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Josiah Faber
RE: M8D1 Routine activity theory
I agree that to some extent there will always be some form of crime on an individualized basis. Viewing crime solely as a social problem rooted in poverty seems to ignore the existence of white-collar crimes, which are often perpetuated by individuals who have all of their basic material needs satisfied. However, I do think the concept of crime reduction has some validity regarding some types of crime, such as selling drugs, which can be fostered by a culture of desperation and a culture of criminality. I do not think individualized therapy is necessitated, merely a better social support network for the poor to prevent some types of crimes.
JOHN RHODES
RE: M8D1 Routine activity theory
I agree that routine activity theory does not purport to be a broad, all-encompassing theory. It is merely one tool amongst many for law enforcement officials and members of the public to use to engage in more effective crime mitigation strategies. Striving to remove factors that make it easier to commit crimes can reduce the likelihood of the crime being committed in the first place. This is obviously the best case scenario for the victim.
To use inductive theory to explain the cellular phone example might be to observe the conditions under which cellphone theft is more likely to take place (such as in crowded areas, for example, or during concerts or arenas with many distractions) and to reduce the ability for those conditions to make it easier to engage in theft, such...
stuffed in backpacks where the phones can be easily accessed by thieves.
JEREMY TOMLIN
The example of noting how the presence of security cameras in London (or other forms of security monitoring) reduces crime is an excellent example of applying routine activity theory in an inductive manner. Increasing law enforcement presence is often used as a solution to reduce crime. I also agree with your example regarding deductive applications of the theory: the idea that increased online usage by teens will result in virtual bullying behaviors common to the age group is based upon the idea that behaviors common to teens in real life will be transferred online, particularly given the absence of parental supervision.
JOSIAH FABER
M8D1
I disagree that simply because there is the presence of an officer this would automatically guarantee that the crime you mentioned would not have been committed: crimes do sometimes take place in the presence of security personnel. However, I think the theory suggests on a general basis, by creating conditions that increase the likelihood of detection, overall the rate of crime will decrease. Your example of welfare fraud raises the question if certain types of crimes are more or less likely to be prevented by routine activity theory: because violent personal crimes often are irrational, deterrent factors might have less of an influence than property crimes undertaken with an intention to profit.
MODULE…
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Labeling Theory Criminality is an unfortunate but inevitable component of human society. As much as people would like to believe that there is a way to create a type of community that has no crime, psychologists and other experts in the field of criminology have done research and created various hypotheses which show that criminality is actually an inevitability under any circumstances where large numbers of human beings interact and then
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