Global Influences on Homeland Security

Global Influence and the Challenges Facing Leaders in Homeland Security
Annotated Bibliography
Berger, L. (2014). Foreign policies or culture. Journal of Peace Research, 51(6): 782-796.
This study uses survey method to obtain data of the world’s three largest Muslim-majority nations in the world. The purpose of the study is to challenge conventional thinking in terms of what factors impact the public opinions of Muslims regarding political violence aimed at the U.S. The survey categorizes violence by distinguishing between violence towards civilians and violence towards military targets. Independent variables are identified that enable the researcher to also distinguish surveyors’ views on U.S. foreign policy as opposed to simply U.S. culture. The study analyzes the data using logistic regression models and finds that Egypt, Pakistan and Indonesia all have perceptions of U.S. policies relating to the Middle East (and the region’s oil), Israel, and an overall aim on the part of the U.S. to divide and conquer the Muslim world. The survey also shows that these perceptions are not related to support of violence against civilians—but that they do relate to the support of violence aimed at U.S. military targets. The views that impact approval and support of violence aimed at civilians are found to be shaped by hostile perceptions of American culture, the domestic political status quo, and U.S. antagonism of Middle Eastern political systems. The study has significant repercussions for Homeland Security leaders because it identifies reasons that potential enemies of the U.S. may have for supporting attacks on U.S. forces and civilians. Understanding these motivations can help Homeland leaders better prepare for security.
Burruss, G. W., Giblin, M. J., & Schafer, J. A. (2010). Threatened globally, acting locally: Modeling law enforcement homeland security practices. Justice Quarterly, 27(1), 77-101.
This study looks at the effect of institutional pressure on homeland security preparedness. Institutional pressures were described as professional and governmental publications, training, professional associations, and peer agency actions. The data was obtained from the Illinois Homeland Security Survey and provides information on three theories used to explain how homeland security preparedness is achieved. The theories used are contingency theory, resource dependence theory, and institutional theory. The researchers anticipated that institutional pressures would create isomorphism as law enforcement agencies attempted to conform to standards within the industry. Confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to analyze the data obtained and organizational theory was used as a framework for understanding homeland security preparation. The study found that institutional pressures substantially impacted city and county preparedness. Funding was not found to be a factor. In a global context, it was found that institutional pressures develop in response to changes at the macro or global level, so that what occurs on the global stage in terms of homeland security trickles down to the micro level to impact homeland security agencies’ preparedness at the municipal level.
Jaeger, Paul. Information policy, information access, and democratic participation: The
national and international implications of the Bush administration’s information politics. Government Information Quarterly, vol. 24, no. 4 (2007): 840-859.
This study shows how information policy is based on identifying boundaries to information access. It notes that information access is pivotal to every aspect of society and that policy is therefore centrally important. Due to terrorist incidences, however, the extent to which the sharing of information should be permitted has been raised among policy makers. This study examines the perspectives put forward by the Bush Administration on how policy should steer information access. The researcher describes “information politics” as an issue that homeland security leaders must consider as they work to make information available and to have access to information so that they can best fulfill their roles.
LaFree, G., & Adamczyk, A. (2017). The Impact of the Boston Marathon bombings on
public willingness to cooperate with police. Justice Quarterly, 34(3), 459-490.
This study examines the manner in which terrorism impacts police preparedness. It notes that previous studies have indicated that terrorism may increase citizen cooperation with law enforcement agencies in order to prevent future attacks as well as to rally and unite communities. The researchers test these findings using three surveys focusing on citizens’ desire to assist police in combating terrorism. One survey was conducted prior to the Boston Bombing and two were conducted after. Public support for police fighting terrorism increased significantly after the Bombing, the surveys showed. The study also found that knowledge of terror cells and terror activity increases in the wake of a terror attack. This study shows that homeland security personnel are likely to find more cooperation in communities immediately following an attack than before.
Mantri, G. (2011). Homegrown Terrorism. Harvard International Review, 33(1), 88-104.
Mednicoff, David. Compromising toward confusion: The 9/11 Commission Report and
American policy in the Middle East. Contemporary Sociology, vol. 34, no. 2 (2005): 107-115.


You are to write an annotated bibliography based on library research on the topic ‘GLOBAL INFLUENCE and major challenge facing leaders in HOMELAND SECURITY ” The bibliography must consist of five or six articles from peer-reviewed journals . Each annotation must be clear and concise descriptions of the articles in terms of the point of the article, research method the study used and other information that indicate that serious library research resulted in the selection of these articles..