Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Nicotine can imitate neurotransmitters in the brain and send confusing messages, affecting critical brain development" (Beauchaine in Shepherd). This is but the tip of the iceberg regarding the harmful nature of tobacco in any form.
From an ethical standpoint, one can take a formal moral standpoint and quote utilitarianism/deontology: Utilitarianism holds that the most ethical thing one can do is any action that will maximize the happiness within an organization or society. Actions have quantitative outcomes and the ethical choices that lead to the "greatest good for the greatest number" are the appropriate decisions, even if that means subsuming the rights of certain individuals. It is considered to be a consequential outlook in the sense that while outcomes cannot be predicted the judgment of an action is based on the outcome -- or, "the ends justify the means" (Robinson and Groves, 2003). . Deontology argues that there are norms and truths that are universal for all humans; actions then have a predisposition to right or wrong, moral or immoral. Kant believed that humans should act, at all times, as if their individual actions would have consequences for all of society. Morality, then, is based on rational thought and is the direction most humans innately want. Roughly, deontology is "the means justify the ends" (Kamm, 2007). Thus, the idea of banning secondhand smoke is defensible in both cases: there are proven statistics that secondhand smoke is harmful in a number of ways; therefore because it is harmful to the majority, the majority cannot live without fear of harm. Any civil liberties regarding...
Asking what is the best solution for the largest number of people, and what means society would put in place for that outcome will likely change the paradigm of egregious prescription drug and procedure costs, and a more egalitarian approach to healthcare.
REFERENCES
"Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General." (June 27, 2007). U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services. Cited in:
http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/secondhandsmoke/
Kamm, F.M. (2007). Intricate Ethics: Rights, Responsibilities, and Permissible Harm.
Kuhn, C., et.al. (2008). Buzzed: The Straight Facts About The Most Used and Abused Drugs. Norton.
Robinson, D. And J. Groves. (2003). Introducing Political Philosophy. Icon Books.
Shephard, A. (July 11, 2007). "Prenatal Secondhand Smoke Causes Psychological
Issues." The Daily of the University of Washington. Cited in:
http://dailyuw.com/2007/7/11/prenatal-secondhand-smoke-causes-psychological/
Taylor, R., et.al. "Passive Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Cumulative Meta-Analysis."
Australian Journal of Public Health. 25 (3): 203-11.
"WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control." (2005). World Health
Organization. Cited in:
http://www.who.int/tobacco/framework/WHO_FCTC_english.pdf
Holistic Victim Restitution Plan Reflection Victimology is one of the disciplines that has emerged in the criminal justice field to examine situations and vulnerabilities that make it more likely for people to become victims of crime. Additionally, this discipline also focuses on examining and understanding the harm people suffer due to being victims of crime or illegal activities. One of the core components of victimology is understanding who and/or what are
Origin of Evil The origin of evil has been a controversial issue not only in the contemporary Christian circles but also among the ancient Greek Christians. The point of contention in the discussion about the origin of evil is why a good God would have created evil. The Judeo-Christians struggled to understand how a good, powerful, and all-knowing God could allow evil to exist. The logical conclusions were that either God
Journals of Herrera and Gottleib Books A healthy child is the joy of the family. Social and academic development of a child depend on his ability to use his eyes and ears effectively. When one of these organs is impaired, the child will face challenges to communicate or see effectively, which will affect the child's social and academic developments. When a child has developed a vision or ear impairment, early
Assessment Competencies Abstract Assessment in education is referred to a range of tools or methods used by educators to measure, document and evaluate the academics readiness, skill acquisition, progress and learning needs of students. The tracking progress report plays an important role to the student since it gauges where they are heading in terms of academics. Assessment is often likened to the traditional standardized tests but educators nowadays, use different types of
Discussion Reflection 1. I think the concepts that were most interesting to me in this class were more the high level concepts like the Five Forces. These are the sorts of tools that I think can be relevant in any industry. They force you to think not just about what the company does, but how the business works. For example, you can be good at some aspect of the business, but
theological education is, as Trokan suggests, "to promote personal wisdom," then theological reflection is an essential component of that education (144). According to Paver, there are numerous approaches to theological reflection including ministerial, spiritual, wisdom, feminist, enculturation and practical styles (36). Each of these has relevance and can be part of a holistic and comprehensive theological undertaking that has meaning, value, and practical purpose. Of these styles, the spiritual