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Lung cancer was a less known condition till after the WWI when a sudden increase in number of cases affected by tumors of the lower respiratory tract was noticed. Prior to the WWI, the tobacco industry has increased its production manifold which was directly related with the increase in number of patients with lung cancer. Even though the tobacco industry denied having anything to do with this increase, it was conclusively established in 1950s that there existed a strong link between cigarette smoking and development of tumors in lower respiratory tract. Even though initially most of the cases were found in males, since 1987 things have changed dramatically and now women account for 40% of lung cancer cases found in the U.S.
Statistics show that in 1878, lung tumors were found in hardly 1% of cases emerging at the Institute of Pathology of the University of Dresden in Germany. After 30 years around 1918 this percentage had dramatically reached 10% and this coincided with the end of WW1. It was later found that due to increase in efficiency of cigarette making, production increased and so did consumption. This was found to be the major cause of increase in cases of lung cancer. (Witschi, 2001)
TRANSMISSION
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of developing lung cancer. About 90% of...
2000). Even after a person quits, the risk of lung cancer is there but it does gradually decrease and may vanish completely after 15 years. There are certain factors which make a person more vulnerable to lung cancer such as number of cigarettes smoked per day and the age at which he started smoking. There are some other causes as well including exposure to second hand smoke, asbestos, and radon. (emedicinehealth)
Symptoms and Signs
There may not be any symptoms in some cases of lung cases and tumors may be found only through chest X-rays but in most other cases, some signs and symptoms would start to show as the disease takes hold. Some signs include persistent cough, cough with blood, pain in the chest area and struggling to breathe. These symptoms are similar to signs found in cases of bronchitis and pneumonia and if these occur often, the person should be tested for lung cancer.
STAGING OF LUNG CANCER
Staging and its determination are very important in lung cancer cases because they help in choosing the correct treatment option. Staging refers to severity of the condition at the time of diagnosis. Under the NSCLC system lung cancer stages range from 1 to 4 in the order of severity:
Stage…
References
History of Lung cancer. Accessed online from http://www.lungcancersurgery.org/lung_cancer_history.htm
Witschi, Hanspeter. A Short History of Lung Cancer. Toxicological Sciences. Volume64, Issue 1 Pp. 4-6.
Causes of Lung cancer. Accessed online from http://www.emedicinehealth.com/lung_cancer/page2_em.htm#Lung%20Cancer%20Causes
Wood ME, Kelly K, Mullineaux LG, Bunn PA Jr. The inherited nature of lung cancer: a pilot study. Lung Cancer. 2000 Nov;30(2):135-44.
Cancer nurses with sufficient knowledge of the biological basis of these therapies would be better equipped to deal with the practical clinical implications and provide better symptoms management. The technical understanding of the nurses is also crucial in educating and in enabling the patients to take care of themselves. Further, it also goes without saying that nurses, as the primary caregivers are responsible for the emotional well being of
diseases i.e. lung cancer, childhood leukemia, obesity and Alzheimer's disease. In each explanation, I have included a definition of the disease, risk factors, treatments, prognosis, and prevention. Later, I have provided short literature reviews of four articles. Lung Cancer Lungs are those organs in the body that help the human beings to breathe i.e. inhale and exhale oxygen. Their primary function is to provide oxygen to every cell in the body.
" (2003) It is reported in the work of Morrow (2009) that prior to palliative sedation being considered the team of people caring for the patient or the palliative care team "…will look at many possible options to help relieve suffering, such as aggressive symptom management (using any and all medications and treatments that may help) and mental support to help with emotional concerns. The goal is to make the patient
...It can spot moderate to severe dysplasia (irregular tissue), "some of which may turn out to be malignant and you'll have a case of lung cancer," he explains. Patients with dysplasia can then be closely monitored, and if cancer appears, it can be treated in its earliest stages. The second diagnostic tool is an imaging agent called Nofetumomab (verluma). Approved by FDA in 1996, it can determine the extent of
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