaki, Jari. (2009). Mulling over the Climate Debate: Media Education on Climate
Change. Journal of environmental sustainability., 2(3), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/2601/3681
Meng, Caiping. (2010). On the ecological reconstruction of the coal mining area based on the environmental sustainability. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 3(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/5361.
New meadowlands to be green stadium. (2009, June 02). Retrieved from http://http://www.sustainablebusiness.com/index.cfm/go/news.display
Nghia, Nguyen Chi. (2010). Management research about solutions for the eradication of global poverty: a literature review. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 3(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/4218
O'Toole, Randall. (2001). Population growth and cities. The Electronic Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(3), Retrieved from http://www.ejsd.org/docs/POPULATION_GROWTH_AND_CITIES.pdf
Rosenberg, Betsy. (Artist). (2009). interviews & excerpts from two speeches . [Web].
Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fM0iIRdGYMk
Shang, Haiyan. (2008). Recycle economy in industry aggregation: a view of institutional supply. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(1), http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/viewFile/1460/1402
Snyder, Clayton. (Artist). (2010). Getting a career in green business . [Web]. Retrieved
from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpvtJBlzFRg
Southgate, Douglas. (2009). Population growth, increases in agricultural production and trends in food prices. The Electronic Journal of Environmental sustainability, 1(3), Retrieved from http://www.ejsd.org/docs/POPULATION_GROWTH_INCREASES_IN_AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTION_AND_TRENDS_IN_FOOD_PRICES.
Tiny urban farm in the city lives green (abc 7 news ). (2007). [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.metacafe.com/watch/761532/tiny_urban_farm_in_the_city_lives_green_abc_7_news
Udah, Enang B. (2010). [pdf] macroeconomic reforms, government size, and investment behaviour in nigeria. Journal of Environmental sustainability in Africa, 12(1), Retrieved from http://jsd-africa.com/../Macroeconomic%20Reforms,%20Government%20Size,%20and%20Investment%20Behavior%20in%20Nigeria%20(Udah).pdf
Us epa: sustainability. (2010, May 18). Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/sustainability/
United Nations, UN News Service. (7 October 2010 ). Trade can help spur shift to green economy, says top un official Retrieved from http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=36368&Cr=trade&Cr1=climate.
What is environmental sustainability. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ces.vic.gov.au/ces/wcmn301.nsf/childdocs/-441BB07721D61152CA256F250028C5FB-open
World water shortage vs. golf course consumption . (2009). [Web]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7JVNT7FV6Q
Vaarst, Mette. (2010). Organic farming as a development strategy: who are interested and who are not?. Journal of Environmental sustainability, 3(1), Retrieved from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/viewFile/3591/4459
