Drugs and Kids Preventing Substance Abuse

One environmental factor is an adult model of substance abuse in addition to a lack of clear family prohibition against it (Hawkins et al. 2004);

One cultural risk factor is the collection of stresses in forced acculturation, urbanization, and cultural dislocation for the Indian Youth (Hawkins et al. 2004);

One culture-specific protective factor is a strong bond with the family and school (Hawkins et al. 2004)

Similarities in Behavior

The experiences of the parents in Sheff (2005) and those of Kusher and team (2007) are largely similar and different in only a small aspect. Nick's parents in Sheff were as shocked and lost and self-accusatory as the parents in Kusher and team's participating parents. The common behavior between the two groups consists of disbelief, frustration, self-blame or guilt and helplessness. In the case of Nick, his parents first dealt with their own problems, the primary one, which was their divorce, which was the root cause of Nick's substance abuse. They also allowed themselves to suffer along with their Nick in order to understand him and his problem better. They remarried for his sake and tried their best to retrieve what had been lost due to their divorce. Although Nick had already by then gone too deep...

The parents in Usher and his team (2007)'s study had more varied reactions towards the progress of their children's recovery from addiction. Unlike Nick's parents, some of the parents in Usher and team's volunteers entertained abandoning their addicted children. It was something which Nick's parents never entertained (Sheff, Kusher et al.).
III. Comparison of the Impact of Supervised Drinking in Two Countries

Findings in the study show similarities between the effectiveness of adult or family-supervised alcohol use and a state harm minimization policy (McMorris et al. 2011). They reveal that adult-supervised alcohol use leads to higher harmful consequences than harm minimization. The results were challenged (McMorris et al.).

Nonetheless, the results of the separate studies were too large and impressive to ignore (McMorris et al. 2011). They stressed that adult-supervised drinking in both countries has led to higher levels of alcohol use among the participant. This underlying finding is clearly a sound call for parents must exercise greater authority over the use of alcohol by their children. Other European countries favor adult supervision more than a harm-minimization policy (McMorris et…