International Economics How Does The Heckscher-Ohlin Theory Term Paper

International Economics How does the Heckscher-Ohlin theory differ from Ricardian theory in explaining international trade patterns?

In the Ricardian model only one factor of production, labor, is needed to produce goods and services (Suranovic). The productivity of labor is assumed to vary across countries, implying a difference in technology between nations. The difference in technology results in advantageous international trade. On the other hand, the Hecksher-Ohlin model uses two factors of production labor and capital (Carbaugh, 2004). Thus, this model accounts for differing factor-proportions both across and within industries. For example, if one country has a relative abundance of land while another country has a relative abundance of capital, the first country will have a comparative advantage in producing and exporting a land-intensive product while the second country would have a comparative advantage in a capital-intensive product.

The Heckscher-Ohlin theory demonstrates how trade affects the distribution of income within trading partners. Explain.

This theory assumes that the only differences between countries are relative endowments of factors of production (Suranovic). Trade will occur,...

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economy to 1947 trade data (Trade model extensions and applications). He found that the capital/labor ratio for U.S. export industries actually was lower than for U.S. import-competing industries. This finding was exactly the opposite of what the factor-endowment model would predict for the capital-abundant U.S. He also achieved similar results using 1951 trade data.
According to Staffan Linder, there are two explanations of international trade patterns -- one for manufacturers and another for primary (agricultural) goods. Explain.

Linder states that trade in primary products and agricultural goods conforms well to the factor-endowment theory (Boston University Global Trade Web site). However, he believed trade in manufactured goods required a different theory what he referred to…

Sources Used in Documents:

Bibliography

Boston University Global Trade. Retrieved August 6, 2004 from Web site: http://www.bu.edu/goglobal/courses/intecon/textbookreview.htm

Carbaugh, R.J. (2004). International Economics, 9th edition. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western.

Kirchbach, F.V. And Mimouni, M. (2003, February). International Trade Forum. Retrieved August 6, 2005 from Web site: http://www.tradeforum.org/news/fullstory.php/aid/552/Market_Access_Barriers:_A_Growing_Issue_for_Developing_Country_Exporters_.html

Suranovic, S. The Heckscher-Ohlin (Factor Proportions) Model. Retrieved August 6, 2005 from Web site: http://internationalecon.com/v1.0/ch60/60c010.html
Tariff barriers. Retrieved August 6, 2005 from Web site: http://www.export911.com/e911/export/tariff.htm
Trade model extensions and applications. Retrieved August 6, 2005 from Web site: http://66.102.7.104/search?q=cache:-qVfrL4WFsYJ:www.swlearning.com/economics/carbaugh/Ch04.doc+%22Leontief+paradox%22+factor-endowment& hl=en


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