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Mood Disorders
All people experience mood changes. We are happy or sad. We may be overjoyed or in despair, but our reactions are in proportion to the situations we face. In mood disorders, this balance is not present. Moods are extreme. Depression is a sad state where things seem hopeless. Mania is elation or extremely heightened energy. In both states the person's perception of the world is somewhat distorted. Many famous people have had these disorders including Winston Churchill and Eugene O'Neill.
Unipolar depression: is the most common mood disorder, and is more than just a short period of "the blues." Up to 15% of the population may be clinically depressed during any given year.
Symptoms: Emotionally, people with depression feel sad. They may describe themselves as feeling miserable or empty inside. They lose pleasure in thing they used to enjoy, and lose their sense of humor. Depression can also cause agitation, anxiety, or anger, and have spells of crying. Depression may be linked to anxiety and the same treatments often help both disorders. Behaviorally, their activity level may drop. They may avoid people and spend excessive amounts of time in bed. They may even move and speak more slowly. Cognitively, they will have a markedly negative view of themselves. They will blame themselves for events over which they had no control, and won't acknowledge the good things they do. They tend to be pessimistic,...
They may be very easily distracted. They may have physical symptoms including headaches or indigestion. Their appetite may decrease and may even develop delusions, or unrealistic beliefs.
Diagnosing: As with all psychological and psychiatric disorders, The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) provides the critera. DSM lists specific symptoms for a major depressive episode, which must last at least two weeks; a major depressive disorder, and dsysthimc disorder, all forms of depression.
Cause: Depression is often triggered by some major event, although sometimes the cause may be within the individual (biological). Biology, psychological, and social factors may all play a part. Genetics are implicated for some people and may provide a predisposition to the disorder, as has been indicated in adoptive studies that rule out common environmental triggers among biological twins separated at birth. Neurotransmitters appear to play an important role in depression, which is why medication can play an important role in treatment. Freud credited unconscious processes after major loss, such as the death of a loved one that caused the person to regress. However, the sadness of the loss of a loved one is temporary in people who do not develop depression. Freud argued that depression is more likely to develop in individuals…
Mood Disorders INTENSE, PERSISTENT, RECURRING Definition of Mood Disorders Causes Risk Groups Symptoms Diagnosis and Treatment Prevention Proposed Dimensions for DSM5 In a single year, approximately 7% of Americans suffer from mood disorders, seen as depression or mania, likely to turn worse or cause death (Satcher, 2011). It is one of the top 10 causes of disability throughout the world. Mood disorder subjects spouses, children, parents, siblings and friends to frustration, guilt, anger, financial burden and even physical abuse
Bipolar Disorder and the Impact Manic-depressive illness is termed as the bipolar disorder. It is a brain disorder and causes swings in mood, fluctuation in the energy levels and the inability of a person to carry out the daily activities. There are various symptoms of this disorder, which can be very severe. There are three conditions or types of disorder, which include mania, hypomania, and depression. There are feelings of
Self-Efficacy and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder The challenges of adolescence have always loomed large for young people and for families -- for as long as adolescence has been a recognized stage in human development. A constellation of skills is needed by young people to bridge the transition from childhood dependency to adult independency (Smith, Cowie, & Blades, 1998). For some young people, the transition is especially difficult and skill development
Running head: DSM DSM 5Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5): Recent ChangesDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5): Recent ChangesThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is considered the gold standard of how mental illness is diagnosed and treated within the psychiatric community of the United States. Although laypersons may think of mental illness or sanity versus insanity as stable classifications, the DSM has, in
Bipolar Disorder generally sets in during adolescence or early adulthood though it may also occur late in one's life or during childhood. It results in terrible mood swings ranging from mania and euphoria to depression and suicidal tendencies. The earlier a person is diagnosed with bipolar disorder the better. Medication is available for bipolar disorder, which helps control the mood swings and even treats the condition. Diagnosis of bipolar disorders
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder associated with specific periods of the calendar year. SAD is more commonly found in geographic locations with long winter seasons with shorter daylight hours, less sunlight, and longer nights. This lack of sunlight has been directly connected to mood changes in a variety of populations and is most common at latitudes that experience less light during the winter seasons. In addition, some