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Institutional Resources/Expenditures
Why do various campus stakeholders often have different perspectives on the budget? Can't we all "just get along?"
Economics is the science of scarcity. All institutional actors will have valid reasons that their particular department should receive priority in funding decisions. For example, the Art Department will argue that 'without support for art in our universities, where will the next generation of artists come from?' Intercollegiate sports activities will highlight the physical benefits of activity for students and the alumni funding drawn by successful sport teams. There are few reasons not to give funding to many, many groups, because a university is made up of so many different social and academic parts. Conflicts will always arise, and some groups will inevitably feel shortchanged. The ultimate purpose of university education remains an open question in America, and what aspects of university life should be emphasized -- from academics, to extracurriculars, to financial aid policies to make the university more socially inclusive -- remains a subject of heated contention.
2. When we invite constituents to participate in the budget process, don't we also create heightened expectations? How can we infuse both honestly and realism into the budget cycle in the attempt to keep all stakeholders on the same page?
Heightened expectations are indeed inevitable when constituent groups are asked to participate in the process. For example, when students are asked to be part of the budgetary process, they naturally assume that their voices will yield more money for financial aid. If advocacy groups are allowed to participate in the process, they may take their presence as a signal that their particular ideology is welcome by the administration, even if the administration merely wanted their input, not to give their program for reform a rubber stamp. Honesty can be conveyed by highlighting the scarcity of resources from the beginning of the budgetary process, and forcing groups to 'do the math' when making requests -- even explaining what cuts they feel in current programs are fair, so that their pet projects can be funded
The most obvious benefit is that participants will approach the use of technology more thoughtfully in their practice -- and potentially change some of their technology-dependent behaviors and resistance to technology. b. Describe what new information may be learned from this research The study is designed to explore the barriers and incentives related to the use of technology in the social work practice. c. Describe incentives to encourage individuals to participate in
International Human Resources Culture, Political, Economic and Social Contexts of Nigeria Under the Subject of International Human Resource Management. This paper is solely related to the International human resources practices, the uses of international human resources aspects as well as implementation within Nigeria. The paper has been explored several positive and negative aspects of Nigeria related to IHRM and whether it is feasible for global companies to operate and use the labor
Motivation grows out of the awareness that someone gave the time and effort to notice one's achievement (Klaff). Recent strikes against continuously rising health care costs have strained all employers and labor and employee relations. Employers have been trying to reduce double-digit cost increases by modifying health-care plans, which shift the expense to employees, by raising premiums for family members to providing alternatives (Klaff 2003). Health care costs have been
Budgeting; Allocation of Public Resources In 1940, V.O. Key laid out the basic budgeting problem that economists are yet to solve: ‘on what basis do we decide to allocate resources to one program and not another given the scarcity of resources?’ According to Keys, solutions to this problem lie in economic theory or an improved understanding of the institutional arrangements within which decisions for resource allocation are made (Fozzard, 2001). From
This characteristic is pivotal in today's business environment, in which more and more companies offer services, rather than material products. Within the United States for instance, 79.6 per cent of all national income is generated by the services sector, which also employs 76.8 per cent of the overall labor force (Official Website of the Central Intelligence Agency, 2009). Given this context, it becomes more impending to stimulate the employees
HIV / AIDS Implication in African Governance Implications of HIV / AIDS on Botswana's Governance This dissertation paper is a research study that foresees on the governance structure of African nations, in particular, Botswana. The country has had a declining development on the improvements being instigated in government. This has been attributed to ht increasing rates of HIV / AIDS in the country; more so, it has been rated top among nations