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Germany
In the short-term, the Bolshevik Revolution and the subsequent withdrawal of Russia from the Eastern Front was very advantageous for Germany, enabling it to conserve its rapidly-depleting military resources. Lenin's intention in negotiating a peace was obviously not altruistic but the fact that the communists were determined to modernize the country and institute what they considered to be an ideal form of government. This was impossible while continuing the war which Lenin already regarded (with some justification) as a conflict that had resulted from squabbling between the imperial powers and which had little to do with where Russia was heading in its future. Secret alliances and tensions between the great powers touched off a series of events which caused the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand to have a 'snowballing' effect in terms of declarations of war. The conflict which followed was bloody and except for Russia after its regime change, no one was willing to make concessions in favor of peace, fearing seeming weak in the eyes of their neighbors.
Reaction paper: The home front
As the war continued, the negative impact of the conflict began to have a spillover effect upon the rest of the German population. By the end of the war, not only was Germany losing in terms of its battles; worse, it had already lost the hearts and minds of the population. The cumulative effect of this was what became known as the humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles, in which Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war (despite the complexity of the circumstances arising to generate that conflict). France, by virtue of its causalities, was particularly demanding of a harsh sentence against Germany and demanded the depletion of the German economy and military (which was already in a sorry state by virtue of what Germany had endured during the war).
11 His ridicule views about the first family made the Russian citizens to regard him as worthless or inferior because of his resistance and the general talk he had on issues. Despite there being a demanding leadership crisis that could cause challenges to even the best leaders of the time, the presence of Tsarina and Rasputin worsened the conditions. They reshuffled the cabinet, sacking talented cabinet ministers and in their
Stalinism -- a Continuation of Leninism? Vladimir Lenin was a Russian revolutionary leader and theorist, who ruled the first government of Soviet Russia and then the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (Encarta, 2004). Lenin was the leader of the radical socialist Bolshevik Party (later renamed the Communist Party), which seized power in the October phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917. After the revolution, Lenin created and led the new
As Paxton (2005) points out, the Russian Revolution was directly responsible for the rise of Fascism in Italy and Germany. The Russian Revolution, comprised of and led largely by a Jewish demographic, represented a threat to the nationality and national interests of European states. Fascist movements were not limited to Italy and Germany—they appeared in England, France, Spain and elsewhere—but Italy and Germany emerged as the primary Fascist states because
During the period of transition, defense spending needed to be maintained in order to avoid returning to depression. The Cold War provided a means for this. The intense rhetoric provided justification to the American people, but the combination of high defense spending and the rhetoric only further inflamed the U.S.S.R. Inflammation also stemmed from several short-term incidents that occurred in the post-war years. The Soviet Union, for example, attempted a
Political Science As nations move away from a bureaucratic approached to building government t monoliths, the course of political leaders has been termed "creating a more responsive government." Responsive government is a reaction against the long lines, and red tape which has typically stereotyped inflexible government behaviors. Responsive government must become a reality in a world in which citizens have instant access to information and influence which in the past was
Adolf Hitler Introduction Adolf Hitler was born in Austria on April 20, 1889. From an early age he wanted to be an artist, though he also considered entering the clerical life and becoming a priest (Shirer). His father was a practical man and wanted to see his son enter into government service and eke out a decent living for himself. His father had not had much luck with work, having tried farming