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¶ … ethics and morality. Provide specific examples for each. In your comparison, include a description of the connection between ethics and morality.
Ethical systems, such as utilitarianism or libertarianism, are formal ethical systems that are explicitly delineated. In the ethics of utilitarianism, there is often a specific, written calculus used to determine who constitutes the majority for whom the ethical actions should serve; in libertarianism, there is an overarching, simple philosophy of government nonintervention. Ethical systems may not 'make sense' to people looking at them from the outside, but to their founders there is an attempt to formally organize their codes into a system. In contrast, morality usually is seen as a "code of conduct that a person or group takes as most important" (Gert 2011). Morality is a combination of personal or community ethics, gut instincts, or rules that...
For example, when I am slicing a cake, I might allocate the same-sized piece to every person, based upon a general, communal sense that equality constitutes fairness. This is a form of 'morality.' In contrast, there is an underlying ethical system in the idea that all persons are treated equally in the eyes of the law, in the administration of the American system of justice (which is why everyone, regardless of income, is entitled to legal representation when accused of a crime).
Of course, morality has a clear influence upon the development of ethical systems. The value placed upon the individual in Western morality has guided and shaped ethical systems like that of Locke's, which stressed the need for sovereign control to be kept in check, so that every citizen's right to life, liberty, and property was not infringed upon.…
Morality is different from religion: "religion differs from morality or a moral system in that it includes stories about events in the past, usually about supernatural beings, that are used to explain or justify the behavior that it prohibits or requires" (Gert 2011). Religion also differs from ethics in the sense that it uses such events to justify the demands of its followers, versus logic, although ethical systems may be generated from religions traditions. Morality likewise is affected by religion, based upon the life experiences of believers and their cultures.
However, moral codes are not always explicitly stated, unlike ethical codes. For example, in our society it is generally considered wrong to 'cut' someone in line or to offer an official a bribe. However, in other societies, where corruption and fighting for scarce resources is part of life, these actions may be viewed in a less censorious manner. Even though both societies may have ethical systems that deem such actions wrong, the moral actions of most individuals in the societies are profoundly different.
Different moral codes can also coexist in societies. "Many religions condemn homosexual behavior as immoral, but those who hold that morality is primarily concerned with avoiding and preventing harm condemn religious discrimination against homosexuals as immoral" (Gert 2011). Of course, ethical systems can
For nurses to be truly effective in the 21st century, nurses must support expanded access to wellness promotion strategies, like having affordable and nutritious food in low-income community, more movement-friendly urban design, and expanded access to healthcare and health insurance for individuals in all locations, and in all demographic segments of America. As nurses face increasingly cost-conscious environments, the ethical issues related to providing care for all will become even
Deontological theory might criticize Guido's choice if the initial assumptions included the rule prohibiting lying. However, deontological analysis is only as useful as the underlying rules with respect to which it is applied. Therefore, the solution to the deontological issues raised by the issue presented by the movie is simply to reformulate a less restrictive rule that is incapable of being applied to every situation. Instead of proposing the rule
Ethics and Morality In ethics egoism demands the individual to either be the encouraging moral force or should be the end of moral action. Egoism is of two; positive and normative ethic. The positive ethic is about real human psychology, where people are motivated by their own interests and desires. The normative ethic says that people should be so motivated. The positivist egoist theory called the psychological egoism, provides an explanation of
Criticism of Consequentialism: The deontological criticism of consequentialism would suggest that the very fact that two identical acts can be highly ethical or highly unethical in different circumstances renders consequentialism purely subjective and dependent on opinion instead of objective principles. In that view, the deontological ethical approach may produce unintended negative results on occasion, but at least deontological ethics are predictable and consistent; furthermore, deontological values lead to the better
.." And "The probability that my peers would undertake the same action is...." It is the difference in the responses given to these two questions, as captured on a seven point Likert scale, that is the measure of the social desirability response bias. (Tyson: 1992; Cohen et al.: 1995, 1996, 2001). Many studies have been done on the role and correlation between moral development and ethical decision making as it applies
Their primary duty is that of guiding the spiritual and religious aspects of the lives of their community members. They should give the highest priority to their duties towards the community including church service, counseling and other ceremonial functions required by their profession. As part of their professional and ethical duties, pastors are also required to show an interest in community development and increase their participation in community activities.